Pulmonary embolism after anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in two female patients

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a coronavirus responsible for the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To protect people from severe COVID-19 course, vaccines have been recently developed. Vaccines’ safety was confirmed during clinical trials; however, massive vaccination action resulted in rare cases of adverse effects emerging, such as thromboses associated with thrombocytopenia. We present two cases of pulmonary embolism after anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in two female patients, with negative history of SARS-CoV-2 infections. In both patients additional risk factors for thrombotic events (hormonal contraception, varicose veins) were present. Pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood vessel in the lungs becomes blocked by a blood clot. It is a very rare adverse effect associated with COVID-19 vaccines and is often accompanied by thrombocytopenia. However, recent studies have found that he incidence of pulmonary embolism after COVID-19 vaccines was not increased compared to the general population. Moreover, the risk of PE after vaccination is significantly lower than the incidence of thrombotic events during COVID-19

Trends in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control among Polish adults 75 years and older during 2007–2014

Background: The aim of this study was to assess changes in the prevalence, awareness, and treatment of hypertension and its effectiveness between 2007 (WOBASZ Senior study) and 2013–2014 (WOBASZ II) in a sample of the Polish population over the age of 75 years. Methods: Sampling had three stages, stratified according to voivodeships, type of community, and gen­der. Finally, the WOBASZ II study included 467 persons (290 women and 177 men). For a comparison of the data, 1096 persons (538 women and 554 men) examined in the WOBASZ Senior study were used. Results: Systolic and diastolic blood pressures significantly decreased from 153.0 ± 23.9 mmHg to 142.9 ± 22.3 mmHg and from 85.2 ± 11.9 mmHg to 78.4 ± 11.3 mmHg, respectively, from 2007 to 2014 (p < 0.0001). Prevalence of hypertension among people included in WOBASZ studies slightly decreased from 83.8% to 77.9% (rate ratio [RR]: 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78–1.16) in men, and from 75.4% to 71.8% (RR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.8–1.09) in women. Hypertension awareness was improved from 59.2% to 72.9% (RR: 1.23; 95% CI: 0.97–1.56) in men, and from 74,8% to 93% (RR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.01–1.58) in women. The proportion of men and women, with implemented hypertension treatment, increased from 48.4% to 61.1% (RR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.01–1.58), and from 63.2% to 82.0% (RR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1–1.53), respectively. The effectiveness of the treatment was improved over two-fold, there was an increase from 10.3% to 26.8% (RR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.81–3.89) in men, and from 13.8% to 33.5% in women (RR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.81–3.3). Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertension in Polish seniors remains high, but has decreased slightly in the perspective of the last 7 years. Although treatment and control has improved over the last decade, it remains below expectations. Efforts to improve the diagnosis and effective treatment of hypertension in Polish seniors should be intensified

Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in the adult Polish population : multi-center National Population Health Examination Surveys : WOBASZ studies

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the main risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. The first aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence, awareness and treatment of hypertension as well as treatment effectiveness (blood pressure < 140/90 mm Hg) in a representative sample of the Polish population over the age of 19, examined in the WOBASZ II program. The second aim was to assess the changes in these parameters between 2003-2005 (WOBASZ study) and 2013-2014 in adults aged 20-74. Material and methods: Sampling was performed in three stages, stratified according to voivodeship (province), type of commune, and gender. Finally, the study included 6163 persons (3406 women and 2757 men) examined in the years 2013-2014 (aged ≥ 19 years). For comparison the data from 14 755 persons (7783 women and 6452 men aged 20-74 years) examined in the years 2003-2005 were used. Results: In the years 2013-2014, the age-standardized prevalence of hypertension, awareness, treatment and control was 42.7%, 59.3%, 46.1%, and 23% respectively. In the last decade an increase in the prevalence of hypertension (relative ratio (RR) 1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07- 1.18), treatment (RR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.17-1.36) and control (RR = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.91-2.45) was found. In contrast, the awareness decreased nonsignificantly (RR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.92-1.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertension in Poland is high, and increased by about 12% in 10 years. Although the number of treated patients and blood pressure control improved nearly twofold over the last decade, this is still below expectations. Efforts to improve the diagnosis and effective treatment of hypertension in Poland should still be intensifie

