Three dimensional filamentary structures of a relativistic electron beam in Fast Ignition plasmas

The filamentary structures and associated electromagnetic fields of a relativistic electron beam have been studied by three dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations in the context of Fast Ignition fusion. The simulations explicitly include collisions in return plasma current and distinctly examine the effects of beam temperature and collisions on the growth of filamentary structures generated.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Physics of Plasma

Enhanced Photorefractivity in a Polymeric Composite Photosensitized with Carbon Nanotubes Grafted to a Photoconductive Polymer

We report on the photosensitization of photorefractive (PR) polymeric composites through the inclusion of multiwalled and singlewalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs), respectively, having poly(N -vinyl carbazole) (PVK) grafted to their surfaces. The PR nature of the holographic gratings was confirmed via the asymmetric exchange of energy in a two-beam-coupling (TBC) geometry, yielding TBC gain coefficients approaching 80 cm-1. In addition, in degenerate-four-wave- mixing experiments the prepared composites exhibited diffraction efficiencies as high as 60% and overmodulation voltages as low as ∼40 V/μm. These notable figures of merit indicate that the grafting of the PVK polymer to the various CNTs results in enhanced PR performance. The mechanism responsible for this enhancement in PR performance is investigated using a variety of experimental techniques

A Frame Work for Ensuring Security and Privacy of PHR’S

Creating procedures to safely store information crosswise over cloud is a quite interesting research topic of late. Distributed computing concentrates on amplifying the viability of the common assets and is advantageousfor putting away / recovery of enormous measure of information. Personal Health Records (PHRs) areconsidered to remain the long lasting property of patients and have to be displayable helpfully and safely to choose guardians. My PHR Machine is a patient driven framework that takes a new structural approach for PHR interoperability. Patients can upload their medical information and share through remote Virtual machine. We have made a study on methods to secure PHRs and discover open model of My PHR Machines for the utilization instance of a certifiable patient situation

An Efficient Information Extraction Mechanism with Page Ranking and a Classification Strategy based on Similarity Learning of Web Text Documents

Users have recently had more access to information thanks to the growth of the www information system. In these situations, search engines have developed into an essential tool for consumers to find information in a big space. The difficulty of handling this wealth of knowledge grows more difficult every day. Although search engines are crucial for information gathering, many of the results they offer are not required by the user because they are ranked according on user string matches. As a result, there were semantic disparities between the terms used in the user inquiry and the importance of catch phrases in the results. The problem of grouping relevant information into categories of related topics hasn't been solved. A Ranking Based Similarity Learning Approach and SVM based classification frame work of web text to estimate the semantic comparison between words to improve extraction of information is proposed in the work. The results of the experiment suggest improvisation in order to obtain better results by retrieving more relevant results

Clinical characteristics and associated factors of cerebral palsy in pediatric population: a tertiary care centre clinicoepidemiological study

Background: Although, a highly prevalent disease, the etiology of cerebral palsy is still poorly understood thereby eluding a definitive prevention strategy. Our study aimed to evaluate the etiological, clinical and prognostic factors associated with cerebral palsy in children of western Rajasthan. Methods: All cases of non-progressive neurological disorder in the age group of 6 months to 14 years were enrolled in the present study. Detailed assessment, CNS examination and related neuroimaging were performed. Statistical analysis was done by standard statistical methods. Results: Maximum number of patients in current study were in the age group of 1-3 years. In our study according to sex, 40 (66.67%) were males and 20 (33.33) were females. Most of the patient in the present study were spastic quadriplegic type (40%) followed by spastic diplegia in 20% cases. As per gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) grading, maximum number of cases were 16 (26.67%) from grade 4. The most common sequelae in cerebral palsy were speech delay in 49 (81.66%) patients. Cortical atrophy was the most commonly (71.73%) seen abnormality on neuroimaging with CT-scan. Conclusions: Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive CNS disorder which has a major physical as well as psychological effects on the children as well as their families. The present study highlights the importance of understanding epidemiological and etiological aspects of the disease in Indian scenario

UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF MEBEVERINE HYDROCHLORIDE AND CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE IN CAPSULES

Objective: To develop a simple and cheap UV spectrophotometric method for the simultaneous quantitative estimation of Mebeverine hydrochloride (135mg) and Chlordiazepoxide (5mg) in MEVA C Capsules and validate as per ICH guidelines. Methods: The optimized method uses a diluent 100% Triethylammonium phosphate buffer (pH 3.0) for the estimation of assay of Mebeverine hydrochloride and Chlordiazepoxide in Capsules which are analyzed at a detection wavelength of 260nm. Results: The developed method exhibited linearity in the range of 10-40μg/ml for Mebeverine hydrochloride and 2.5-10μg/ml for Chlordiazepoxide. The precision for Mebeverine hydrochloride and Chlordiazepoxide is exemplified by relative standard deviation of 0.499% and 1.75 respectively. Percentage Mean recovery for Mebeverine hydrochloride and Chlordiazepoxide were found to be in the range of 98â€102, during accuracy studies. The limit of detection (LOD) for Mebeverine hydrochloride and Chlordiazepoxide were found to be 321ng/ml and 3.7ng/ml respectively, while limit of quantitiation (LOQ) for Mebeverine hydrochloride and Chlordiazepoxide were found to be 973ng/ml and 11.2ng/ml respectively. Conclusion: A simple and a cheap UV spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantitative estimation of Mebeverine hydrochloride and Chlordiazepoxide in capsules as per ICH guidelines and hence it can be used for the routine analysis in various pharmaceutical industries

