Assessing the level of household Quality of Living (QoL) of Berhampore Town (City) in Murshidabad District, West Bengal, India

La qualitat de vida és un concepte multidimensional d’un individu o d’una societat. Ha estat influenciada per diferents factors com ara les condicions de l’habitatge, les condicions de salut, l’educació, els actius i altres serveis bàsics. Aquesta investigació tracta d’avaluar el nivell de qualitat de vida (QoL) de la llar de Berhampore Town (ciutat) al districte de Murshidabad a Bengala Occidental, Índia. La qualitat de vida de les llars es mesura a partir de vint indicadors. Aquests indicadors s’utilitzen com a dominis diferents com l’índex de capital humà, l’índex d’actius, l’índex de serveis bàsics i l’índex d’habitatge. La qualitat de les condicions de vida es determina a partir de puntuacions compostes. El resultat demostra que les condicions de vida difereixen en diferents punts d’aquesta població. Les condicions de vida de la part central són millors que les d’altres parts d’aquesta ciutat.Quality of living is a multidimensional concept of an individual or a society. It has been influenced by different factors such as housing conditions, health conditions, education, assets, and other basic amenities. This research deals with assessing the level of household Quality of Living (QoL) of Berhampore Town (city) in Murshidabad district in West Bengal, India. Household Quality of Living is measured based on twenty indicators. These indicators are used as different domains like Human Capital Index, Assets Index, Basic Amenities Index, and Housing Index. Quality of living conditions is determined based on composite scores. The result shows that living conditions differ in different parts of this town. The living condition of the central part is better than other parts of this city.La calidad de vida es un concepto multidimensional de un individuo o una sociedad. Ha sido influenciado por diferentes factores, como las condiciones de vivienda, las condiciones de salud, la educación, los bienes y otras comodidades básicas. Esta investigación trata de evaluar el nivel de calidad de vida (QoL) de los hogares de Berhampore Town (ciudad) en el distrito de Murshidabad en Bengala Occidental, India. La Calidad de Vida de los Hogares se mide a partir de veinte indicadores. Estos indicadores se utilizan como diferentes dominios como el índice de capital humano, el índice de activos, el índice de servicios básicos y el índice de vivienda. La calidad de las condiciones de vida se determina en base a puntuaciones compuestas. El resultado muestra que las condiciones de vida difieren en diferentes partes de esta localidad. La condición de vida de la parte central es mejor que otras partes de esta ciudad.Quality of living is a multidimensional concept of an individual or a society. It has been influenced by different factors such as housing conditions, health conditions, education, assets, and other basic amenities. This research deals with assessing the level of household Quality of Living (QoL) of Berhampore Town (city) in Murshidabad district in West Bengal, India. Household Quality of Living is measured based on twenty indicators. These indicators are used as different domains like Human Capital Index, Assets Index, Basic Amenities Index, and Housing Index. Quality of living conditions is determined based on composite scores. The result shows that living conditions differ in different parts of this town. The living condition of the central part is better than other parts of this city.Quality of living is a multidimensional concept of an individual or a society. It has been influenced by different factors such as housing conditions, health conditions, education, assets, and other basic amenities. This research deals with assessing the level of household Quality of Living (QoL) of Berhampore Town (city) in Murshidabad district in West Bengal, India. Household Quality of Living is measured based on twenty indicators. These indicators are used as different domains like Human Capital Index, Assets Index, Basic Amenities Index, and Housing Index. Quality of living conditions is determined based on composite scores. The result shows that living conditions differ in different parts of this town. The living condition of the central part is better than other parts of this city.Quality of living is a multidimensional concept of an individual or a society. It has been influenced by different factors such as housing conditions, health conditions, education, assets, and other basic amenities. This research deals with assessing the level of household Quality of Living (QoL) of Berhampore Town (city) in Murshidabad district in West Bengal, India. Household Quality of Living is measured based on twenty indicators. These indicators are used as different domains like Human Capital Index, Assets Index, Basic Amenities Index, and Housing Index. Quality of living conditions is determined based on composite scores. The result shows that living conditions differ in different parts of this town. The living condition of the central part is better than other parts of this city

A critical evaluation of the Solid Waste Management System in selected wards of Jangipur Municipality within the Murshidabad District, West Bengal, India

Municipal solid waste (MSW), commonly known as garbage, refuses or rubbish, is waste consisting of everyday items that are discarded by the public. Rapid urbanisation in India accelerates the generation of MSW, thereby producing major problems with its disposal. Improper handling of MSW creates environmental and health related hazards. In this paper an attempt is made to evaluate the solid waste management within the Jangipur Municipality, a cantonment town of West Bengal. This paper portrays MSW generation, its collection, as well as the attention of local self-government to spreading diseases. The paper also highlights the issues and challenges related to MSW, while trying try to find out some scientific treatment for solid waste management

