Anemia infecciosa aviar: caracterización lesional y del antígeno vírico en pollos broiler

El 27 de agosto de 2015 entraron 16320 pollitos broiler (machos y hembras) en una nave (Nave A) y 16116 en otra (Nave B). Las bajas durante la primera y segunda semana de vida fueron 364 en la nave A y 354 en la B. A partir del día 14 de vida (tercera semana) se incrementaron considerablemente las bajas (672 y 539) y en la cuarta y quinta semana se contabilizaron 628 y 438. A los 18 días de vida muchos de estos pollitos presentaban pododermatitis y edema en las alas, por lo que se decide remitir 6 animales para la necropsia. Las lesiones observadas eran compatibles con anemia infecciosa aviar, causada por un circovirus, “chicken anemia virus” (CAV)

Effectiveness and safety of integrase strand transfer inhibitors in Spain: a prospective real-world study

IntroductionSecond-generation integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are preferred treatment options worldwide, and dolutegravir (DTG) is the treatment of choice in resource-limited settings. Nevertheless, in some resource-limited settings, these drugs are not always available. An analysis of the experience with the use of INSTIs in unselected adults living with HIV may be of help to make therapeutic decisions when second-generation INSTIs are not available. This study aimed to evaluate the real-life effectiveness and safety of dolutegravir (DTG), elvitegravir/cobicistat (EVG/c), and raltegravir (RAL) in a large Spanish cohort of HIV-1-infected patients.MethodsReal-world study of adults living with HIV who initiated integrase INSTIs DTG, EVG/c, and RAL-based regimens in three settings (ART-naïve patients, ART-switching, and ART-salvage patients). The primary endpoint was the median time to treatment discontinuation after INSTI-based regimen initiation. Proportion of patients experiencing virological failure (VF) (defined as two consecutive viral loads (VL) ≥200 copies/mL at 24 weeks or as a single determination of VL ≥1,000 copies/mL while receiving DTG, EVG/c or RAL, and at least 3 months after INSTI initiation) and time to VF were also evaluated.ResultsVirological effectiveness of EVG/c- and RAL-based regimens was similar to that of DTG when given as first-line and salvage therapy. Treatment switching for reasons other than virological failure was more frequent in subjects receiving EVG/c and, in particular, RAL. Naïve patients with CD4+ nadir <100 cells/μL were more likely to develop VF, particularly if they initiated RAL or EVG/c. In the ART switching population, initiation of RAL and EVG/c was associated with both VF and INSTI discontinuation. There were no differences in the time to VF and INSTI discontinuation between DTG, EVG/c and RAL. Immunological parameters improved in the three groups and for the three drugs assessed. Safety and tolerability were consistent with expected safety profiles.DiscussionWhereas second-generation INSTIs are preferred treatment options worldwide, and DTG is one of the treatment of choices in resource-limited settings, first-generation INSTIs may still provide high virological and immunological effectiveness when DTG is not available

Radionúclidos naturales en el Parque Nacional de Doñana y su entorno

El objetivo general de esta tesis doctoral ha sido estudiar y delimitar el papel de los radionúclidos naturales como trazadores de procesos físicos y/o geoquímicos que ocurren en la naturaleza, analizando para ellos dos ecosistemas íntimamente ligados a

Determination of 238U/234U isotope ratios in environmental waters by quadrupole ICP-MS after U stripping from alpha-spectrometry counting sources

The 234U/238U isotope ratio has been widely used as a tracer for geochemical processes in underground aquifers. Quadrupole-based inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) equipped with a high-efficiency nebulizer and a membrane desolvator was employed for the determination of 234U/238U isotope ratios in natural water samples. The instrumental limit of detection for 234U was at the low pg L?1 level with very low sample consumption. Measurement precision (234U/238U) was 3–5% for bottled mineral water with elevated uranium concentration (>1 ?g L?1). For the analysis of groundwater samples from the Almonte-Marisma underground aquifer (Huelva, Spain), uranium was stripped from stainless steel planchets that had previously been used as radiometric counting sources for alpha-particle spectrometry. Potential spectral interferences from other metals introduced during the dissolution were investigated. Matrix-matched blank solutions were needed to subtract the background on 234U due to the formation of platinum argides, and to allow for mass bias correction and background correction. The Pt appears to be an impurity present in the stainless steel, either as a minor component by itself or after extraction from the anode and a subsequent uranium electrodeposition. The 234U/238U isotope ratio data were in very good agreement with those of alpha spectrometry, while precision was improved by a factor of up to 10 and counting time was reduced down to ~20 min (10 replicate measurements)

Determination of U-234/U-238 isotope ratios in environmental waters by quadrupole ICP-MS after U stripping from alpha-spectrometry counting sources