Functional outcome after autologous blood injection for tennis elbow

Background: Tennis elbow is one of most common conditions found in athletes involved in upper limb sports. It has been reported that local injection of autologous blood in tennis elbow offers significant benefit by providing the necessary cellular and humoral mediators to induce a healing cascade. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of autologous blood injection in the treatment of tennis elbow.Methods: 30 consecutive patients involved in upper limb sports and suffering from tennis elbow for more than 3 months duration not responsive to oral medication or other non-invasive treatment were given local injection of 2 ml autologous blood. Patients were assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and Nirschl scores before giving injection and at 1, 4, 8 and 12 weeks also at 6 and 9 months, repeat injection was given at 8 weeks if pain persisted.Results: After Autologous blood injection (ABI) at 4 weeks there is significant (P <0.001) decrease in VAS pain score and Nirschl score. Though VAS pain score and Nirschl stage continued to improve after 8 weeks, but statistically not significant.Conclusions: Autologous blood injection significantly improved clinical function and pain scores in patients with chronic tennis elbow who had previously undergone unsuccessful non-invasive treatment.

A comparative study of the Milch method and the Spaso method in the reduction of anterior dislocation of the shoulder

Background: The Milch and Spaso methods are used for reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation of the shoulder. This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of these two methods.Methods: Sixty patients with anterior glenohumeral dislocation were included in this study. 30 patients were reduced by each of the 2 methods and the efficacy and the pain experienced by the patient was studied.Results: Both methods were found to be equally efficacious. The pain felt by the patient was lower in the Milch method but this was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Both the Milch and the Spaso methods are equally effective methods for reduction of anterior dislocation of the shoulder

COMPARISION OF POTENCY OF PANCURONIUM ,VECURONIUM AND ATRACURIUM AGAINST THE ACETYLCHOLINE INDUCED CONTRACTION ON ISOLATED FROG RECTUS ABDOMINIS MUSCLE

Objective : To compare potency   of  pancuronium , vecuronium     and  atracurium   against the acetylcholine   induced   contraction on   isolated  rectus  abdominis muscle of frog. Material and Methods : In the present study  the  neuromuscular blocking  effect of  pancuronium, vecuronium and  atracurium was compared  by using acetylcholine as  standard on  the height  of   frog  rectus abdominus muscle  contraction. Results : Pancuronium , vecuronium and  atracurium in the doses of  0.06 mg/lit,  0.12 mg/lit,  0.25 mg/lit  produced  dose dependent   reduction  in the  amplitude  of contraction  of  acetylcholine  (32µg,  64 µg ,  128 µg, 256µg, 512µg). Conclusion : Among the three  neuromuscular blocking  agents pancuronium  appears equally potent  to  vecuronium as there is no statistically significant difference in half maximal inhibitory (IC50 ) values as compared to  half maximal inhibitory ( IC50 ) concentration value of  atracurium. Keywords :  Pancuronium, vecuronium,  atracurium ,  non depolarizing blocking drug

Comparison of multilevel inverters with T-type MLI: A brief review

This paper gives a comparative analysis of different types of Multilevel Inverters with T-Type inverters. The principal aim of the work is to analyse the T-type multilevel inverter operation with different multilevel inverters such as Diode-Clamped Multilevel Inverter, Flying Capacitor Multilevel Inverter and Cascaded H-bridge Multilevel Inverter. All the inverters are compared and their advantages, disadvantages and usages are specified. The inverter used in our work runs on the multilayer bidirectional DC-DC converter. This can be used in Renewable Energy Sources and Electric Vehicle applications. The proposed design includes two power switches with an additional capacitor to balance the currents of the multilayer T-type (MLI) capacitor during an entire drive pattern or fault circumstances. In this design, the big capacitors being electrolytic in T-type Multilevel Inverter has been exchanged with longer-lasting film capacitors due to the high-frequency cycle-by-cycle current security between CN and CP. The converter’s dimensions and weight would be lowered by 20% because of this topology, as the number of switches and the capacitors used for balancing is reduced in this proposed design. The simulation analysis for five-level conventional T-type inverter and proposed T-type inverter with capacitor voltage balancing is done. The line-to-line voltages, line currents, phase voltages, three-phase voltages, and voltage total harmonic distortions are compared for conventional T-type inverter and proposed T-type inverter with capacitor voltage balancing. The simulation results shows that the proposed T-type inverter gives better performance compared to conventional T-type multilevel inverter