Investigating Validation of Armey Curve Hypothesis for G7 Countries using ARDL Model

The effect of the government size on economic growth still keeps its unclear status despite the works in this field. According to the Armey Hypothesis (1995), which one of the studies developed for the volume of government size in economy, the increase in the public volume in economy will increase economic growth up to a certain level, and when the maximum level is reached, the increase in public volume will cause decreases in economic growth. In this study, the issues of whether the Armey Hypothesis is valid or not for G7 countries has been investigated, and the optimum public volume has been determined for G7 countries. In testing Armey Curve hypothesis, we use ARDL cointegration procedure. The results of empirical findings argue that the Armey Hypothesis is valid for US, and Canada, and France when it is invalid for other G7 countries

Investigating Validation of Armey Curve Hypothesis for G7 Countries using ARDL Model

The effect of the government size on economic growth still keeps its unclear status despite the works in this field. According to the Armey Hypothesis (1995), which one of the studies developed for the volume of government size in economy, the increase in the public volume in economy will increase economic growth up to a certain level, and when the maximum level is reached, the increase in public volume will cause decreases in economic growth. In this study, the issues of whether the Armey Hypothesis is valid or not for G7 countries has been investigated, and the optimum public volume has been determined for G7 countries. In testing Armey Curve hypothesis, we use ARDL cointegration procedure. The results of empirical findings argue that the Armey Hypothesis is valid for US, and Canada, and France when it is invalid for other G7 countries

Microcredit Practices in the Struggle Against Poverty in Turkey

DergiPark: 326245trakyasobedThe poverty issue, which often comes into question in recent years, has brought more the poverty issue, which often comes into question in recent years, has brought more intensive discussions on the methods regarding the struggle against poverty and on the mechanisms mitigating the consequences of poverty. Today, many countries are faced somewhat with poverty and therefore have to struggle with it. In this concept, microcredit stands out as one of the policies in the struggle against poverty. In this study, while giving a general perspective regarding the practices of the Bangladesh Grameen Bank which sets pattern to micro credit practices worldwide, micro credit practices in the struggle against poverty and generating employment in Turkey have been analyzed. This article aims to give a better understanding about micro credit polices and to generally analyze the level of poverty in Turkey in terms of microcredit potentialsSon yıllarda gündeme sık sık taşınan yoksulluk konusu yoksullukla mücadele yöntemlerinin ve yoksulluğun sonuçlarını hafifletici mekanizmaların daha yoğun tartışılmasını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Bugün birçok ülke şiddet derecesi ne olursa olsun az ya da çok bu sorun ile iç içe yaşamaktadır ve dolayısı ile yoksullukla mücadele etmek durumunda kalmaktadır. Mikrokredi yoksullukla mücadelede uygulanan politikalardan birisi olarak göze çarpmaktadır. Bu çalışmada dünya çapında mikrokredinin uygulanmasında örnek oluşturan Bangladeş Grameen Bank uygulamasına genel bir çerçeveden bakılarak, yoksullukla mücadelede ve istihdam yaratmada Türkiye’deki mikrokredi uygulamaları incelenmiştir. Bu yazı kapsamında mikrokredi politikalarının daha anlaşılır olması ve mikrokredi potansiyeli bakımından Türkiye’deki yoksulluğun hangi boyutta yaşandığının genel olarak analizinin yapılması amaçlanmıştı

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The presence of organophosphorus compounds (OPs) in the environmental counterparts has become an important problem because of their toxicity. In this study, the photocatalytic degradation reactions of the three OPs with hydroxyl radical were investigated by both experimental and quantum chemical methods. Photocatalytic degradation kinetics of the examined organophosphorus compounds were investigated under UV-A irradiation using TiO2 as the photocatalyst. The effects of the initial concentrations on the degradation rate have been examined. There was an observable loss of OPs in the presence of TiO2 photocatalyst under UV-A at 0.2 g TiO2 per 100 mL. The quantum chemical calculations have been carried out by the density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-31g(d) level. The reaction pathways were modelled to find the most probable mechanism for OPs with the OH radical and to determine the primary intermediates. The rate constants of the eight reaction paths were calculated by the transition state theory. Conductor-like polarizable continuum model (CPCM) was used as the solvation model with the intention of understanding the water effect. The theoretical results were in agreement with experimental ones. © 2021 Serbian Chemical Society. All rights reserved.18,164Acknowledgement. The authors of this research has greatfully acknowledgemented to financially support of Tekirdag Namık Kemal University Research Project with the project number of NKUBAP.01.GA.18.164

