Biocides as Biomedicines against Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria

Publication history: Accepted - 31 January 2022; Published - 4 February 2022.Biocides are currently considered the first line of defense against foodborne pathogens in hospitals or food processing facilities due to the versatility and efficiency of their chemical active ingredients. Understanding the biological mechanisms responsible for their increased efficiency, especially when used against foodborne pathogens on contaminated surfaces and materials, represents an essential first step in the implementation of efficient strategies for disinfection as choosing an unsuitable product can lead to antibiocide resistance or antibiotic–biocide cross-resistance. This review describes these biological mechanisms for the most common foodborne pathogens and focuses mainly on the antipathogen effect, highlighting the latest developments based on in vitro and in vivo studies. We focus on biocides with inhibitory effects against foodborne bacteria (e.g., Escherichia spp., Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Listeria spp., Campylobacter spp.), aiming to understand their biological mechanisms of action by looking at the most recent scientific evidence in the field.This research was funded by Environtech, grant number 49650

Therapeutic properties and phenantrens compounds of Tamus communis

From ancient in folk medicine the plants were used with lots of trust and efficiency. In time, people learn how to cultivate, to sample, and preserve different anatomical parts of the plant for medical purposes. Thus, also Tamus communis became an interesting plant, being used in different pharmaceutical formulations to treat different medical conditions. The extracts of root of T. communis is just one phyto-pharmaceutical form that demonstrated to have antiinflammatory and antioxidant effect. Different anatomical parts of T. communis, various extraction methods using various solvents, were used in experimental researches to test the efficiency as cytotoxic and antiviral activities, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. Extracts of T. communis are used for preparation of poultice, ointments, and also for infusions, tincture preparation with very good pharmacologic activity. This paper only made a very succinct presentation of the possibilities to used Tamus communis as a main ingredient of different natural pharmacological preparation with applicability in human and veterinary medicine

Farm Biosecurity Measures and Interventions with an Impact on Bacterial Biofilms

Publication history: Accepted - 16 August 2022; Published - 18 August 2022.Farm biosecurity management includes a set of practical measures used to prevent and limit the spread of infections to humans and animals. Infections, predominantly caused by zoonotic agents, often occur due to a lack of safety standards monitoring on farms, but also because of the use of inappropriate antimicrobial products leading to bacterial resistance, tolerance to biocides and the emergence antimicrobial-resistant germs. To date, research was mainly focused on studying the antimicrobial resistance in bacterial biofilms and the mechanisms involved in their occurrence. At molecular level, the limited diffusion of biocides in the biofilm matrix, enzyme-mediated resistance, genetic adaptation, efflux pumps, and levels of metabolic activity inside the biofilm are some of the investigated biological mechanisms which can promote antimicrobial resistance in biofilms were also investigated. Interventions, based on the identification of novel antimicrobial compounds, that would exclude the occurrence of bacterial tolerance, including essential oils (oregano, cloves), organic acids (tannic & oleic acid) and natural plant compounds (e.g. alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and coumarins) were also extensively studied and reviewed given their effectiveness against pathogen-produced biofilms. The aim of this review was emphasize the importance of biosecurity and farm management practices and to assess their impact on bacterial biofilm formation. Furthermore, we present the recent intervention strategies aimed at reducing and combating the formation of bacterial biofilms in livestock farms.Environtech, Dublin, Ireland - funding the PhD of Eugenia Butucel. Grant number 49650

The Dynamics of Blowflies of Calliphora, Lucilia and Protophormia Genera during 2003 in Northern Timisoara

During 2003 the blowflies of Lucilia, Calliphora and Protophormia genera were monitored between April 20 and October 30. For Calliphora genus 6 population peaks were recorded. First capture was achieved on April 20, at a 12.1ºC mean air temperature, 15.9ºC mean soil temperature and 50% relative humidity, and the last one on October 21st, at a 15.1ºC mean air temperature, 14.7ºC mean soil temperature and 84% relative humidity, respectively. For Lucilia genus 7 population peaks were recorded, with May 01st the first capture date, and October 07 the last capture date. For Protophormia genus were also 6 population peaks recorded, as for Calliphora genus. First capture was performed on May 02nd at a mean air temperature of 22.5ºC, a mean soil temperature of 24.3ºC and 54% relative humidity, and the last one on October 07, at a mean air temperature of 10.4ºC, a mean soil temperature of 10.8ºC and 73% relative humidity

STRATEGIES TO CONTROL BLOWFLY STRIKES

Blowfly strike is a common illness of sheep flocks worldwide. In Northern hemisphere is due to Lucilia sericata, and in Southern hemisphere L. cuprina is involved. This paper presents some aspects concerning current and future strategies to control flystrikes. Current control strategies refer to general management practices, selection of naturally resistant sheep, insecticide use and the use of baits and traps, respectively. The future strategies comprise vaccination strategies against blowfly larvae and fleece rot, sterile male release, use of Bacillus thuringiensis toxins, use of new insecticides, and biological control, respectively

TIME SPENT BY BLOWFLY LUCILIA SERICATA ON STANDARD TRAPS BAITED WITH LIVER AND AMMONIA

Calliphorids are the most important blowflies, because they can cause injuries mainly in sheep, but also in other species of economic importance. This paper describes the flies’ behavior on and around a trap before they entered in. Many Lucilia sericata (35.05%) stayed a shorter time (two to six seconds) on the standard trap, while only 6.18% of them spent a longer time (26 to 30 seconds) before entering the tra

ASPECTS OF REHABILITATION OF WASTE DUMPS USING HERBACEOUS PLANTS

There are many arguments that underlie research on rehabilitation of large areas of land that were set aside from the agricultural circuit and became heaps of storage for inert waste materials like bottom and boiler slag and fly ash. On the other hand result of biological materials with potential for land recycling i.e. sewage sludge. On the dumps of boiler slag composed of particles of 2-3 mm was gradually installed a layer of grass with the help of sewage sludge as a fertilizing agent and microbial activity stimulating agent, based on an extract of brown seaweed EKO GEA Slovenia. In the second year the amount of biomass harvested was 2 to 2.9 times higher than in the first year of cultivation. Moreover plants not harvested in the second year of culture bore fruit. Also, the root network strongly stabilized the slag and boiler ash particles against land spreading. Rapid and effective rehabilitation of the landscape destroyed was achieved with the use of herbaceous crops of the species Lolium perenne. Monitoring bioaccumulation of heavy metals i.e. Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Ni, Zn, etc. in aerial plant tissue was needed to decide the sector where the biomass harvested from inert waste dump covered with vegetation