Creative climate in the classroom: An exploratory study with pupils from elementary school

Um clima criativo é um conceito frequentemente abordado na literatura e pode ser uma forma intencional de promover a criatividade, nomeadamente em contexto educativo. Proporcionar este clima criativo é fundamental desde o início do percurso escolar. Por seu lado, as representações, não sendo competências, podem condicionar atitudes e comportamentos, sendo relevante a sua avaliação, inclusivamente no âmbito da criatividade. Este estudo analisou representações sobre o clima criativo em sala e aula (incluindo a autoperceção de criatividade nesse contexto) em 245 alunos do 4º ano de escolaridade da zona norte de Portugal. Usou-se a Escala de Clima para a Criatividade em Sala de Aula (autor 1 et al., 2019). Os dados foram tratados em função do género dos alunos, do sistema público ou privado das escolas em causa, assim como da zona rural ou urbana em que estas se inseriam. Existem diferenças estatisticamente significativas para cada uma destas condições estudadas. Tais resultados de um estudo ainda exploratório podem servir futuras investigações e formações a agentes educativos.A creative climate is a concept often discussed in the literature and can be an intentional way to promote creativity, particularly in an educational context. Providing this creative climate is fundamental from the beginning of the school career. On the other hand, representations, not being skills, can condition attitudes and behaviours, making their assessment relevant including in the context of creativity. In this study representations of the creative climate in the classroom (including the self-perception of creativity in this context) of 245 students from the 4th year of schooling in the north of Portugal were analyzed. The Climate Scale for Creativity in the Classroom (autor 1 et al., 2019) was used. Data were processed according to the gender of the students, the public or private system of the schools in question, as well as the rural or urban area in which they were located. There are statistically significant differences for each of these studied conditions. Such results of a still exploratory study can be useful for future research and training of educational agents

Contributions of school context to caries on anterior teeth: a multilevel analysis

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether oral health literacy (OHL) and school context are associated with untreated dental caries on the anterior teeth of adolescents. METHODS A representative cross-sectional study was conducted with 746 students aging 15 to 19 in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil. The guardians answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data and the absence/presence of private health insurance. Two examiners were trained for the diagnosis of dental caries using the Nyvad criteria and the measurement of OHL using the Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) (Kappa > 0.80). Contextual aspects of the schools were obtained from the 2017 National School Census. Descriptive statistics were conducted, followed by unadjusted and adjusted robust negative binomial regression for complex samples (p < 0.05). RESULTS The average number of anterior teeth with untreated caries was 0.95 (SD = 1.77). Among individual factors, the male sex (RR = 1.64; 95%CI: 1.24–2.16), inadequate level of OHL (RR = 2.03; 95%CI: 1.13–1.63), marginal level of OHL (RR = 1.87; 95%CI: 1.05–3.33) and not having private health insurance (RR = 1.34; 95%CI: 1.07–1.68) were associated with untreated caries on anterior teeth. Among school contextual factors, the number of students in the classroom (RR = 2.64; 95%CI: 1.78–3.93), number of public oral health services in the district (RR = 0.14; 95%CI: 0.05–0.39) and average income of the district in which the school is located (RR = 0.99; 95%CI: 0.98–0.99) were associated with the outcome. CONCLUSIONS Sociodemographic factors, having private health insurance, OHL, and school context exerted an influence on the occurrence of untreated dental caries on anterior teeth in adolescents aging 15 to 19

