Archive, city and family: the family archives as documentary heritage of the Municipality of Niterói-RJ

O projeto “Arquivo, Cidade e Família: o arquivo de família como patrimônio documental do Município de Niterói-RJ” é um estudo sobre o arquivo de família como um campo específico dos arquivos privados de interesse público no contexto das políticas de preservação do patrimônio documental e da história local, que tem por objetivo geral elaborar diretrizes metodológicas para identificação e uso de documentos de arquivo de família para o Arquivo Público Municipal de Niterói. É uma pesquisa de pós-doutorado sênior, desenvolvida com bolsa Pós-doutorado Sêniorda Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, no Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação da Universidade Federal Fluminense, sob a supervisão da Profa.Dra. Ana Célia Rodrigues, com a colaboração do Prof. Dr. Carlos Guardado da Silva, da Universidade de Lisboa, e integra a produção do Grupo de Pesquisa Gênese Documental Arquivística, da Universidade Federal Fluminense, cadastrado no Diretório de Grupos de Pesquisa do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico. Busca-se contribuir para uma melhor reflexão sobre a pertinência do método da identificação arquivística, como método de pesquisa científica para o estudo do produtor e da tipologia documental acumulada, aplicado aos arquivos de família, bem como sobre os usos de documentos privados para a memória social, valorizando as trajetórias individuais como um patrimônio importante para a história dos municípios, em suas dimensões sociais, culturais e políticas.El proyecto "Archivo, Ciudad y Familia: el archivo familiar como patrimonio documental del Ayuntamiento de Niterói-RJ" es un estudio del archivo familiar como campo específico de los archivos privados de interés público en el contexto de las políticas de preservación del patrimonio documental y de la historia local, cuyo objetivo general es desarrollar directrices metodológicas para la identificación y uso de documentos de archivo familiar para el Archivo Público del Ayuntamiento de Niterói. Se trata de un proyecto de investigación postdoctoral senior, desarrollado con una beca Postdoctoral Senior de la Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, en el Programa de Postgrado en Ciencia de la Información de la Universidade Federal Fluminense, bajo la supervisión de la Prof. Dra. Ana Célia Rodrigues, con la colaboración del Prof. Dr. Carlos Guardado da Silva, de la Universidad de Lisboa, y forma parte de la producción del Grupo de Investigación Génesis Documental Archivística, de la Universidade Federal Fluminense, registrado en el Directorio de Grupos de Investigación del Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico. El objetivo es contribuir a una mejor reflexión sobre la relevancia del método de identificación archivística como método de investigación científica para el estudio de la entidad productora y del tipo de documento acumulado, aplicado a los archivos familiares, así como sobre los usos de los documentos privados para la memoria social, valorando las trayectorias individuales como un importante activo para la historia de los municipios en sus dimensiones social, cultural y política.The project "Archives, City and Family: the family archives as documentary heritage of the Municipality of Niterói-RJ" is a study on the family archives as a specific field of private archives of public interest in the context of policies for the preservation of documentary heritage and local history, whose general objective is to develop methodological guidelines for the identification and use of family archives documents for the Municipal Public Archives of Niterói. It is a senior post-doctoral research project, developed with a Senior Postdoctoral grant from Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, in the Graduate Program in Information Science at the Fluminense Federal University, under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Ana Célia Rodrigues, with the collaboration of Prof. Dr. Carlos Guardado da Silva, from the University of Lisbon, and is part of the production of the Archival Documentary Genesis Research Group, Fluminense Federal University, registered in the Directory of Research Groups of Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico. The aim is to contribute to a better reflection on the relevance of the archival identification method, as a scientific research method for the study of the producer and the type of document accumulated, applied to family archives, as well as about the uses of private documents for social memory, valuing individual trajectories as an important heritage for the history of municipalities, in their social, cultural, and political dimensions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O efeito da escuta terapêutica na ansiedade e medos de pacientes cirúrgicos: ensaio clínico aleatorizado

