A Comparison of Demographic, Social and Economic Conditions of Tharparkar with Canal Barrage Area Sindh (1988-2000): An Introduction

This is study comparative study of Tharpakar with Barrage area Sindh and introductory chapter of the thesis of Ph.D submitted in 2002. In this chapter background of demographic, social and economic conditions are compared with each other. Purpose of the chapter was to give the complete picture of both areas for proper occlusions and recommendations for policy maker to get the Tharparkar better economically and socially. Mostly secondary data from reliable sources was given in this chapter. This study reveals that Thar is good only for livestock raiser and non-crops (Rangeland plantation). When we touch the educational side then we come to know that at the primary level education in barrage area is much better than Tharparkar. In Middle class and up to intermediate level education ratio of Tharparkar is much better than barrage area of Sindh province. At the graduate and postgraduate level barrage area is little higher in ratio than Tharparkar due to low facilities available in Tharparkar. The Minerals of Tharparkar may prove the better than barrage area. At the level of immediate measure for the development of Thar there is need of improvement of Rangeland, farmlands and races of livestock. The future of Thar is livestock with well-managed natural vegetation.Keywords: comparative Study; Introductory; Demographic, Social and Economic Conditions; Livestock; Rangeland Plantation

Agro-based Industry of Tharparkar and Barrage Area of Sindh: Solutions and Suggested Policy

In this study solutions and suggested policy of agro-based industry of Tharparkar and barrage area of Sindh are given, and it is tenth chapter of the Ph.D submitted in 2002. Purpose of the study was to give the complete picture of solutions and recommendations. On the completion of this study and in the light of conclusions drawn it has been observed that to further develop agro-based industries in Thar and Barrage areas, it is necessary for the Government of Sindh to take steps for local organization and indigenous knowledge and leadership. The awareness of rangeland and livestock by the local organizations will help in the enhancement of all other agro-based industries. The development of agro-based industries in Thar will boost Sindh’s industrial economy. In order to alleviate poverty, it is also necessary that people be trained in the ways and means to develop their physical assets (land and livestock). In this way poverty will fall about 55 percent. For the development of Thar’s agro-based industries two formulas are suggested as bellow: A. Alleviation of poverty = Local Organizations + Livestock; B. Development of Thar = Local Organizations + Livestock + Roads + Electricity. For the achievement of purpose Proposed Immediate Measures, Medium and Long Term Measures should be taken.Solutions and Suggested Policy; Tharparkar; Barrage Area of Sindh; Agro-Based Industry; livestock

Microfinance and Self-Help Finance System to Reduce Poverty from Pakistan: An It-Based Solution

The aim of this paper is to find out the techniques and suggest computer-based solution to reduce poverty from Pakistan, and suggest sustainable management of micro-Finance and Self-help Finance systems. Literature review at national and international level reveals that many researchers have attempted to suggest microfinance as a tool to reduce poverty. Self-help financing blended with donor’s finance is also successfully being practiced. Model of Grameen Bank is also being replicated with some modification as per demand of the localities, as there is always a room for improvement with scientific and technological inventions. Computer technology, as it is already playing its role in various fields, can be fruitfully utilized for proper management of this proposed project. Presently NADRA e-Sahulat and Telenor’s easy paisa are programs that have capability to help the masses with maximum accuracy in the financial transactions. Some studies also encourage establishing a microfinance bank, with small deposits plus donor’s funds, to be electronically managed by NGOs and controlled by organizations of indigenous peoples in villages. This study concludes that by reducing manpower intermediate-expenditure and irregularities will reduce poverty and will help in saving the amount for maximizing their own welfare. Presently, facilities are already available with latest technology, which if modified and innovated will bear fruit. This study suggested that how national and international donor Agencies should get accurate real-time information relating dissemination of their funds in right-hands, with to increased efficiency and decreased management expenditure.Microfinance; Self-Help Finance; NADRA e-Sahulat; Tameer Bank and Easypaisa

Computerized National Identify Card, NADRA KIOSKs and its prospects

Abstract: This paper analysis Computerized National Identity Cards (CNIC), National Database and Registration Authority (NADRA) KIOSKs, NADRA Swift Registration Centers (NSRCs) and their working mode of payments and prospects. The results reveal that mode of payments of different utility bills properly managed by NADRA database is found to be the best in Pakistan when compare to other services. CNIC can be used as an ATM card in future, if banks will cooperate with NADRA, and it will be more successful in comparison of present practice. This study also reveals that NADRA database and CNIC will prove the best in finding out the bogus accounts in banks, ghost employees taking salaries from government treasury and fake passport. It will also help in proper distribution of donations and aids to poor citizen within short time aiding the poverty eradication schemes. At the end implications are made and further studies are recommended for improvement.NADRA, KIOSK, CNIC, NSRC, payments, utilities, credit, donations, aids, equally distribution

E-Learning – A Proposed Model to Meet the Millennium Development Goal-2

This paper reviews the literature and proposes a latest fastest and cheaper ways of imparting universal quality education at primary school level in developing countries. Literature review shows that blending of e-tools in present way of learning is helpful in improving the standard of education at national and international level. At present time, different ways of learning are available in the world, like: virtual universities, distant education, privately appearing in examinations, online papers etc. According to MDGs report, Goal 2 is: Achieve Universal Primary Education: Ensure that all the boys and girls complete primary school by 2015. It is found that the education and training systems of all the nations make vulnerable the future of millions of the children and of the nation itself. In developing countries villages where schools are available, enrolments are there, in spite of that there is no productivity because there something is lacking in teachers and society. Efforts made by government and donors agencies are encouraging but not enough; it is also found that with available resources by proper innovation and blending with information technology productivity can be improved, so for this a model is proposed , which will be helpful to meet the MDG-2.e-Learning; Universal Education; Innovative; MDG-2; Information Technology

