STATE, ECONOMY AND TOURISM - A POWERFULL RELATION

The complexity of tourism phenomenon, its social, cultural and economic implications, and the join of its elements needs to be taken into account by the governments, which understood that it can be obtained benefits from these activities. In theory and practice, one of the most important problems is the relation between state and economy. For two hundred years, Economics has been dominated by the controversy related to the economic role of the State, shaping a lot of theories. It is well-known the idea that the central pillars of Economics are Smith, Marx and Keynes. The first described the virtues of the liberal Economy, the second one described the contradictions that determined its fall in and asserted that it had to be replaced be economic planning, and the third one presented the solutions to avoid this fall in by the State intervention, in a managing economy.State; Economy; Tourism.

CITY IMAGE – AS TOURISM DESTINATION

Tourism is a competitive industry, even on a global scale. If access to a destination or attraction is too complicated, time consuming, expensive or not providing adequate capacity, even the most spectacular attraction will remain a secret to most tourists, as they will prefer competitive alternatives” (Smiths, 2003). And to continue this, it is considered that „that cultural differences and uniqueness are important if one wants cultural products to become a commercial success” (Lindenberg, 2004). When cultural tourists are looking to experiment or to improve their knowledge, the question is: “Which are the best strategies and practices to market that experience and knowledge for the cultural tourists” (Kantanen, 2005). This paper will be dedicated to presenting city tourist destinations, their marketing and market positioning, also to analyze the way in which potential customers’ perception is built and how the process can be influenced, and to analyze the way the tourist product is assembled.City, Tourism destination, Competitive advantage

THE ROLE OF URBAN MARKETING IN THE LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Urban marketing is an indispensable element within the strategies for economic development of the cities, contributing to the overall vision of the strategy. This helps cities to accomplish many objectives (attracting new national or international companies, consolidate industrial infrastructure, developing tourism, diversifying and improving transport and health services), while they have to maintain a certain level or to cut off public expenses, and to face the harsh competition to attract new investors. The biggest challenges for urban marketing are changes occurred in market structure and dynamics, which exceed the response capacity of the cities. The sole existence of a developed industrial infrastructure is not sufficient for a community to reach the development goals, marketing must create the image, the message to be conveyed to potential investors. Urban strategic marketing is the most adaptable and productive approach of the problems that the communities face. Urban marketing became an extremely important economic activity and, in some cases, the main source of local welfare. Inside clients – oriented marketing is not only a technical problem, of marketing technique, messages and targets, but also one defining the city development in terms of value system of the public.city development, urban strategy, city image, city identity

TOURISM'S CHANGING FACE: NEW AGE TOURISM VERSUS OLD TOURISM

Abstract: Times are changing and so are the demands and expectations of the 'new' traveller, the search for different experiences, different adventures, different lifestyles has paved the way for this concept called the 'new tourism' Attention is being turned to exploring new frontiers or daring to go where traditional thought did not allow. "New" tourists however, are increasingly being seen to be environmentally sensitive, displaying respect for the culture of host nations and looking to experience and learn rather than merely stand back and gaze. "New" tourists are participators not spectators. Things that would never appear on the list of the "mass" tourist such as adventure, getting of the beaten track and mingling with the locals are now the foundations of the new tourist experiences. Responding to the shift in market dynamics towards a "New" style of tourist, a number of initiatives have or are likely to fuel the growth of experiential tourism, these include: network tourism initiatives; the development of interpretive highways; the explosion of interpretive centers;the latest trend towards regional base camps. A new era has arrived, and a new kind of tourism is emerging, sustainable, environmentally and socially responsible, and characterized by flexibility and choice. A new type of tourist is driving it: more educated, experienced, independent, conservation-minded, respectful of cultures, and insistent on value for money. Typically these tourists are turning away from travel and prefer to have a high level of involvement in the organisation of their trip.

Quality of distribution in the european retail

After the second World War, the classic supermarket innovated with the introduction of self service. Since then the notions of „supermarket” and „self-service” have become synonymous in the mind of large sections of the population. The corner shops have, in the mean time, developed into modern points of sale, close to the consummer. The trade’s statistics show a constantly widening range of goods on offer: in 1958 an average store carried only 998 articles. In 1979 it already amounted to 3.997 items and in 2000 to 9.058 articles. The introduction of products requiring explanation was often supported by personnel from service deparments. The service-counter concepts complemented the self-service shelves. In some cases in recent years this has also developed into convenience isles.Retail trade; Concentration; Diversification; Vertical integration; Retail network.