Objetivo: Investigar o efeito da escuta terapêutica sobre a ansiedade estado e os medos relacionados à cirurgia em pacientes no pré-operatório de cirurgia de câncer colorretal. Método: Ensaio clínico, aleatorizado e controlado, realizado com 50 pacientes que foram aleatoriamente designados para o grupo intervenção (escuta terapêutica) (n=25) ou para o grupo controle (n=25). O estudo avaliou as mudanças nos níveis de ansiedade das variáveis ansiedade estado, medos relacionados à cirurgia e variáveis fisiológicas (alfa-amilase salivar, cortisol salivar, frequência de pulso, frequência respiratória e pressão arterial). Resultados: Na comparação das variáveis nos grupos controle e intervenção nos momentos pré e pós-intervenção, constataramse diferenças entre os momentos no grupo controle para as variáveis cortisol (p=0,043), frequência de pulso (p=0,034) e medos relacionados à cirurgia (p=0,030), com redução dos valores dessas variáveis. Conclusão: Não houve redução nos níveis das variáveis ansiedade estado e medos relacionados à cirurgia decorrente da realização da escuta terapêutica, seja por meio dos indicadores fisiológicos ou psicológicos. Contudo, o acolhimento dado pela pesquisadora na coleta de dados, sem estímulo reflexivo à situação, pode ter gerado os resultados do grupo controle. Registro de Ensaio Clínico: NCT02455128.To investigate the effect of therapeutic listening on state anxiety and surgical fears in preoperative colorectal cancer patients. Method: A randomized controlled trial with 50 patients randomly allocated in the intervention group (therapeutic listening) (n = 25) or in the control group (n = 25). The study evaluated the changes in the variables state anxiety, surgical fears and physiological variables (salivary alpha-amylase, salivary cortisol, heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure). Results: In the comparison of the variables in the control and intervention groups in pre- and post-intervention, differences between the two periods for the variables cortisol (p=0.043), heart rate (p=0.034) and surgical fears (p=0.030) were found in the control group, which presented reduction in the values of these variables. Conclusion: There was no reduction in the levels of the variables state anxiety and surgical fears resulting from the therapeutic listening intervention, either through the physiological or psychological indicators. However, the contact with the researcher during data collection, without stimulus to reflect on the situation, may have generated the results of the control group. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02455128.Objetivo: Investigar el efecto de la escucha terapéutica sobre la ansiedad-estado y los miedos de pacientes relativos a la cirugía de cáncer colorrectal en el preoperatorio. Método: Se trata de un ensayo clínico, aleatorizado y controlado, realizado entre 50 pacientes designados aleatoriamente para el grupo intervención (escucha terapéutica) (n=25) o para el grupo control (n=25). El estudio evaluó los cambios en los niveles de ansiedad de las variables ansiedadestado, miedos relativos a la cirugía y variables fisiológicas (alfa-amilasa salival, cortisol salival, frecuencia cardiaca, frecuencia respiratoria y presión arterial). Resultados: Al comparar las variables entre los grupos control e intervención en los momentos pre y post-intervención, se constataron diferencias en el grupo control para las variables cortisol (p=0,043), frecuencia cardiaca (p=0,034) y miedos relacionados a la cirugía (p=0,030), con reducción de los valores de esas variables. Conclusión: No hubo reducción en los niveles de las variables ansiedadestado y miedos relacionados a la cirugía derivado de la realización de la escucha terapéutica, ya sea mediante indicadores fisiológicos o psicológicos. Sin embargo, la acogida propiciada por la investigadora en la colecta de datos, sin estímulo reflexivo a la situación, podría haber generado los resultados del grupo control. Registro de Ensayo Clínico: NCT02455128

Escala para Avaliação de Náuseas e Vômitos Relacionados à Quimioterapia: Tradução e Adaptação Transcultural

