The influence of fertilizers and biostimulators on the quality and quantity production of winter wheat

In 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 crop years an experience took place at the Ezăreni-Iaşi farm in where it was intended measured the effect of chemical fertilizer and biostimulators on yield and protein content on winter wheat grain, Boema variety. On average for the two agricultural years, first place it was occupied by fertilized with N90P90K90 variant, which to obtained 6588 kg/ha, followed by dose N60P60K60 with 6524 kg / ha, the differences from unfertilized variant being very significant. Applying BCO 4K biostimulator, the production growth was only 24 kg/ha, and to the BCO2K biostimulator application, decreased by 129 kg/ha, the differences were not statistically assured. The influence of fertilization on the protein content averaged over the two years highlight, the dose of N160P90K90, at which the protein content of wheat grain was 14.5%. It can be observed that increasing the doses of applied fertilizers, can be increase the protein content of grain

The yield of varieties winter wheat grown under enviromental conditions of Moldavian Plain

In the environmental conditions of the SCDA Podu Iloaiei, have experienced 12 varieties of winter wheat in 2005-2008 in order to find the most productive for area. The research results for crop years 2005-2006 and 2007-2008 are presented, 2006-2007 crop year was very dry, the results can not be taken into account. In the crop year 2005-2006, the highest production was obtained to Beti variety of 8842 kg/ha followed by variety Iaşi 2, with 8239 kg / ha. The two varieties have obtained very significant differences against the experience average. In the crop year 2007-2008 the highest production was obtained to Faur variety ,with 9990 kg / ha followed by Flamura 85 variety with 9879 kg / ha and Izvor variety with 9585 kg / ha, differences being very significant against the experience average

The influence of fertilization and variety on winter wheat production

In the environmental conditions of years 2005-2009, on a chernozem soil from SCDA Podu Iloaiei have done research on the 12 varieties of wheat , on three levels of fertilization: N0P0K0; N60P80K80 and N120P80K80. In the average on three years, the influence of the interaction between the two factors was manifested by the highest grain production, 8570 kg / ha in variant N120P80K80 x Faur variety,with a very significant difference from control variant (N0P0K0 x Gabriela variety) who obtained 5586.7 kg / ha. Analyzing the influence factors, have found these: the dose of fertilizer N120P80K80 came in first place with a production of 8123.7 kg / ha, with 26.18% higher than the control variant (N0P0K0). Faur variety was the most productive with 7853.7 kg / ha, with 24.06% higher than the control variant, Gabriela variety, with 6330.7 kg / ha

Influence of foliar fertilisers on biochemical and physiological properties in Nepeta racemosa Lam.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate some elements of physiology and biochemistry in Nepeta racemosa Lam. in the pedo-climatic conditions of the Moldavian forest steppe. The parameters were quantified under conditions of differentiated fertilisation with three foliar products (KSC 1, KSC 2, and Corona K). Biochemical analysis by GC/MS revealed the highest concentration of the following components: nepetallic acid (Untreat - 54.33%, KSC 1 - 55.50%, KSC 2 - 56.90%, Corona K - 53.77), eucalyptol (Untreat . 9.87%, KSC 1 - 10.70%, KSC 2- 12.80%, Corona K - 10.78%), 3-hydroxy- (4S, 4aS, 7S, 7aS)-dihydronepetalactone (Untreat - 5.87%, KSC 1 - 5.37%, KSC 2 - 4.87, Corona K - 3.67%), and (4aS, 7S, 7aS)-trans, cis-nepetalactone (Untreat - 4.30%, KSC 1 - 5.00%, KSC 2 - 4.20%, Corona K - 5.23%). Polyphenols were present in large quantities in the Corona K variant, with 33.1 mg GA/g dw at the first harvest and 27.88 mg GA/g dw at the second harvest. The highest concentration of flavonoids was identified in the Corona K variant (26.34 mg QE/g dw - first harvest and 56.77 mg QE/g dw - second harvest). The antioxidant activity was between 14.76 and 38.54% at the first harvest, and from 12.18 to 22.95% at the second harvest. Chlorophyll pigments ranged from 13.12- 17.68 μg/ml-1 for chlorophyll a, 5.43-9.66 μg/ml-1 for chlorophyll b, and 2.07-3.34 μg/ml-1 for carotenoids. The highest grass production per m2 was achieved in the version fertilised with KSC 1 for both crops, with 986.66 g/m2 for the first harvest and 861.33 g/m2 for the second. Iridoids are a class of substances that are commonly used for pesticide role. The study aims to highlight these substances and determine whether differentiated fertilization influences. The presented data confirm the results in the literature for polyphenols and flavonoids, but also present chemotypic novelties in terms of chemical composition and represent a direction to follow for future research

Studies regarding the influence of some phenotypic parameters on raw material’s quality of different genotypes from Mentha genus

Peppermint (Mentha sp.) is one of the most cultivated medicinal plant worldwide due to its diverse range of products in which it can be used. The main natural product (Herba Menthae) is used in pharmaceutical industry, as an additive and flavor in food industry and the extracted essential oil is used in numerous cosmetic and selfcare products. This study’s purpose is to quantify a series of biometrical and physiological elements of some species which pertain to Mentha genus from USAMV’s “Collection of Medicinal Plants”, which influence the raw material’s quality and the quantity of essential oils. The studied mint species are Mentha viridis var. crispata (Schrod) Beck Ecotype 2, Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson Ecotype 2, Mentha spicata var. viridis L., Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson Ecotip 1, Mentha viridis var. crispata (Schrod) Beck Ecotype 1. The study followed the influence of the leaf surface, the content of chlorophyll pigments, but also the total leaf number on the production of volatile oil. Being a very important parameter in the reception and estimation of needed quantity of raw material, drying efficiency was determined for each cultivar. The highest amount of volatile oil was obtained from two ecotypes of the Mentha viridis var. crispata (Schrod) Beck species, in a percentage of 0.54% and 0.58%, and the lowest amount from Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson Ecotype 2. The results are showing that the quantity of volatile oil is influenced by the leaf surface, especially by the basal leaves. It is being proved that the amount of the volatile oil is influenced by the leaf surface, its placement and the chlorophyll pigments content and the cultivar factor, in the same environmental conditions

