Global production networks and small and medium enterprises (SMES): a public policy perspective on the Chilean agrofood sector

This thesis addresses the conditions of SMEs and working conditions in the Chilean agrofood sector. Especially in an economy with a high degree of trade openness as Chilean economy. The current state of debate is that is more controversial the apparent success of Chilean agrofood sector due to the existence of these fault lines. The upgrading theories are mainly narrow minded and do not consider the weakest part of the production chains. It is required accordingly, a broader look to these problems such that embodies these problems. It is a research based mainly in an approach of political economy. Within this context, this thesis explores the role of SMEs within the Chilean economy and, in particular, their participation within the Chilean economy's insertion into global agrofood production networks, with the aim of giving new insights into the debates over the role of industrial policy in developing countries (an economy based on natural resources). This research will contribute to developing recommendations for the use of public policy tools (rejuvenated industrial policy) in an effective way in relation to the development of SMEs in the agrofood sector. Also there is an urgent need for industrial policy to consider working conditions, training and the acquisition of skills in a much more explicit way, particularly in an economy that is heavily based on the exploitation of natural resources as in the Chilean case

Social Inclusion: The Higher Education Sector in Chile and in the United Kingdom

The Higher Education (HE) systems of Chile and the UK are compared in terms of the ‘massification’ (Altbach, 1989) and the relevance and adequacy of the private-public provision mix. Dissimilar, each country has tried to build social inclusion into HE outreach at the same time as allowing participation of the private sector. Also included in the research are a) the role of social capital as a positive contribution for the social and economic development; b) the current state of social inequality in access to HE; and c) an in-depth analysis of the implications of both state and private roles over social inclusion in HE. Outreach programmes from each country, the Propedeutico in Chile and Aimhigher in the UK, are also analysed for lessons learned

Effect on sodium-dependent CAMG-uptake obtained in hSGLT1 or hSGLT2 treated with thioglycosides (10 µM each) or phlorizin (10 µM)

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Thioglycosides as inhibitors of hSGLT1 and hSGLT2: Potential therapeutic agents for the control of hyperglycemia in diabetes"</p><p></p><p>International Journal of Medical Sciences 2007;4(3):131-139.</p><p>Published online 5 May 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1868657.</p><p>© Ivyspring International Publisher. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Reproduction is permitted for personal, noncommercial use, provided that the article is in whole, unmodified, and properly cited.</p> Results are expressed as percent of inhibition based on uptake in CHO cells expressing hSGLT1 or hSGLT2 not exposed to thioglycosides (control cells). Blue and red bars represent hSGLT1 and hSGLT2, respectively. Results are the mean of six different experiments. Error bars represents standard deviations. * < 0.01 shows significantly higher inhibition of sodium-dependent AMG uptake in treated cells as compared to control cells. Control uptake in CHO cells expressing hSGLT1 was 735 pmol/mg/h ± 22 pmol/mg/h and in CHO cells expressing hSGLT2 was 342 pmol/mg/h ± 15 pmol/mg/h

Changes in cell membrane potential induced by D-glucose, thioglycosides I and VII (10

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Thioglycosides as inhibitors of hSGLT1 and hSGLT2: Potential therapeutic agents for the control of hyperglycemia in diabetes"</p><p></p><p>International Journal of Medical Sciences 2007;4(3):131-139.</p><p>Published online 5 May 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1868657.</p><p>© Ivyspring International Publisher. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Reproduction is permitted for personal, noncommercial use, provided that the article is in whole, unmodified, and properly cited.</p> Blue and red bars represent hSGLT1 and hSGLT2, respectively. The change in FRET signal was normalized to the values obtained from non-transfected CHO cells (controls). Results are the mean of six different experiments. Error bars represents standard deviations. * < 0.01 shows significantly higher induction of cell membrane depolarization in treated cells as compared to control cells (not exposed to thioglycosides)

Correlation of sodium-dependent AMG-uptake to sugar-induced cell membrane depolarization is shown

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Thioglycosides as inhibitors of hSGLT1 and hSGLT2: Potential therapeutic agents for the control of hyperglycemia in diabetes"</p><p></p><p>International Journal of Medical Sciences 2007;4(3):131-139.</p><p>Published online 5 May 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1868657.</p><p>© Ivyspring International Publisher. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Reproduction is permitted for personal, noncommercial use, provided that the article is in whole, unmodified, and properly cited.</p> The correlation coefficient of 0.92 demonstrates a strong linear relationship between the two variables ( < 0.001)