Collaboration between Alternative Schools and School Education System: Understanding Current Situation and its Correlation with School Activities

本研究は、JSPS科研費17H06831による研究成果の一部である

Crystallization of Brownian particles in thin systems constrained by walls

Keeping formation of a colloidal crystal by a centrifugal force in mind, we carry out Brownian dynamics simulations in thin systems and study ordering of particles induced by an external force. During solidification, the two-dimensional ordering along walls initially occurs. Then, the ordered particles on the walls act as substrates, and crystallization proceeds into bulk. When the external force is weak, the close-packed face of the crystal structure is parallel to the bottom wall. The direction of the close-packed face depends on the strength of the external force: The close-packed face becomes parallel to the side walls with a strong external force

オルタナティブスクール ノ ゲンジョウ ト カダイ ゼンコク レベル ノ シツモンシ チョウサ ニ モトヅク ブンセキ カラ

学校教育法第一条で定める学校以外にも、多様な学びの場（以下「オルタナティブスクール」という）が存在することが、個々のオルタナティブスクールを対象とした質的調査から明らかになっている。しかし他方で、その全体像をとらえた量的調査は、菊地・永田（2000、2001）のみであり、それ以降行われていない。そのため、本稿ではオルタナティブスクールの全体を概観し、オルタナティブスクールの下位分類ごとの特徴について明らかにするために、全国のオルタナティブスクールに対する質問紙調査を行った。今回の調査から、（1）オルタナティブスクールは、社会を揺るがすような出来事や価値観の変動を受けて設立数が増加する傾向にあること、（2）オルタナティブスクールの半数程度が法制度上の位置づけを望んでいる一方、2 割あまりが法制度上に位置づけられることを望んでいないこと、（3）オルタナティブスクールの活動実態は一様ではなく、下位分類ごとにみると多様な特徴を有していること、の3 点が明らかになった。今後は、利用者に応じた多様な教育実践を柔軟に保障できる制度をいかに設計していくかが課題であるといえる。Recent qualitative research conducted in Japan has revealed that there are a variety of different kinds of alternative schools that stand outside the current legal educational system. On the other hand, quantitative research on alternative schools in Japan has not been conducted since the studies by Kikuchi and Nagata (2000, 2001). The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to provide a comprehensive survey of alternative schools in Japan in order to clarify their characteristics, based on a nationwide quantitative study of such schools. The findings of the study are as follows: (1) Alternative schools in Japan tend to increase in number under the impact of changes in social values associated with major events such as great earthquakes. (2) Half of the alternative schools in Japan prefer to be governed by current or new laws, while twenty percent of such schools do not wish to be governed by such laws. (3) It is possible to divide alternative schools in Japan into different kinds of groups that share common characteristics. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that a flexible educational system be designed that will be capable of offering various forms of alternative schooling in response to users’ different needs

榛名山で古墳時代に起こった渋川噴火の理学的年代決定

Radiocarbon wiggle matching method was applied for precise dating of a tephra which was designated as one of the important key beds for archaeology. The FA tephra is a pyroclastic deposit from the Shibukawa eruption of Haruna Volcano during the Kofun period of Japan. The age of FA has been investigated using archaeological remains and also historical records of Japan and China. It has been estimated roughly as early 6th century. Three tumbled logs were found being buried in the tephra whose thickness was about 4 m. The logs were cut in many groups with five tree rings and every two groups were sampled for C measurement. As these trees were thought to have the same age from the occurrence,all data were used for wiggle matching analysis. The age of the outermost tree ring group is determined as AD 491-500(AD 497/＋3/－6)

[研究報告] Ａ病院新人看護職員の１年間の看護技術の到達状況

Ａ病院の新人看護職員技術チェックリストは、厚生労働省新人看護職員ガイドライン「臨床実践能力の構造」に基づいている。今回、新人看護職員研修の到達目標検討の基礎資料とするために平成26年度の新人看護職員の技術の到達状況を調査した。その結果、日常生活の援助技術は、６か月間のうちに到達出来ていた。救急・救命処置技術の項目は、集合でのシミュレーション、部署での研修を実施しても、１年後の新人が、「できる、指導のもとできる」レベルではないと評価された。調査結果は、平成27年度の新人研修の工夫につなげることが出来た。Abstract：A Checklist for New Nursing Staff skills in Hospital (A) is based on the “Structure of Practical Clinical Ability,” following the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare’s guidelines for new nursing staff . In order to prepare the basic material to review the attainment objective of new nursing staff , we investigated the skill attainment status of new nursing staff for fiscal 2014. Consequently, it was found that the skills to support daily life were attained in the fi rst 6 months. As for items of critical care treatment, it was evaluated that new nurses, after one-year experience, were not at a level of “capable, or capable under instructions” even though group simulation and training at relevant sections were conducted. The investigation results contributed to ingenious planning for new staff training in fiscal 2015

Unusual C35 to C38 alkenones in mid-Holocene sediments from a restricted estuary (Charlotte Harbor, Florida)

Unusual C35 to C38 alkenones were identified in mid-Holocene (8-3.5kyr BP) sediments from a restricted estuary in southwest Florida (Charlotte Harbor). The distribution was dominated by a C36 diunsaturated (ω15,20) ethyl ketone, identical to the one present in Black Sea Unit 2 sediments. Other unus ual alkenones were tentatively assigned as a C35:2 (ω15,20) methyl ketone, a C37:2 (ω17,22) methyl ketone and a C38:2 (ω17,22) ethyl ketone. In late Holocene sediments<3.5kyr BP, the common C37 to C39 alkenones were found. Compound-specific 14C, 13C, and D isotope measurements were used to constrain the possible origin of the alkenones. Conventional radiocarbon ages of alkenones and higher plant-derived long chain n-alcohols indicated no significant difference in age between mid-Holocene alkenones and higher plant n-alcohols. Both alcohols and alkenones were offset vs. calibrated ages of shell fragments in the same sediment core, which suggests they were pre-aged by 500-800yr, implying resuspension and redistribution of the fine-grained sedimentary particles with which they are associated. The hydrogen isotopic (δD) composition (-190‰ to -200‰) of the C37 and C38 alkenones in the late Holocene sediments is in line with values for coastal haptophytes in brackish water. However, the unusual C36 and C38 alkenones from the mid Holocene sediments were enriched in D (by ca. 100‰) vs. the late Holocene alkenones. Also, δ13C values of mid-Holocene alkenones were consistently offset compared with late Holocene alkenones (-21‰ to -22‰ and -22‰ to -23‰, respectively). We suggest that the alkenones in Charlotte Harbor were produced by unknown alkenone-producing haptophyte