Crónica sobre el Congreso de la IVR "Dignidad, Democracia, Diversidad" - Lucerna, Suiza 2019

Entre los días 8 y 12 de julio de 2019 se celebró el Congreso de la IVR en la Universidad de Lucerna, Suiza, certamen mundial dedicado a la discusión y debate sobre diversos temas de la filosofía del derecho, la teoría del derecho, y la filosofía social. Por vez primera, además, el Congreso albergó un special workshop sobre (Legal) Animal Rights.Between July 8 and 12, 2019, the IVR Congress was held at the University of Lucerne, Switzerland, a world contest dedicated to the discussion and debate on various topics of the philosophy of law, the theory of law, and social philosophy. For the first time, in addition, the Congress hosted a special workshop on (Legal) Animal Rights

Effects of dapagliflozin on serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the effects of dapagliflozin, a sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, on serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods: A total of 40 patients with type 2 DM, who were followed up regularly in the Endocrinology and Metabolism Out-patient Clinic of State Hospital, were evaluated retrospectively. In these patients, dapagliflozin was added to their regular treatment for glycemic control. The patients’ anthropometric measurements, glycemic regulation status, and serum LDL cho-lesterol and triglyceride levels were retrieved from the system records. A statistical analysis of drug effects was performed using the repeated measures analysis of covariance test, keeping the effects of HbA1c and body mass index (BMI) covariates constant.Results: In addition to the improvement in fasting blood glucose levels, HbA1c, and body weight of the patients, a reduction by 10 mg/dL and 43.04 mg/dL was observed in serum LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels, respectively. The evaluation of BMI and HbA1c covariates together revealed a statistically significant reduction in triglyceride levels (p=0.032 and p=0.008, respectively).Conclusion: Besides glycemic control and weight loss, addition of dapagliflozin to the type 2 DM therapy is associated with an improvement in serum triglyceride levels, suggesting that together with other benefits, SGLT2 inhibitors appear to pro-vide an additional benefit of reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases

Eksenatidin aortik sertlik ve kan basıncı parametreleri üzerine etkisi

Amaç: Eksenatid ile insülin glarjinin sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncı, nabız basıncı ve aortik sertlik parametreleri üzerine etkinliğini değerlendirmek.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Başlangıçta en az 2 ay metformin tedavisi alan, insülin ve inkretin bazlı tedaviler için naif, vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) =25-45 kg/m2aralığında olan 34 tip 2 diyabetli hasta, glukagon like peptit-1 (GLP-1) analogu olan eksenatid ve insülin glarjin kollarına randomize edildi. 26 hafta boyunca izlendi. Aortik sertlik ölçümü transtorasik ekokardiogra? ve hemodinamik veriler kullanılarak hesaplandı.Vücut ağırlığı ve total vücut yağ kütlesi biyoimpedansla ölçüldü. Bulgular: Her iki çalışma kolunda sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncında anlamlı değişiklik görülmedi. Aortik serlik parametrelerine etkileri değerlendirildiğinde başlangıç ve sonuç değerlerinde anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmedi. Aortik sertlik ?-indeksi ile kilo değişimi arasında negatif(r=-0.322) ve aortik distansibilite ile kilo değişimi arasında pozitif korelasyon tespit edildi (r=0.386).Tartışma: Eksenatid ve insulin glarjin çalışma periyodu boyunca kan basıncı parametrelerine nötral etki göstermiştir. Eksenatid aortik sertlik parametrelerinde değişikliğe neden olmamıştır. 26 haftalık eksenatid tedavisi glisemik regülasyon yanında, vücut ağırlığı ve yağ kütlesikaybına neden olmaktadır. Vücut ağırlığı ve yağ kütlesi kaybı aortic sertlik belirteçlerine olumlu etmektedirPurpose: To evaluate the effects of exenatide and insulin glargine on systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, and aortic stiffness parameters. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four patients with type 2 diabetes who were receiving metformin treatment for at least two months but naivefor insulin and incretin based treatments, with body mass index (BMI) = 25-45 kg/m2, were randomized into exenatide a glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP–1) analog and insulin glargine arms and were followed for 26 weeks. Aortic stiffness parameters were calculated using transthoracic echocardiography and hemodynamic data. Body weight and total body fat mass were measured by bioimpedance analysis.Results: There was no signi?cant change in systolic and diastolic blood pressures in both arms. When the effects on aortic stiffness parameters were evaluated there was no signi?cant difference in the baseline and outcome values of both arms. Changes in body weight hada negative correlation with aortic stiffness ? index (r=–0.322) and a positive correlation with aortic distensibility (r=0.386). Discussion: Throughout the study period, exenatide and insulin glargine had a neutral effect on blood pressure parameters. Exenatide didnot cause any change in aortic stiffness parameters. A 26-week exenatide treatment leads to loss of body weight and fat mass along withglycemic regulation. Body weight and fat mass loss have a positive impact on aortic stiffness indicator