Strategiile de patrundere pe pietele externe si importanta managementului bazat pe cunostinte in conditiile actualei crize economice globale

Abstract Current social and economic environment is in continuous change and transformation and adaptation to existing conditions are favourable, a painful adjustment to reflect loss of comparative advantage, particularly important for some communities. Global disruption which affected the whole economy in mid 2007 and then accelerated in 2008 and whose tentacles have spread and for 2009, would not have been possible without the rare coincidence of a series of setbacks and triggers on the market, some reflecting major imbalances in the global economy, others specific to the operation of sophisticated financial markets. The importance of foreign markets is even greater since most companies are engaged in a process of growth that requires them to find new business opportunities in other countries, as domestic markets mature. This paper highlights the priority role that knowledge management plays in foreign markets penetration problem in context of the internationalization of enterprises, in order to obtain the desired results.economic crisis, markets, strategy, knowledge

MANAGING THE VISITOR EXPERIENCE ON ROMANIAN RELIGIOUS SITES: MONASTERIES ABBOTS’ PERCEPTIONS

For thousands of years, people have been travelling to places considered sacred to meet or to worship Divinity. Religion-motivated tourism is extremely important in many parts of the world. The aim of this paper is to investigate the issue of the religious tourism experience for a religion considered to be conservative and traditionalist in relation to other denominations. In order to achieve this end we distinguish the behavioural characteristics and motivations of the religious sites’ visitors through the abbots’ gaze. The research method of this study is a questionnaire based survey among more than one hundred monasteries’ superiors from different regions of Romania, places known as “holy or sacred” destinations for the Romanian religious people.visitor experience, religious tourism, religious site management, Romanian monasteries

Evoluţii şi semnificaţii ale operaţiunilor de franchising pe plan naţional şi internaţional

The contents of this paper I will try to address all those interested in studying the system of franchising, both theoreticians and practitioners in this field to contribute to the progress of this system in our country. Franchising is a reality in motion which will write more, being on time to find a theoretical foundation able to provide solutions for all aspects and economic instruments involved a commercial phenomenon. Novelty apparent basis of: • importance and the complexity and variety of system franchise (franchise), but at the same time very interesting and appropriate, the pace with this growing vertical marketing system and contract in the world economy; • that specialized in Romanian literature is not enough work to deal with the franchise system as a whole broad issue of the whole system; • theoretical and practical knowledge in this area are generally poor in our country, for development imposed by the very nature deeply International franchise system; • deeply democratic franchise system in terms of organization, where relations between franchisors and franchisees are partnership firms having independent franchisees legal and financial part to ensure a more cooperative advantage superior to other systems in the world economy; • by expanding the franchise system existence and create new jobs, promoting and strengthening the middle class society of a country; • universal economic reality created the concept of globalization to achieve world number one organizational system. One of the major systems of vertical organization and service area is considered disposal and franchise system, widely practiced in contemporary economy; • this system can join with small steps between the pillars of economic and financial stability of the new millennium. The success of franchises is most dependent on one man: the franchisee, and to be successful is not enough that it will have the necessary knowledge to purchase a license and to build a franchise unit, to arrange and start businesses in within this unit. Franchisee must be dedicated to his work, it must have the desire and willingness to work hard and ability to remain motivated, ability to do business.franchising, business, evolution, strategy

Strategiile de patrundere pe pietele externe si importanta managementului bazat pe cunostinte in conditiile actualei crize economice globale

Abstract Current social and economic environment is in continuous change and transformation and adaptation to existing conditions are favourable, a painful adjustment to reflect loss of comparative advantage, particularly important for some communities. Global disruption which affected the whole economy in mid 2007 and then accelerated in 2008 and whose tentacles have spread and for 2009, would not have been possible without the rare coincidence of a series of setbacks and triggers on the market, some reflecting major imbalances in the global economy, others specific to the operation of sophisticated financial markets. The importance of foreign markets is even greater since most companies are engaged in a process of growth that requires them to find new business opportunities in other countries, as domestic markets mature. This paper highlights the priority role that knowledge management plays in foreign markets penetration problem in context of the internationalization of enterprises, in order to obtain the desired results

Strategiile de patrundere pe pietele externe si importanta managementului bazat pe cunostinte in conditiile actualei crize economice globale

Abstract Current social and economic environment is in continuous change and transformation and adaptation to existing conditions are favourable, a painful adjustment to reflect loss of comparative advantage, particularly important for some communities. Global disruption which affected the whole economy in mid 2007 and then accelerated in 2008 and whose tentacles have spread and for 2009, would not have been possible without the rare coincidence of a series of setbacks and triggers on the market, some reflecting major imbalances in the global economy, others specific to the operation of sophisticated financial markets. The importance of foreign markets is even greater since most companies are engaged in a process of growth that requires them to find new business opportunities in other countries, as domestic markets mature. This paper highlights the priority role that knowledge management plays in foreign markets penetration problem in context of the internationalization of enterprises, in order to obtain the desired results