13 research outputs found
Fauna de hidrozoĂĄrios atecados (Hydrozoa, Anthoathecata) da costa do Estado do CearĂĄ, Brasil
Pinushydra chiquitita gen. et sp. nov. (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Athecata), a solitary marine mesopsammic polyp.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Pinushydra chiquitita gen. et sp. nov. (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Athecata), a solitary marine mesopsammic polyp.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
An extraction, analysis, and prioritization of Asna river sub-basins, based on geomorphometric parameters using geospatial tools
Competition and moral behavior: A meta-analysis of forty-five crowd-sourced experimental designs
Does competition affect moral behavior? This fundamental question has been debated among leading scholars for centuries, and more recently, it has been tested in experimental studies yielding a body of rather inconclusive empirical evidence. A potential source of ambivalent empirical results on the same hypothesis is design heterogeneityâvariation in true effect sizes across various reasonable experimental research protocols. To provide further evidence on whether competition affects moral behavior and to examine whether the generalizability of a single experimental study is jeopardized by design heterogeneity, we invited independent research teams to contribute experimental designs to a crowd-sourced project. In a large-scale online data collection, 18,123 experimental participants were randomly allocated to 45 randomly selected experimental designs out of 95 submitted designs. We find a small adverse effect of competition on moral behavior in a meta-analysis of the pooled data. The crowd-sourced design of our study allows for a clean identification and estimation of the variation in effect sizes above and beyond what could be expected due to sampling variance. We find substantial design heterogeneityâestimated to be about 1.6 times as large as the average standard error of effect size estimates of the 45 research designsâindicating that the informativeness and generalizability of results based on a single experimental design are limited. Drawing strong conclusions about the underlying hypotheses in the presence of substantive design heterogeneity requires moving toward much larger data collections on various experimental designs testing the same hypothesis