İzmit Merkez Camilerinde hat sanatı

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Dini mimarînin varoluşundan buna yana yapıların belli kısımlarında Hat (Yazı) Sanatı görülmektedir. Bu olgu yer aldığı toplumun kültürel durumuna göre de şekillenmiştir. Aslında insanlığın ilk devirlerinden itibaren topluluklar süslemeye yönelik çalışmalarda bulunmuşlardır. Bunlar kimi zaman görsel ihtiyaç, kimi zaman bir iletişim biçimi, kimi zaman da bir belge niteliği taşımıştır. Her ne amaçla olursa olsun yazı sanatı insanlar arasında zamanla bir ihtiyaç haline gelmiştir. Tarih boyunca da gelişim göstermiş, toplumların karakterini kimliğini toplumsal özelliklerini yansıtan ve ait oldukları ülkelerin kendine has özel duygularını zevk anlayışlarını biçimlendirerek ortaya konulmasını sağlamıştır. Türk Tarihinde ilk devirlerden Cumhuriyet dönemine kadar geçen süreçlerde Yazı sanatları sürekli gelişme göstermiş, çeşitli malzeme üzerlerinde ve mekânlardaki yüzeylerde vazgeçilmez oranlarda uygulanmıştır; halen de uygulanılmaya devam edilmektedir. ''İzmit Merkez Camilerinde Hat Sanatı'' adı ile ele alınan tez çalışmasında Yeni Cuma, Orhan, Hüseyin Paşa, Fevziye, İmaret, Veli Ahmet Zeytinlik, Yalı, Akça, Hacı Ayvaz, Tepecik, Dere ve Arabzade camilerinde bulunan yazılar sanatsal açıdan incelenilmiştir. Buna göre, yazıların mimarî yapı içlerindeki yerleri ile uyumu, dönem özellikleri ve üslûpsal olarak nitelikleri tespit edilerek Türk Hat Sanatı içerisindeki yeri ve önemi ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu suretle bu çalışma ile hat sanatının tarihsel gelişiminin bir kısmına ev sahipliği yapan İzmit merkez camilerinin günümüzde de hat sanatının varlığını sürdürdüğü belgelenmiş olunmaktadır.There are certain parts of the Art of Calligraphy from the existence of religious architecture. This fact is also shaped according to the cultural situation of the society. As a matter of fact, since the first periods of humanity, communities have worked to decorate from the first periods. These are quality which have sometimes visual needs, sometimes a form of communication, sometimes as a document. Whatsoever, the art of calligraphy has become a necessity among people. It's show that the art of calligraphy's developments throughout history, which reveals the character of societies by shaping the identity and the sense of pleasure of the countries in which they are responsible. In the Turkish history, from the first periods until the Republican period, the art of calligraphy showed developments, and it applied on indispensable areas on surfaces of various materials and places; is still being implemented. In this thesis study which is about ''Calligraphy in Izmit Central Mosques'' Yeni Cuma, Orhan, Hüseyin Paşa, Fevziye, İmaret, Veli Ahmet Zeytinlik, Yalı, Akça, Hacı Ayvaz, Tepecik, Dere and Arabzade Mosques which have calligraphy were examined in the artistic aspect. The harmony of the calligraphy with the places within the architectural structure, it has been established that characteristics of the period and features of styles and it is aimed to reveal that importance and situation in Turkish calligraphy. In this way with this study, it is documented that the central mosques of Izmit which has part of the historical development of Calligraphy today it is still subsist