Livlihood Diversification and Opinion Polls’ Analysis: Evidence From Tharparkar-Sindh (Pakistan)

In this paper attempt has been made: (i) to analyse the opinion poll of Thareies about livilihood and its diversifaction, (ii) to identify the livlihood available resources and attitute of Thareis to these resoures. Answers of the poll questions are analysed accordingly and coclusions are drawn from this analysis. Study reveals that Tharis like agriclture and main source of it is the livestock. It is the sustanable source of income. Agriculture is fail due to shortage of rain fall. Goats and sheep are the main much growing vareites of livestock. Every body want to rear it with intrest because, it is easily saleable and cashable. Attitude of Tharis shows that some people are ready to divert from conventional agriculture and adopt the other opportunity. Therefore awareness of new opportunity is needed .Livlihood Diversification, Tharparkar, Agriculture, Livstock, Sustainable Source

Mode of compensation to internally displaced persons (IDPs) from Thar coalfields areas of Sindh

The main purpose of this study is to suggest the transparent mode of payment to expected internally displaced persons of Thar coalfields areas of district Tharparkar, Sindh province of Pakistan. According to national and international laws if people are displaced then they are being compensated as per applicable laws. Thar itself is backward area of Pakistan. At present due to presence of Thar coalfield, it is considered the mineral rich area of Pakistan. During mining, the people will be displaced and a suitable compensation will be set to pay. As practice, all IDPs are being paid the compensations in different areas of Pakistan by traditional ways and presently at some level, electronic media is used in transfer of payment to people. To make it more transparent a model is suggested. All the people having computerized national identity card (CNIC) be considered account holders and CNIC number be considered account number, which is already in practice by NADRA KIOSKS in Pakistan. All those who have no CNIC also be assigned account number with some identification. Amount whatever is decided be electronically transferred to every account. Every account holder be given a ATM card and password and for additional security finger prints/photograph be taken and after matching these, transactions should take place.Mode of Payment; IDPs of Thar; Coalfields Areas; Compensation

E-Learning – A Proposed Model to Meet the Millennium Development Goal-2

This paper reviews the literature and proposes a latest fastest and cheaper ways of imparting universal quality education at primary school level in developing countries. Literature review shows that blending of e-tools in present way of learning is helpful in improving the standard of education at national and international level. At present time, different ways of learning are available in the world, like: virtual universities, distant education, privately appearing in examinations, online papers etc. According to MDGs report, Goal 2 is: Achieve Universal Primary Education: Ensure that all the boys and girls complete primary school by 2015. It is found that the education and training systems of all the nations make vulnerable the future of millions of the children and of the nation itself. In developing countries villages where schools are available, enrolments are there, in spite of that there is no productivity because there something is lacking in teachers and society. Efforts made by government and donors agencies are encouraging but not enough; it is also found that with available resources by proper innovation and blending with information technology productivity can be improved, so for this a model is proposed , which will be helpful to meet the MDG-2e-Learning; Universal Education; Innovative; MDG-2; Information Technology

A Vision for Collection and Disbursing of Funds: Suggested policies for District Tharparkar

Attempt has been made to suggest a innovative idea for Tharparkar to establish a bank just like Grameen Bank. Concept is based on the implication of different agencies, NGO’s, experiences and lesson learned from these studies. Learned lesson from these organizations and with intervened innovative suggestions, this study reveals that this new innovative idea is possible at this time and the need of this deserted backward area. To reduce the poverty to encourage the people towards collection of micro-deposits and be distributed funds from government and donors agencies in proper and short time to rightful hands reducing the extra expenditure and corrupt hands involved in process.Thar, Bank, Disbursing, Vision, NGO’s

Agro-based industry of Tharparkar and barrage area of Sindh: Solutions and suggested policy

In this study solutions and suggested policy of agro-based industry of Tharparkar and barrage area of Sindh are given, and it is tenth chapter of the Ph.D submitted in 2002. Purpose of the study was to give the complete picture of solutions and recommendations. On the completion of this study and in the light of conclusions drawn it has been observed that to further develop agro-based industries in Thar and Barrage areas, it is necessary for the Government of Sindh to take steps for local organization and indigenous knowledge and leadership. The awareness of rangeland and livestock by the local organizations will help in the enhancement of all other agro-based industries. The development of agro-based industries in Thar will boost Sindh’s industrial economy. In order to alleviate poverty, it is also necessary that people be trained in the ways and means to develop their physical assets (land and livestock). In this way poverty will fall about 55 percent. For the development of Thar’s agro-based industries two formulas are suggested as bellow: A. Alleviation of poverty = Local Organizations + Livestock; B. Development of Thar = Local Organizations + Livestock + Roads + Electricity. For the achievement of purpose Proposed Immediate Measures, Medium and Long Term Measures should be taken.Solutions and Suggested Policy; Tharparkar; Barrage Area of Sindh; Agro-Based Industry; livestock