Effect Of Variation In Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Proportions In Spark Ignition Engine Emissions.

This paper presents an experimental investigation of a Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) fueled four-stroke spark ignition engine. The primary objective of the study was to determine and quantify the exhaust emissions from the engine

Optimization of control factors for a diesel engine fueled with jatropha seed producer gas on dual fuel mode

A combustible gas converted from carbonaceous material through gasification technology can be used to operate the internal combustion engine. Dual fueling of the diesel engine to run on the gasified biomass has been extensively investigated; however, optimization of control factors to offset operating cost and diesel and biomass consumption has remained largely unexplored. This study aims to optimize operating settings, i.e., diesel injection timing, gas flow rate, and engine load to maximize the overall desirability of specific diesel consumption, specific Jatropha seed consumption, and operating cost. The finding highlighted that the maximum desirability of 82.29% for the sampling design was obtained at the injection timing of 9° before top dead center (BTDC), the gas flow rate of roughly 9 kg/h, and the high engine load. The concept of this study can also be applied to other bioenergy types. © 2019 Regional Energy Resources Information Center (RERIC), Asian Institute of Technology. All rights reserved

The effect of jatropha seed cake producer gas flow rates on a diesel engine operated on dual fuel mode at high engine speed

© 2019, Paulus Editora. All rights reserved. Jatropha seed cake is a byproduct of biodiesel production. The seed cake can be used to make a producer gas that can be fumigated into a diesel engine operated on dual fuel mode without major modification. This paper intends to investigate the impact of Jatropha seed cake-derived producer gas mass flow rate on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine operated on a dual fuel mode at a high engine speed of 3,000 rpm. The results highlight that the maximum diesel replacement rate reached 60% at a 20 kg/h gas flow rate when the engine was operated at medium engine load. An increase in gas flow rate augments the diesel substitution rate but decreases the electrical-thermal efficiency (ETE). At 70% of the full engine load, the specific diesel consumption declined from 0.337 to 0.185 kg/kWh when the gas was increased from zero to 20 kg/h. At this engine load, the ETE sharply fell off from 25% to 10.6% and 6.6% when the gas flow rate increased from zero to 10 kg/h and 20 kg/h, respectively. The electrical specific fuel consumption and electrical specific energy consumption, exhaust hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions were found to be higher with an increase in gas flow rate. Unlike dual fuel engine operation at medium speed, the nitrogen oxides (NOX) emissions were consistent with an increase in gas flow rate. Based on the empirical findings, the dual producer gas-diesel engine should be operated at high engine load but not at a high engine speed of 3,000 rpm with a maximum gas flow rate of 20 kg/h

The combustion and emission characteristics of the diesel engine operated on a dual producer gas-diesel fuel mode

Producer gas is a low energy density gaseous fuel converted from carbonaceous materials through a thermochemical process. The gas can be exploited to operate a diesel engine on a dual-fuel mode to partially reduce diesel fuel use. The present study intends to investigate the impacts of gas flow rate and diesel injection timing (DIT) on a diesel engine operated on a dual-fuel mode at a high engine speed of 3,000 rpm. The findings highlight that the peak pressure occurred later and was lower at a higher gas flow rate. The peak pressure was higher and advanced when the DIT was advanced and the engine load was increased. Large increases in CO2, HC, and CO concentrations were found in the dual-fuel mode, specifically at low loads. Unlike the findings using a medium engine speed, the specific NOX emissions were higher for the dual-fuel mode operation. Based on these empirical results, a dual-fuel engine should be operated at a high engine load and a gas flow rate of 10 kg/h. A slightly advanced DIT is required – roughly 3 degrees of crank angle. Furthermore, a dual producer gas-diesel engine should not be operated at the maximum gas flow rate. © 2019, Paulus Editora. All rights reserved

Fumigation of producer gas in a diesel genset: Performance and emission characteristics

© 2018 IEEE. Gasification is a thermo-chemical process, which convert solid biomass into combustible gas called producer gas. In this study a combustion of producer gas was combined with the diesel fuel to determine its engine performance and the emission produced. The study focused on the maximum diesel fuel replacement rate applied in an induced-draft based gasification set - up. This paper investigate the effect of a producer gas flow rate on the engine performance by using the force-draft based gasifier. A mixture of Jatropha seed and Jatropha press-cake in 1:1 ratio (volumetric basis) was used as the feedstock for the throat less downdraft gasifier. The gaseous product was used in a 2.5 kWe (Kilowatts electrical) diesel generator set to partially replace the diesel fuel. Two producer gas flow rates were chosen in studying the engine performance and emission characteristics: 10 kg/h and 20 kg/h. The engine load was varied from 0.5 kWe to 2.0 kWe in 500 We increment. The result showed that the diesel fuel replacement was maximized at 1 kWe. Diesel fuel replacement rate is higher at the higher fuel gas flow rate. The maximum diesel fuel saving was 70% when 20 kg/h gas is introduced, and the engine was operated at 1.0 kWe load or 40% at full load. The specific diesel fuel consumption was found to be lower at dual fuel mode as compared with single diesel mode in over the entire load range. CO and CO2 emission increased with the increase in gas flow rate for all loads