PPAR α and PPAR γ Polymorphisms as risk factors for Dyslipidemia in a Chinese han population

BACKGROUND: The PPAR α and PPAR γ are the key messengers responsible for the translation of nutritional stimuli into changes for the expression of genes, particularly genes involved in lipid metabolism. However, the associations between PPAR α / γ polymorphisms and lipid serum levels in the general population were rarely studied, and the conclusions were conflicting. The objective was to investigate the associations of the PPAR α and PPAR γ polymorphisms with dyslipidemia. METHODS: 820 subjects were randomly selected from the Prevention of Multiple Metabolic Disorders and MS in Jiangsu Province cohort populations. The logistic regression model was used to examine the association between these polymorphisms and dyslipidemia. SNPstats was used to explore the haplotype association analyses. RESULTS: In the codominant and log-additive models, rs1800206, rs1805192 and rs3856806 were all associated with dyslipidemia (P < 0.005). When the most common haplotype L-G (established by rs1800206, rs4253778) was treated as the reference group, the V-G haplotype was associated with dyslipidemia (P < 0.001), higher TC and TG levels (P < 0.01). Moreover, when compared to Pro-C haplotype (established by rs1805192, rs3856806), the Pro-T, Ala-C, Ala-T haplotypes were associated with dyslipidemia (p < 0.001). A-T haplotype was associated with higher TC levels, (p < 0.01), and the P-T, A-C, A-T haplotypes were associated with higher TG levels (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: PPAR α and PPAR γ polymorphisms and haplotypes may be the genetic risk factors for dyslipidemia

Surgical management of 142 cases of split cord malformations associated with osseous divide

Objectives To investigate the key surgical points in treating split cord malformations associated with osseous divide and scoliosis (SCM-OD-S). Materials and methods The surgical options and methods of a total of 142 SCM-OD-S cases were retrospectively analyzed, and the surgical precautions and imaging diagnosis were also discussed. Results The 142 patients were performed osseous divide resection plus dural sac molding, which achieved good results and no serious complication such as spinal cord and nerve injury occurred; certain symptoms such as urination-defecation disorders, muscle strength subsidence, Pes Cavus, and toe movement disorder in partial patients achieved various degrees of relief, and it also created good conditions for next-step treatment against scoliosis. Conclusions The diagnosis of SCM-OD mainly depended on imaging inspection, routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with computed tomography (CT) 3D reconstruction, which can comprehensively evaluate the types and features of diastematomyelia as well as other concomitant diseases. SCM alone needed no treatment, but surgery will be the only means of treating SCM-OD. Intraoperatively removing osseous divide step-by-step, as well as carefully freeing the spinal cord and remodeling the dural sac, can lay good foundations for relieving tethered cord, improving neurological symptoms, and further scoliosis orthomorphia, thus particularly exhibiting importance for the growth and development of adolescents

The \ion{H}{I}-rich Ultra-diffuse Galaxies follow the Extended Schmidt Law

The \ion{H}{I}-rich ultra-diffuse galaxies (HUDGs) offer a unique case for studies of star formation laws (SFLs) as they host low star formation efficiency (SFE) and low-metallicity environments where gas is predominantly atomic. We collect a sample of six HUDGs in the field and investigate their location in the extended Schmidt law($\Sigma_{\text {SFR }} \propto \left(\Sigma_{\text{star}}^{0.5} \Sigma_{\text{gas}}\right)^{1.09}$). They are consistent with this relationship well (with deviations of only 1.1 sigma). Furthermore, we find that HUDGs follow the tight correlation between the hydrostatic pressure in the galaxy mid-plane and the quantity on the x-axis ($\rm log(\Sigma_{star}^{0.5}\Sigma_{gas})$) of the extended Schmidt law. This result indicates that these HUDGs can be self-regulated systems that reach the dynamical and thermal equilibrium. In this framework, the stellar gravity compresses the disk vertically and counteracts the gas pressure in the galaxy mid-plane to regulate the star formation as suggested by some theoretical models.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

Origin of Immediate Damping of Coherent Oscillations in Photoinduced Charge Density Wave Transition

In stark contrast to the conventional charge density wave (CDW) materials, the one-dimensional CDW on the In/Si(111) surface exhibits immediate damping of the CDW oscillation during the photoinduced phase transition. Here, by successfully reproducing the experimentally observed photoinduced CDW transition on the In/Si(111) surface by performing real-time time-dependent density functional theory (rt-TDDFT) simulations, we demonstrate that photoexcitation promotes valence electrons from Si substrate to empty surface bands composed primarily of the covalent p-p bonding states of the long In-In bonds, generating interatomic forces to shorten the long bonds and in turn drives coherently the structural transition. We illustrate that after the structural transition, the component of these surface bands occurs a switch among different covalent In bonds, causing a rotation of the interatomic forces by about {\pi}/6 and thus quickly damping the oscillations in feature CDW modes. These findings provide a deeper understanding of photoinduced phase transitions.Comment: 11 pages,3 figure