Gruźlica i współistniejące nadciśnienie tętnicze

Wstęp: Gruźlica jest chorobą zakaźną, z którą mogą współistnieć choroby niezakaźne, na przykład nadciśnienie tętnicze. Materiał i metody: Przeanalizowano dane 81 pacjentów hospitalizowanych z powodu gruźlicy. Wśród nich u 19,75% występowało nadciśnienie tętnicze. Porównano grupy pacjentów z nadciśnieniem tętniczym i bez niego pod kątem wieku, wskaźnika masy ciała (BMI), wartości ciśnienia tętniczego, stężenia kreatyniny i transaminaz oraz współwystępowania uzależnień. Wyniki: Wśród pacjentów hospitalizowanych z powodu leczenia gruźlicy nadciśnienie tętnicze występowało u 19,75% osób. Pacjenci ze współistniejącym nadciśnieniem tętniczym byli starsi (66,69 roku vs. 53,77 roku; p = 0,0012), mieli większą masę ciała (71,56 kg vs. 58,56 kg; p = 0,0059). Wnioski: Wśród pacjentów chorujących na gruźlicę nadciśnienie tętnicze występuje rzadziej niż w populacji ogólnej

PRZEGLĄD PIŚMIENNICTWA RPEiS 75, 2013, z. 2

Przemysław Saganek, Akty jednostronne państw w prawie międzynarodowym, Warszawa 2010 (rec. Marcin K a ł d u ń s k i), s. 285-290; Anna Krajewska, Podatki w Unii Europejskiej. Długookresowe tendencje i reakcja na kryzys, Warszawa 2012 (rec. Anna F l o t y ń s k a), s. 290-294; Paul A. Samuelson, William D. Nordhaus, Ekonomia, Poznań 2012 (rec. Barbara P o l s z a k i e w i c z), s. 295-29

Zapalenie błon surowiczych (zapalenie osierdzia i obustronny wysięk opłucnowy) po szczepieniu przeciwko Covid-19 szczepionką mRNA – opis przypadku

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been responsible for more than 5.5 million deaths worldwide. Vaccination is the most effective method of preventing this type of disease. The efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines authorized in the European Union have been assessed in clinical trials that recruited many participants. As the number of vaccinated people increases, infrequent adverse effects are expected. We would like to report a case of polyserositis (pericarditis, and bilateral pleural effusion) observed a few days after administering the Pfizer BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (Comirnaty®) in a 65-year-old man with no cardiovascular, metabolic or autoimmune disorders in his history. The incidence of myocarditis and pericarditis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccines is very low (combined reports from the USA and EU suggest the incidence of 1.02 × 10–5 and 7.61 × 10–6 respectively). Therefore, it is vital to inform people volunteering for vaccination to be aware of such symptoms as chest pain, breathlessness, or irregular forceful heartbeat. Moreover, the presence of these symptoms should alert healthcare professionals to the potential risk of pericarditis associated with the administration of the COVID-19 vaccine.Pandemia Covid-19 spowodowała już ponad 5.5 miliona zgonów na świecie. Najefektywniejszą metodę zapobiegania tej chorobie stanowią szczepienia ochronne. Ich skuteczność i bezpieczeństwo oceniono w badaniach klinicznych, rekrutujących znaczną liczbę ochotników. Z uwagi na rosnącą liczbę zaszczepionych osób, możemy się spodziewać wystąpienia bardzo rzadkich odczynów poszczepiennych. W poniższej pracy przedstawiamy przypadek zapalenia błon surowiczych (zapalenie osierdzia i obustronny wysięk opłucnowy), do którego doszło kilka dni po przyjęciu szczepionki Comirnaty u 65-letniego mężczyzny bez chorób układu sercowo-naczyniowego, metabolicznych, immunologicznych w wywiadzie. Częstość występowania zapalania mięśnia sercowego i zapalenia osierdzia po szczepionkach COVID-19 mRNA jest bardzo niska – sumaryczne dane ze Stanów Zjednoczonych oraz Unii Europejskiej pozwalają ją oszacować na odpowiednio 1.02∙〖10〗^(-5) oraz 7.61∙〖10〗^(-6). Mimo wszystko, Komitet ds. bezpieczeństwa Europejskiej Agencji Medycznej zalecił dodanie informacji o tych schorzeniach jako nowych działań niepożądanych w karcie charakterystyki produktu medycznego. Dlatego istotnym jest, aby uczulić osoby przystępujące do szczepienia na takie objawy jak ból w klatce piersiowej, duszność lub nieregularne, przyśpieszone bicie serca. Ponadto, wystąpienie takich objawów krótko po szczepieniu powinno zwrócić uwagę pracowników ochrony zdrowia na potencjalne ryzyko zapalenia osierdzia związane z podaniem szczepionki przeciwko COVID-19