379 research outputs found
Color superconductivity in the static Einstein Universe
We study the behavior of quark and diquark condensates in dense quark matter
under the influence of a gravitational field adopting as a simple model the
static dimensional Einstein Universe. Calculations are performed in the
framework of the extended Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model at finite temperature and
quark density on the basis of the thermodynamic potential and the gap
equations. Quark and diquark condensates as functions of the chemical potential
and temperature at different values of the curvature have been studied. Phase
portraits of the system have been constructed
Gapless Color Superconductivity
We present the dispersion relations for quasiparticle excitations about the
color-flavor locked ground state of QCD at high baryon density. In the presence
of condensates which pair light and strange quarks there need not be an energy
gap in the quasiparticle spectrum. This raises the possibility of gapless color
superconductivity, with a Meissner effect but no minimum excitation energy.
Analysis within a toy model suggests that gapless color superconductivity may
occur only as a metastable phase.Comment: 4 pages, Revtex, eps figures include
Inhomogeneity driven by Higgs instability in gapless superconductor
The fluctuations of the Higgs and pseudo Nambu-Goldstone fields in the 2SC
phase with mismatched pairing are described in the nonlinear realization
framework of the gauged Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. In the gapless 2SC phase,
not only Nambu-Goldstone currents can be spontaneously generated, but the Higgs
field also exhibits instablity. The Nambu-Goldstone currents generation
indicates the formation of the single plane wave LOFF state and breaks rotation
symmetry, while the Higgs instability favors spatial inhomogeneity and breaks
translation invariance. In this paper, we focus on the Higgs instability which
has not drawn much attention yet. The Higgs instability cannot be removed
without a long range force, thus it persists in the gapless superfluidity and
induces phase separation. In the case of g2SC state, the Higgs instability can
only be partially removed by the electric Coulomb energy. However, it is not
excluded that the Higgs instability might be completely removed in the charge
neutral gCFL phase by the color Coulomb energy.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figure
Random matrix models for phase diagrams
We describe a random matrix approach that can provide generic and readily
soluble mean-field descriptions of the phase diagram for a variety of systems
ranging from QCD to high-T_c materials. Instead of working from specific
models, phase diagrams are constructed by averaging over the ensemble of
theories that possesses the relevant symmetries of the problem. Although
approximate in nature, this approach has a number of advantages. First, it can
be useful in distinguishing generic features from model-dependent details.
Second, it can help in understanding the `minimal' number of symmetry
constraints required to reproduce specific phase structures. Third, the
robustness of predictions can be checked with respect to variations in the
detailed description of the interactions. Finally, near critical points, random
matrix models bear strong similarities to Ginsburg-Landau theories with the
advantage of additional constraints inherited from the symmetries of the
underlying interaction. These constraints can be helpful in ruling out certain
topologies in the phase diagram. In this Key Issue, we illustrate the basic
structure of random matrix models, discuss their strengths and weaknesses, and
consider the kinds of system to which they can be applied.Comment: 29 pages, 2 figures, uses iopart.sty. Author's postprint versio
Gluonic phases, vector condensates, and exotic hadrons in dense QCD
We study the dynamics in phases with vector condensates of gluons (gluonic
phases) in dense two-flavor quark matter. These phases yield an example of
dynamics in which the Higgs mechanism is provided by condensates of gauge (or
gauge plus scalar) fields. Because vacuum expectation values of spatial
components of vector fields break the rotational symmetry, it is naturally to
have a spontaneous breakdown both of external and internal symmetries in this
case. In particular, by using the Ginzburg-Landau approach, we establish the
existence of a gluonic phase with both the rotational symmetry and the
electromagnetic U(1) being spontaneously broken. In other words, this phase
describes an anisotropic medium in which the color and electric
superconductivities coexist. It is shown that this phase corresponds to a
minimum of the Ginzburg-Landau potential and, unlike the two-flavor
superconducting (2SC) phase, it does not suffer from the chromomagnetic
instability. The dual (confinement) description of its dynamics is developed
and it is shown that there are light exotic vector hadrons in the spectrum,
some of which condense. Because most of the initial symmetries in this system
are spontaneously broken, its dynamics is very rich.Comment: 33 pages, RevTeX; v.2: Published PRD versio
Gapless phases of color-superconducting matter
We discuss gapless color superconductivity for neutral quark matter in beta
equilibrium at zero as well as at nonzero temperature. Basic properties of
gapless superconductors are reviewed. The current progress and the remaining
problems in the understanding of the phase diagram of strange quark matter are
discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures. Plenary talk at Strangeness in Quark Matter 2004
(SQM2004), Cape Town, South Africa, 15-20 September 2004. Minor correction
Thermodynamic Curvature of the BTZ Black Hole
Some thermodynamic properties of the Ba\~nados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black
hole are studied to get the effective dimension of its corresponding
statistical model. For this purpose, we make use of the geometrical approach to
the thermodynamics: Considering the black hole as a thermodynamic system with
two thermodynamic variables (the mass and the angular momemtum ), we
obtain two-dimensional Riemannian thermodynamic geometry described by positive
definite Ruppeiner metric. From the thermodynamic curvature we find that the
extremal limit is the critical point. The effective spatial dimension of the
statistical system corresponding to the near-extremal BTZ black holes is one.
Far from the extremal point, the effective dimension becomes less than one,
which leads to one possible speculation on the underlying structure for the
corresponding statistical model.Comment: 19 pages, LaTeX with revtex macro, 4 figures in eps file
Conformal Invariance and Degrees of Freedom in the QCD String
We demonstrate that the Hagedorn-like growth of the number of observed meson
states can be used to constrain the degrees of freedom of the underlying
effective QCD string. We find that the temperature relevant for such string
theories is not given by the usual Hagedorn value MeV, but is
considerably higher. This resolves an apparent conflict with the results from a
static quark-potential analysis, and suggests that conformal invariance and
modular invariance are indeed reflected in the hadronic spectrum. We also find
that the scalar string is in excellent agreement with data.Comment: 13 pages (Standard LaTeX); --> replaced version emphasizes new
results, and agrees with version to appear in Physical Review Letters (Jan
1994
Superfluid phase transition and strong-coupling effects in an ultracold Fermi gas with mass imbalance
We investigate the superfluid phase transition and effects of mass imbalance
in the BCS (Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer)-BEC (Bose-Einstein condensation)
crossover regime of an cold Fermi gas. We point out that the Gaussian
fluctuation theory developed by Nozi\`eres and Schmitt-Rink and the -matrix
theory, that are now widely used to study strong-coupling physics of cold Fermi
gases, give unphysical results in the presence of mass imbalance. To overcome
this problem, we extend the -matrix theory to include higher-order pairing
fluctuations. Using this, we examine how the mass imbalance affects the
superfluid phase transition. Since the mass imbalance is an important key in
various Fermi superfluids, such as K-Li Fermi gas mixture, exciton
condensate, and color superconductivity in a dense quark matter, our results
would be useful for the study of these recently developing superfluid systems.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of QFS-201
Microcanonical statistics of black holes and bootstrap condition
The microcanonical statistics of the Schwarzschild black holes as well as the
Reissner-Nordstrm black holes are analyzed. In both cases we set
up the inequalities in the microcanonical density of states.
These are then used to show that the most probable configuration in the gases
of black holes is that one black hole acquires all of the mass and all of the
charge at high energy limit. Thus the black holes obey the statistical
bootstrap condition and, in contrast to the other investigation, we see that
U(1) charge does not break the bootstrap property.Comment: 16 pages. late
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