Introdução: Náuseas e vômitos induzidos por quimioterapia acometem cerca de 70-80% dos pacientes com câncer. Assim, é importante a utilização de um instrumento para avaliar melhor esses sintomas, visando a um tratamento mais adequado. Objetivo: Traduzir e adaptar culturalmente a escala Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis para o contexto brasileiro. Método: Estudo correlacional do tipo survey, com tradução e adaptação cultural da escala segundo o protocolo da European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer – Quality of Life Group (EORTC-QLG). A amostra foi constituída por 160 pacientes em tratamento quimioterápico em uma clínica de oncologia. No processo de validação, realizaram-se análises de correlação multimétodos entre os itens da escala Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis e os escores das escalas visuais numéricas de náusea e vômito com nível de p<0,05. Resultados: O autor da escala autorizou a tradução. A escala Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis e as escalas numéricas apresentaram correlações significativas (p<0,01; p<0,05), sendo que os itens que apresentaram correlação mais forte das escalas numéricas foram os que se referiram à avaliação de náusea e vômito pós-quimioterapia. Já os itens destinados à avaliação desses sintomas no momento pré-quimioterapia e ao uso da medicação antiemética e sua eficácia apresentaram associações fracas com as escalas numéricas. Conclusão: A escala Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis apresentou-se adequada para a avaliação de náuseas e vômitos induzidos por quimioterapia no contexto brasileiro

Contributions of mean and shape of blood pressure distribution to worldwide trends and variations in raised blood pressure: A pooled analysis of 1018 population-based measurement studies with 88.6 million participants

© The Author(s) 2018. Background: Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hypertensive population). Our aim was to quantify the contributions of these two phenomena to the worldwide trends in the prevalence of raised blood pressure. Methods: We pooled 1018 population-based studies with blood pressure measurements on 88.6 million participants from 1985 to 2016. We first calculated mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and prevalence of raised blood pressure by sex and 10-year age group from 20-29 years to 70-79 years in each study, taking into account complex survey design and survey sample weights, where relevant. We used a linear mixed effect model to quantify the association between (probittransformed) prevalence of raised blood pressure and age-group- and sex-specific mean blood pressure. We calculated the contributions of change in mean SBP and DBP, and of change in the prevalence-mean association, to the change in prevalence of raised blood pressure. Results: In 2005-16, at the same level of population mean SBP and DBP, men and women in South Asia and in Central Asia, the Middle East and North Africa would have the highest prevalence of raised blood pressure, and men and women in the highincome Asia Pacific and high-income Western regions would have the lowest. In most region-sex-age groups where the prevalence of raised blood pressure declined, one half or more of the decline was due to the decline in mean blood pressure. Where prevalence of raised blood pressure has increased, the change was entirely driven by increasing mean blood pressure, offset partly by the change in the prevalence-mean association. Conclusions: Change in mean blood pressure is the main driver of the worldwide change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure, but change in the high-blood-pressure tail of the distribution has also contributed to the change in prevalence, especially in older age groups

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings

Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions

Palliative sedation at home: scoping review

This is a scope review study that aims to synthesize the evidence in the literature on the performance of palliative sedation in the home environment

Spiritual experiences associated with the use of psychedelics: an integrative review

Objetcive: to investigate what evidence is available in the literature on spiritual experiences associated with the use of psychedelic substances in healthy people or those affected by chronic or acute diseases/conditions

Roleplay as an educational strategy in palliative care: a systematic integrative review

Introduction: Simulation activities, such as roleplay, have become established in undergraduate and graduate education in several subjects of healthcare. The objective of this study was to synthesize the evidence available in the literature on the use of roleplay as an educational strategy in palliative care. Methods: Using the method proposed by Whittemore and Knafl, this integrative systematic review was carried out based on the following guiding question: “What is the available evidence in the literature on the use of roleplay as an educational strategy in the teaching of palliative care?” The databases used for the selection of articles were the following: Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and LILACS. There were no limitations regarding the year of publication or language. Results: The articles (n = 34) were grouped into 3 categories, according to the purpose of roleplay use: 1) Use of roleplay as an educational strategy to teach communication in palliative care; 2) Use of roleplay as an educational strategy to teach the communication of bad news, and 3) Use of roleplay as an educational strategy to teach end-of-life care. Conclusion: Roleplay has been employed in the teaching of palliative care in order to develop skills related to communication and to the provision of end-of-life care. These educational activities have mainly been directed to healthcare students and professionals. Future investigations should further evaluate the efficacy of this teaching strategy, based on studies with more robust designs that allow the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships