4,167 research outputs found
Involvement of autophagy in the effect of exercise on left ventricular hypertrophy induced by high fat diet in rats
Chaired Posters PresentationObjectives: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) associated with obesity
increases the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease, which could
be attenuated by exercise in overweight and hypertensive patients. The
lysosomal degradation pathway − autophagy is reportedly mediated the
beneficial effect of exercise on glucose and lipid homeostasis. The present
study aimed to investigate the involvement of autophagy in the effect of
exercise on LVH induced by high fat diet in rats.
Methods: Female adult SD rats were divided into 4 groups namely: (i) high
fat diet (HFD), (ii) HFD+exercise, (iii) exercise, (iv) control. Rats in the
HFD groups were orally fed with high-fat chow (30% fat) daily for 12 weeks,
and rats in the exercise groups had exercise with a motorized wheel in the
last 4 weeks. Noninvasive measures of systolic pressure and fat composition
were assessed, respectively by tail cuff and MRI. The expression of markers
for cardiac hypertrophy and the protein expression in autophagic pathway
were determined by quantitative real time-PCR and western blot, respectively.
Statistical significance was at p<0.05 with ANOVA analysis followed by
post-hoc tests.
Results: Rats fed with HFD had LVH (increased heart weight and LV/
RV+septum ratio) with higher levels of body weight, arterial pressures and
fat composition than that of the control rat. In addition, the QTc interval and
the diameter and disarray of ventricular myocytes were significantly
increased in the HFD group, supported by elevated levels of the expression
of hypertrophic markers (ANP, BNP, β-MHC). These parameters were
attenuated by exercise in the HFD-fed rats. Moreover, we found elevated
levels of LC3II in the HFD heart, which were also attenuated by exercise,
suggesting an involvement of autophagy in the beneficial effect of exercise.
Furthermore, the expression level of AMPKα was also increased in the
exercise groups.
Conclusion: We demonstrated that exercise lowers the body weight and
attenuates the HFD-induced LVH in rats, which probably involves autophagy.
Future studies will focus on the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis.published_or_final_versio
The role of cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 in fracture repair - implications for atrophic nonunion
Session - Clinical PerspectiveConference Theme: Bone Tissue EngineeringeCMVIII was dedicated to honour of Prof. Dr. med. D.Sc. (h.c.) Stephan M Perren a world-renowned research trauma surgeon for his endless work on bone research, teaching, advising, fostering ideas and mentoring of scientists.published_or_final_versio
Oxidative stress induced by intermittent hypoxia exacerbates lipid accumulation and inflammation in a cell model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Oral PresentationBackground/Aims: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is high
in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and NASH is a
progressive hallmark of the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Chronic intermittent
hypoxia is associated with recurrent episodes of oxygen desaturation and
reoxygenation in OSA patients, leading to excessive production of reactive
oxygen species (ROS). The causal link between OSA and NAFLD is not
known and the mechanistic effect of intermittent hypoxia (IH) on the
pathogenesis of NAFLD remains elusive. Here we tested the hypothesis that
IH-induced oxidative stress aggravates lipid accumulation and inflammation
induced by sodium palmitate in HepG2 cells.
Materials and Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with sodium palmitate
or vehicle under normoxia (Nx) or IH condition for 72 hours in the present
or absence of a ROS scavenger MnTBAP. Cell viability was detected by
MTT assay and intracellular lipid deposit was examined by oil red staining.
Lipid peroxidation was measured by malondialdehyde (MDA) assay and
levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by CM-H2DCFDA
staining. The expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α,
IL-6), fatty acid uptake-associated genes (caveolin-1 and FATP5), fatty acid
synthesis genes (SREBP1 and ACC1) and fatty acid β-oxidation gene ACOX
were determined by real-time PCR.
Results: Results showed that sodium palmitate increased lipid deposit in the
cells and it also decreased cell viability. The effect of sodium palmitate was
more prominent in the group co-treated with hypoxia. Levels of MDA and
ROS and the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and caveolin-1, but not
FATP5, were significantly increased in the palmitate- or hypoxia-treated
group and were remarkably elevated in the co-treated group. These effects
were abolished by MnTBAP treatment. In addition, levels of the expression
of ACOX, SREBP1 and ACC1 were significantly lowered in the cells treated
with palmitate or hypoxia and the expressions were much less in the cotreated
group. Treatment of MnTBAP prevented the decreased expression of
ACOX but had no effect on the SREBP1 and ACC1 expression.
Conclusion: IH-induced oxidative stress exacerbates lipid accumulation and
inflammation induced by sodium palmitate in HepG2 cells, probably mediated
by an increase in lipid uptake and a decrease in the fatty acid β-oxidation.published_or_final_versio
Differential functions of cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 in bone repair
Conference Theme: Spinal Motion Segment: From Basic Science to Clinical ApplicationPosterspublished_or_final_versio
Erratum: Vital Signs During the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Retrospective Analysis of 19,960 Participants in Wuhan and Four Nearby Capital Cities in China (Global Heart (2021) 16: 1 (47) DOI: 10.5334/gh.913)
This article details a correction to: Li J-W, Guo Y-T, Di Tanna GL, Neal B, Chen Y-D, Schutte AE. Vital Signs During the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Retrospective Analysis of 19,960 Participants in Wuhan and Four Nearby Capital Cities in China. Global Heart. 2021;16(1):47. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/gh.913. CORRECTION The original article was published without complete funding details. It listed one funder, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (H2501), National Key Research and Development Project of China (2018YFC2001200). There was another funder missing from the original article, the Chinese Military Health Care (20BJZ26). The originally listed funder covered expenses for enrolment and follow-up of patients, and the purchase and maintenance of necessary equipment. The second funder covered the costs of publication. COMPETING INTERESTS J.L. held an International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program China (20170103) during the course of this work. G. Tao has no disclosures. A.E. Schutte received speaker honoraria from Omron Healthcare, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, Servier, and serves on research advisory board for Abbott. She is President of the International Society of Hypertension, 2018-2020. G.L. Di Tanna has no disclosures. B. Neal is supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Principal Research Fellowship; holds a research grant for this study from Janssen; and has held research grants for other large-scale cardiovascular outcome trials from Roche, Servier, and Merck Schering Plough; and his institution has received consultancy, honoraria, or travel support for contributions he has made to advisory boards and/or the continuing medical education programs of Abbott, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and Servier. Y. Chen has no disclosures
Garlic-derived S-allylmercaptocysteine ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a rat model through inhibition of apoptosis and enhancing autophagy
published_or_final_versio
The iron-chelating drug M30 down-regulates carbon tetrachloride (CCI4)-induced hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in vitro
Topic: 2 Acute Liver FailureThis journal suppl. entitled: APASL Liver Week 2013BACKGROUND/AIMS: The novel multifunctional brain permeable ironchelator M30 possesses neuroprotective activities against several insults applicable to various neurodegenerative diseases. However, the effect of M30 on CCl4 induced acute liver damage is still unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the multifunctional drug M30 could ameliorate CCl4 induced hepatic injury in human HepG2 cell line. METHODS: HepG2 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with ...postprin
Intermittent hypoxia aggravates early pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is associated with recurrent episodes of oxygen desaturation and reoxygenation in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. The prevalence of OSA is high in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The mechanistic effect of CIH on the early pathogenesis of NAFLD remains elusive. Here we tested the hypothesis that IH aggravates oxidative stress and inflammation induced by high fat diet at an initial stage of pathogenesis ...postprin
Molecular Cloning and Sequence Analysis of a Novel P450 Gene Encoding CYP345D3 from the Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium castaneum
A novel cDNA clone encoding a cytochrome P450 gene has been isolated from the insecticide-susceptible strain of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). The nucleotide sequence of the clone, designated CYP345D3, was determined. The cDNA is 1554 bp in length and contains an open reading frame from base pairs 32 to 1513, encoding a protein of 493 amino acid residues and a predicted molecular weight of 57466 Daltons. The putative protein contains the classic heme-binding sequence motif FxxGxxxCxG (residues 430–439) conserved among all P450 enzymes as well as other characteristic motifs of the cytochrome P450s. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with other CYP members shows that CYP345D3 shares 91% identity with the previously published sequence of CYP345D1 from the T. castaneum genome project and the nucleotide sequence identity between them is less than 80%. Phylogenetic analysis of amino acid sequences from members of various P450 families indicated close phylogenetic relationship of CYP345D3 with CYP6 of other insects than those from mammals and amore distant relationship to P450 from other families. CYP345D3 was submitted to GenBank, accession number EU008544
Transcription, one allele at a time
A recent study presents a technique allowing one to image transcription from a single gene copy in live cells, and highlights the dynamic nature of transcriptional regulation
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