The 234U/238U isotope ratio has been widely used as a tracer for geochemical processes in underground aquifers. Quadrupole-based inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) equipped with a high-efficiency nebulizer and a membrane desolvator was employed for the determination of 234U/238U isotope ratios in natural water samples. The instrumental limit of detection for 234U was at the low pg L-1 level with very low sample consumption. Measurement precision (234U/238U) was 3-5% for bottled mineral water with elevated uranium concentration (>1 μg L-1). For the analysis of groundwater samples from the Almonte-Marisma underground aquifer (Huelva, Spain), uranium was stripped from stainless steel planchets that had previously been used as radiometric counting sources for alpha-particle spectrometry. Potential spectral interferences from other metals introduced during the dissolution were investigated. Matrix-matched blank solutions were needed to subtract the background on 234U due to the formation of platinum argides, and to allow for mass bias correction and background correction. The Pt appears to be an impurity present in the stainless steel, either as a minor component by itself or after extraction from the anode and a subsequent uranium electrodeposition. The 234U/238U isotope ratio data were in very good agreement with those of alpha spectrometry, while precision was improved by a factor of up to 10 and counting time was reduced down to ~20 min (10 replicate measurements)

A dosimetric model for determining the effectiveness of soil covers for phosphogypsum waste piles

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of the phosphoric acid production process that contains high concentrations of U-series radionuclides. PG piles formed during the last 30 years cover about 1,200 hectares and are located close to the town of Huelva (Spain) on a salt-marsh. The regional government of Andalusia restored the area beginning in 1990 by covering it with a 25-cm-thick layer of natural soil. With this restoration, the external gamma-dose rate in the zone has decreased drastically, approaching near environmental background values. This conclusion is based on results obtained through in-situ monitoring measurements and through a dosimetric model developed for that particular radiation source. As the model uses average parameters of the studied site, its output does not show a correlation point by point with the in-situ monitoring measurements. However, a good agreement is observed in average values over the covered piles. The model gives an average dose rate of 0.41 mGy y21 and the in situ monitoring 0.40 mGy y21 . Based on this model, it is possible to calculate the necessary thickness of soil to reduce the dosimetric contribution from a similar extension of PG until the desired level is reached. In our conditions, in a 25-cm-thick soil, about 0.19 mGy y21 is the increase produced by the PG layer in relation to an infinitum soil layer. Consequently, no radiological concern exists in the restored zones with respect to the external gamma radiatio

A navegar con Cristóbal Colón

Se desarrolla un proyecto de innovación educativa en torno a la figura de Cristóbal Colón, cobrando importancia también otros hechos derivados de sus descubrimiento, como es el caso del conocimiento de otras culturas, sus costumbres y tradiciones. En el momento histórico del V centenario de de la muerte de Cristóbal Colón, toda la comunidad educativa se embarca y participa en la experiencia innovadora que promueve el interés por la lectura, fomenta la coordinación del profesorado, la convivencia y la socialización del profesorado. El proyecto pretende entre otros objetivos: conocer el personaje de Cristóbal Colón y su importancia en la historia, reconociendo la repercusión que tuvo el Descubrimiento de América y los Reyes Católicos; fomentar la convivencia en el centro a través de las diferentes actividades del proyecto, educando en valores y en el respeto a la pluralidad; acercar al alumnado al oficio de marinero a través de las diferentes experiencias y actividades. Las sesiones de trabajo se han desarrollado combinando la formación teórica a través de las exposiciones de ponentes externos, las reflexiones de grupo y momentos de debate donde el intercambio de experiencias ha sido positivo y valorado por los asistentes, y el desarrollo práctico de las sesiones han sido ejecutadas por cada tutor o especialista en el aula con el alumnado, teniendo en cuenta cada contexto y nivel educativo.Castilla y LeónConsejería de Educación. Dirección General de Universidades e Investigación; Monasterio de Nuestra Señora de Prado, Autovía Puente Colgante s. n.; 47071 Valladolid; +34983411881; +34983411939ES

Experiencias de trabajo compartido en el aula : una propuesta de INVADIV

Se recogen una serie de trabajos que analizan tanto el aprendizaje en grupo como la estrategia de trabajo en el aula universitaria como cuestiones relacionadas con la web Invadiv como recurso didáctico, el aprendizaje cooperativo, la atención a la diversidad, los nuevos caminos hacia una Europa inclusiva, la coeducación, las experiencias derivadas de programas de apoyo y refuerzo y otras propuestas metodológicas.AndalucíaBiblioteca de Educación del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte; Calle San Agustín, 5 - 3 planta; 28014 Madrid; Tel. +34917748000; [email protected]