Evaluación del sistema de suministro de agua y sus problemas del municipio de Nabadwip, Nadia, Bengala Occidental, India

L’aigua és l’ànima vital de l’ésser humà i un element físic important. La disponibilitat d’aigua per beure, necessitats domèstiques i d’altres en un entorn urbà és important quan causa estrès per als grups d’interès. Si la font d’aigua només està subterrània, crea més preocupació. El sistema de subministrament d’aigua de qualsevol àrea amb els seus components hidrològics i hidràulics proporciona aigua per satisfer la necessitat d’una manera sistemàtica. Per aquest motiu, l’objectiu d’aquest estudi és retratar i analitzar l’estat actual del sistema de subministrament d’aigua i els seus problemes del municipi de Nabadwip, Nadia. La ciutat és un famós lloc religiós i històric. L’estudi ha revelat que l’escassetat d’aigua a les fonts; el ràpid creixement de la població i la urbanització es troben entre les principals causes que van provocar l’escassetat de subministrament d’aigua. L’estudi també indica que la distribució de l’aigua al terme municipal no és igual; el temps de subministrament no és adequat. Per tant, el sistema de subministrament d’aigua no és suficient per satisfer tot tipus de demanda. El sistema de subministrament d’aigua afecta l’hàbitat de l’home en diferents parts. Es necessita una planificació sistemàtica per afrontar la situació a la vista del desenvolupament sostenible d’aquesta ciutat religiosa.Water is the lifeblood of human being and an important physical element. The availability of water for drinking, domestic needs and others in an urban environment matters most when it causes stress for the stakeholders. If the source of water is groundwater only, it creates more concern. Water supply system of any area with its hydrologic and hydraulic components provides water to meet the need in a systematic manner. For this reason, the objective of this study is to portray and analyze the present status of water supply system and its problems of Nabadwip Municipality, Nadia. The city is a famous religious and historical place. The study has revealed that shortage of water at the sources; rapid population growth and urbanization are among the major causes that resulted in water supply shortage. The study also indicates that water distribution in the municipal area is not equal; the timing of supply is not adequate. So, the water supply system is not sufficient enough to meet all kinds of demand. Water supply system affects the habitat of man in different parts. A systematic planning is needed to cope up the situation in view of the sustainable development of this religious town.El agua es la sangre del ser humano y un elemento físico importante. La disponibilidad de agua para beber, las necesidades domésticas y otras en un entorno urbano es más importante cuando causa estrés a los interesados. Si la fuente de agua es solo agua subterránea, crea más preocupación. El sistema de suministro de agua de cualquier área con sus componentes hidrológicos e hidráulicos proporciona agua para satisfacer la necesidad de una manera sistemática. Por esta razón, el objetivo de este estudio es describir y analizar el estado actual del sistema de abastecimiento de agua y sus problemas en el municipio de Nabadwip, Nadia. La ciudad es un famoso lugar religioso e histórico. El estudio ha revelado la escasez de agua en las fuentes; el rápido crecimiento de la población y la urbanización se encuentran entre las principales causas que provocaron la escasez de suministro de agua. El estudio también indica que la distribución del agua en el área municipal no es igual; el momento del suministro no es adecuado. Por lo tanto, el sistema de suministro de agua no es suficiente para satisfacer todo tipo de demanda. El sistema de suministro de agua afecta el hábitat del hombre en diferentes partes. Se necesita una planificación sistemática para hacer frente a la situación en vista del desarrollo sostenible de esta ciudad religiosa

Evaluación del sistema de suministro de agua y sus problemas del municipio de Nabadwip, Nadia, Bengala Occidental, India