Research on the optimization of the industrial hemp cultivation technology for the full use of biomass

The main purpose of the research was to identify the optimal technology for cultivating industrial hemp, so that the obtained biomass can be fully processed at the farm level, without special equipment in this regard. The variety used in the experiment was Zenit, created by the Agricultural Research and Development Station Secuieni, Neamt county. Within the cultivation technology, three technological variants were tested: uncut plants, plants cut once and plants cut twice ("Secuieni" method of hemp cultivation). The optimal technological variant for the full use of hemp biomass was the cultivation technology with a single cut, where the production of grains and biomass ensured the best economic efficiency of the hemp culture

The impact of salinity stress on antioxidant response and bioactive compounds of Nepeta cataria L.

In this study, the ability of Nepeta cataria L. to grow and synthesize bioactive compounds on soil treated with different salt concentrations was tested to evaluate the opportunity of cultivating it in soils affected by salinization. N. cataria L. was grown in soil containing specific amounts of NaCl, Na2SO4, and their mixture. After harvesting, the plants were analyzed from the morphological and physiological point of view. Salinity stress inhibited the growth, with the highest decrease of the plant yield up to about 70% in the case of salt mixture, and smaller values for the separate salt treatments. In the same time, as a defense mechanism, there was an increase of granular trichomes’ density, as observed with the scanning electron microscope. For mild concentrations of salt, the amount of chlorophyll pigments was enhanced, while for stronger salinity stress, it decreased. The opposite behavior was evidenced for the polyphenol content, as antioxidant activity was used as a protective mechanism against reactive oxygen species produced under salinity stress. The antioxidant activity was considerably higher for separate NaCl and Na2SO4 treatments than for the salt mixture variants. The results showed that the species Nepeta cataria L. reacts well to high salinity levels, with an increased content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity even for the highest studied salinity conditions

Salinity Stress Influences the Main Biochemical Parameters of Nepeta racemosa Lam.

In this work, the effects of salt stress on Nepeta racemosa Lam. were studied to analyze the possibility of using it as a potential culture for salinity-affected soils. A total of nine concentrations of salts—NaCl (18, 39, and 60 mg/100 g soil), Na2SO4 (50, 85, and 120 mg/100 g soil), and a mixture (9 g NaCl + 25 g Na2SO4, 19 g NaCl + 43 g Na2SO4, and 30 g NaCl + 60 g Na2SO4/100 g soil)—simulated real salinity conditions. Environmental electron microscopy offered information about the size and distribution of glandular trichomes, which are very important structures that contain bioactive compounds. The chlorophyll pigments, polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were determined based on spectrophotometric protocols. The results have shown a different impact of salinity depending on the salt type, with an increase in bioactive compound concentrations in some cases. The highest polyphenol concentrations were obtained for Na2SO4 variants (47.05 and 46.48 mg GA/g dw for the highest salt concentration in the first and second year, respectively), while the highest flavonoid content was found for the salt mixtures (42.77 and 39.89 mg QE/g dw for the highest concentrations of salt in the first and, respectively, the second year), approximately 100% higher than control. From the Pearson analysis, strong correlations were found between chlorophyll pigments (up to 0.93), antioxidant activity and yield for the first harvest (up to 0.38), and antioxidant activity and flavonoid content for the second harvest (up to 0.95). The results indicate the possibility of growing the studied plants in salt-stress soils, obtaining higher concentrations of bioactive compounds

Researchers on the behavior of sugar beet hybrids in the pedoclimatic conditions of the Central Plateau of Moldova

The main purpose of the research was to test the productive and qualitative potential of 36 sugar beet hybrids from four international suppliers. The research was carried out in 2021, in two farms with high-performance plant cultivation technologies: Agricola 96 from Tiganasi, Iasi county (irrigated regime) and Agri Farm Ltd. from Balanesti, Neamt county (non-irrigated regime). The maximum biological sugar production in the irrigated system was 11.15 to/ha (hybrid Fiammeta), and in the non-irrigated system 12.20 to/ha hybrid Borjana). Knowing the productive and qualitative potential of sugar beet hybrids depending on the local pedoclimatic conditions, is a basic requirement in choosing the palette of hybrids that will be cultivated in the following years

Evaluation of the Antibacterial Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Pullulan Scaffolds Loaded with <i>Nepeta racemosa</i> Lam. Essential Oil and Perspectives for Possible Applications

Essential oil of Nepeta racemosa Lam. was extracted and characterized to determine its antimicrobial activity and potential use in applications. The essential oil was loaded on polyvinyl alcohol-pullulan films and gels and characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and UV-Vis spectroscopy before having its antimicrobial capacities assessed. The essential oil extracted from Nepeta racemosa Lam. was characterized using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy, which indicated that the most abundant component was nepetalic acid (55.5%), followed by eucalyptol (10.7%) and other compounds with concentrations of about 5% or less. The essential oil, as well as the loaded films and gels, exhibited good antibacterial activity on both gram-positive and gram-negative strains, with growth inhibition zones larger in some cases than for gentamicin, indicating excellent premises for using these essential-oil-loaded materials for applications in the food industry or biomedicine