L’aigua és l’ànima vital de l’ésser humà i un element físic important. La disponibilitat d’aigua per beure, necessitats domèstiques i d’altres en un entorn urbà és important quan causa estrès per als grups d’interès. Si la font d’aigua només està subterrània, crea més preocupació. El sistema de subministrament d’aigua de qualsevol àrea amb els seus components hidrològics i hidràulics proporciona aigua per satisfer la necessitat d’una manera sistemàtica. Per aquest motiu, l’objectiu d’aquest estudi és retratar i analitzar l’estat actual del sistema de subministrament d’aigua i els seus problemes del municipi de Nabadwip, Nadia. La ciutat és un famós lloc religiós i històric. L’estudi ha revelat que l’escassetat d’aigua a les fonts; el ràpid creixement de la població i la urbanització es troben entre les principals causes que van provocar l’escassetat de subministrament d’aigua. L’estudi també indica que la distribució de l’aigua al terme municipal no és igual; el temps de subministrament no és adequat. Per tant, el sistema de subministrament d’aigua no és suficient per satisfer tot tipus de demanda. El sistema de subministrament d’aigua afecta l’hàbitat de l’home en diferents parts. Es necessita una planificació sistemàtica per afrontar la situació a la vista del desenvolupament sostenible d’aquesta ciutat religiosa.Water is the lifeblood of human being and an important physical element. The availability of water for drinking, domestic needs and others in an urban environment matters most when it causes stress for the stakeholders. If the source of water is groundwater only, it creates more concern. Water supply system of any area with its hydrologic and hydraulic components provides water to meet the need in a systematic manner. For this reason, the objective of this study is to portray and analyze the present status of water supply system and its problems of Nabadwip Municipality, Nadia. The city is a famous religious and historical place. The study has revealed that shortage of water at the sources; rapid population growth and urbanization are among the major causes that resulted in water supply shortage. The study also indicates that water distribution in the municipal area is not equal; the timing of supply is not adequate. So, the water supply system is not sufficient enough to meet all kinds of demand. Water supply system affects the habitat of man in different parts. A systematic planning is needed to cope up the situation in view of the sustainable development of this religious town.El agua es la sangre del ser humano y un elemento físico importante. La disponibilidad de agua para beber, las necesidades domésticas y otras en un entorno urbano es más importante cuando causa estrés a los interesados. Si la fuente de agua es solo agua subterránea, crea más preocupación. El sistema de suministro de agua de cualquier área con sus componentes hidrológicos e hidráulicos proporciona agua para satisfacer la necesidad de una manera sistemática. Por esta razón, el objetivo de este estudio es describir y analizar el estado actual del sistema de abastecimiento de agua y sus problemas en el municipio de Nabadwip, Nadia. La ciudad es un famoso lugar religioso e histórico. El estudio ha revelado la escasez de agua en las fuentes; el rápido crecimiento de la población y la urbanización se encuentran entre las principales causas que provocaron la escasez de suministro de agua. El estudio también indica que la distribución del agua en el área municipal no es igual; el momento del suministro no es adecuado. Por lo tanto, el sistema de suministro de agua no es suficiente para satisfacer todo tipo de demanda. El sistema de suministro de agua afecta el hábitat del hombre en diferentes partes. Se necesita una planificación sistemática para hacer frente a la situación en vista del desarrollo sostenible de esta ciudad religiosa

Assessment of water supply system and its problems of Nabadwip municipality, Nadia, West Bengal, India

Water is the lifeblood of human being and an important physical element. The availability of water for drinking, domestic needs and others in an urban environment matters most when it causes stress for the stakeholders. If the source of water is groundwater only, it creates more concern. Water supply system of any area with its hydrologic and hydraulic components provides water to meet the need in a systematic manner. For this reason, the objective of this study is to portray and analyze the present status of water supply system and its problems of Nabadwip Municipality, Nadia. The city is a famous religious and historical place. The study has revealed that shortage of water at the sources; rapid population growth and urbanization are among the major causes that resulted in water supply shortage. The study also indicates that water distribution in the municipal area is not equal; the timing of supply is not adequate. So, the water supply system is not sufficient enough to meet all kinds of demand. Water supply system affects the habitat of man in different parts. A systematic planning is needed to cope up the situation in view of the sustainable development of this religious town

Investigation of the antidiabetic and probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from some ethnic fermented foods of Darjeeling District

Abstract Background Indigenous communities residing in the Darjeeling Himalayan region and its adjacent hilly areas have a deeply rooted cultural tradition of consuming a diverse range of vegetable and milk-based fermented products, believed to confer various health advantages. With this traditional knowledge, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from popular fermented foods such as Chhurpi (derived from Bos grunniens milk), Gundruk (made from Brassica juncea leaves), Sinki (derived from Raphanus sativus taproots), and Kinema (produced from Glycine max beans). This study aimed to investigate the probiotic properties of the prevalent LABs, including aggregation properties, bile salt hydrolase activities, survival under gastro-inhibitory conditions, safety evaluations, and their potential health-promoting attributes, with a specific focus on inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Results Five of the LAB isolates demonstrated notable viability rates exceeding 85% when exposed to gastro-inhibitory challenges. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, these isolates were identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus (isolate GAD), Lactobacillus plantarum (isolates KAD and CAD), Lactobacillus brevis (isolate SAD), and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (isolate CMD). These LAB isolates exhibited versatile carbon source utilization, significant auto- and co-aggregation, and bile salt hydrolase (BSH) properties. Auto-aggregation capacity notably increased over time, ranging from 30 to 150 min, with percentage increments from 4.83 ± 1.92% to 67.60 ± 5.93%. L. brevis SAD displayed the highest co-aggregation increment (%) against Staphylococcus aureus, while L. plantarum KAD demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity. In vitro analyses postulated potential health benefits related to antidiabetic properties, particularly inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. L. brevis SAD exhibited the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, while L. plantarum KAD displayed the most potent α-amylase inhibitory activity. Comprehensive safety assessments, including antibiotic susceptibility profiling, hemolytic activity evaluation, and in vivo acute toxicity studies, confirmed the suitability of these LAB isolates for human consumption. Conclusions The isolates show promising probiotic characteristics and significant potential in addressing metabolic health. These results carry substantial scientific implications, suggesting the pharmaceutical-based applications of these traditional fermented foods. Further in vivo investigation is recommended to fully elucidate and exploit the health benefits of these LAB isolates, opening avenues for potential therapeutic interventions and the development of functional foods

Physicochemical and elemental studies of Hydrocotyle javanica Thunb. for standardization as herbal drug

Objective: To explore the leaves of Hydrocotyle javanica Thunb. as a source of safe and effective antibacterial herbal medicine. Methods: The standardization was validated by stepwise physicochemical studies, element analysis, determination of ash values, fluorescence analysis, assessment of moisture content, extractive values in different solvent systems and extraction methods. Heavy metal contents, mineral and element contents were analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer and CHNS/O analyser, respectively. Results: The methanol extract of the folklore medicinal plant having antibacterial efficacy contained flavonoids and phenolic OH groups. The ICP multi standard indicated the presence of three major compounds with molecular mass of 161190 and 221 Da. Heavy metals viz. lead, mercury and copper content were 4.38 ppm, < 0.05 ppm and 24.70 ppm, respectively. Minerals content of calcium, phosphorus, potassium and iron were 1190.94 mg/100 g, 375.57 mg/100 g, 2820 mg/100 g and 340.20 mg/100 g of plant sample, respectively. Elements like carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulphur contents were 38.18%, 5.67%, 2.23% and 0.51%, respectively. Heavy metal profile of the tested plant was within the permissible limits of the regulatory authorities. Conclusions: Hence the present physicochemical and elements studies reveals that the plant Hydrocotyle javanica Thunb. could be a potent source of herbal preparation as well as a safe and novel synthetic antibacterial drug

Status of circulating immune complexes, IL8 titers and cryoglobulins in patients with dengue infection

719-725Dengue, a serious viral infection caused by the mosquito vector, Aedes aegyptii, affects about 390 million people annually from more than 125 countries across the globe. However, until now, there is no reliable clinical or laboratory indicator to accurately predict the development of dengue severity. Here, we explored critical pathophysiological determinants like IL8, circulating immune complex (CIC) and cryoglobulin in dengue-infected patients for identification of novel dengue severity biomarker(s). Totally, 100 clinically suspected dengue cases were tested by NS1 ELISA and MAC ELISA for dengue virus aetiology. For control, 49 healthy volunteers were included. Blood profiling (complete hemogram and liver function test) of patient population were done using automated cell counter and standard auto analyzer based biochemical analysis. Serum CIC was quantified by PEG precipitation. Serum cryoglobulins were estimated by Folin assay. Levels of serum IL-8 were assessed by standard sandwich ELISA kits. Patient CIC were further characterized by SDS Gel electrophoresis. Forty per cent of the cases tested positive, of which 11 patients had severe clinical manifestation. The mean ±SEM of cryoglobulin concentration for DHF, DF, and HC were 1.30±0.31, 0.59±0.08 and 0.143±0.009 μg/μl, respectively. Thus, DHF and DF patients have shown 9- and 2.2-fold increase in cryoglobulin levels; and 18- and 5-fold increased CIC, respectively compared to HC patients. The mean ±SEM of CIC-PEG index for DHF, DF and HC were 491±41.22, 146±14.19 and 27.98±2.56, respectively. Raised levels of IL8 titers were also found in all 11 DHF patients. Peak levels of CIC, cryoglobulin and IL8 titers were associated with thrombocytopenia. SDS PAGE analysis of CIC from DHF revealed the presence of at least six protein bands that were not observed in samples from DF and HC. Prediction efficacy of IL8, CIC and cryoglobulin for DHF was determined using the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC). The area under the curve was 1.00 for IL8, 0.99 for CIC and 0.74 for cryoglobulins. Overall, the results suggest that CIC, IL-8 and cryoglobulins may serve as important laboratory parameters to monitor dengue infection progression. </span