Open challenge for the diagnosis of cow's milk protein allergy

OBJECTIVES: To report the results of open challenge tests performed in children fed with cow's milk-free diet. DESCRIPTIONS: Cross-sectional study evaluating cow's milk open challenge performed under supervision in a hospital setting during 2.5 hours and ambulatory follow-up for 30 days when no immediate reaction occurred. One hundred and twenty-one patients were included, with ages between 4 and 95 months. Cow's milk open challenge tests were positive in 28 patients (23.1%). A clinical manifestation of cow's milk allergy different from the one presented at diagnosis occurred in 12 (24.9%) patients with positive challenge. Positive challenge was more frequent (p = 0.042) in patients fed with extensively hydrolyzed formulae or amino acid-based formulae (30.3%) when compared to those fed with other exclusion diets (14.5%). CONCLUSION: Open challenge allowed the interruption of exclusion diet in a significant proportion of the patients.OBJETIVO: Relatar os resultados de testes de desencadeamento aplicados em crianças alimentadas com dieta de exclusão das proteínas do leite de vaca. DESCRIÇÃO: Estudo transversal que avaliou testes de desencadeamento oral aberto, com leite de vaca, realizados sob supervisão em ambiente hospitalar por 2,5 horas e ambulatoriamente por 30 dias quando não ocorreu reação imediata. Foram incluídos 121 pacientes, com idades entre 4 e 95 meses. O teste de desencadeamento com leite de vaca foi positivo em 28 (23,1%) pacientes. Manifestação clínica de alergia ao leite de vaca diferente da apresentada por ocasião da suspeita diagnóstica ocorreu em 12 (42,9%) pacientes com desencadeamento positivo. O desencadeamento positivo foi mais frequente (p = 0,042) nos pacientes alimentados com fórmulas extensamente hidrolisadas ou de aminoácidos (30,3%) quando comparados com os alimentados com outras dietas de exclusão (14,5%). CONCLUSÃO: O teste de desencadeamento permitiu que fosse suspensa a dieta de exclusão de grande parte dos pacientes.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Disciplina de Gastroenterologia PediátricaHospital Pequeno Príncipe Centro de Gastroenterologia PediátricaUNIFESP Curso de NutriçãoUNIFESP Disciplina de Gastroenterologia PediátricaUNIFESP, Disciplina de Gastroenterologia PediátricaUNIFESP, Curso de NutriçãoUNIFESP, Disciplina de Gastroenterologia PediátricaSciEL

Desempenho de cimentos de ionômero de vidro nacionais e importados utilizados no Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático (ART) frente à microinfiltração em molares decíduos

Buscando comparar o desempenho de 2 cimentos de ionômero de vidro (CIV) restauradores convencionais nacionais, mais acessíveis tanto financeiramente quanto por disponibilidade no mercado, ao desempenho de 2 CIV importados frente à microinfiltração, confeccionou-se preparos classe II com término cervical em esmalte em 40 molares decíduos hígidos. Vinte cavidades foram restauradas com os CIV nacionais (Vidrion® R e Vidrion® R Caps) e as demais com os importados (Fuji® IX e Fuji® IX GPFast), por um único operador. Os dentes foram impermeabilizados, imersos em azul de metileno 0,5% e seccionados mesio-distalmente. A microinfiltração foi avaliada por 3 examinadores calibrados, em microscópio estereoscópico, através de escores (0-3). Foram utilizados os testes estatísticos de Kruskall-Wallis e de Wilcoxon. Verificou-se altos índices de microinfiltração para todos os CIV: 59,5% das amostras restauradas com Vidrion® R ou Vidrion® R Caps e 83,4% das amostras restauradas com Fuji® IX ou Fuji® IX GPFast obtiveram o escore máximo (3). Os CIV nacionais apresentaram menos microinfiltração que os CIV importados, embora essa diferença só tenha sido significativa (p=0,003) entre os materiais encapsulados.With the aim of assessing the performance of Brazilian and imported glass ionomer cements (GIC) with regard to microleakage, 40 primary molars received two standard class II cavity preparations with margins in enamel. Twenty cavities were filled with Brazilian materials (Vidrion® R and Vidrion® R Caps) and the other 20 cavities were filled with imported materials (Fuji® IX and Fuji® IX GPFast capsule). All fillings were performed by a single operator according to the manufacturer's instructions. Teeth were immersed in 0.5% methylene blue and half-sectioned. Three independent calibrated examiners assessed microleakage using scores (0-3). Data were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test and Wilcoxon analysis. High microleakage indexes were verified for all ionomer cements: 59.5% of the samples restored with Vidrion® R or Vidrion® R Caps and 83.4% of the samples restored with Fuji® IX or Fuji® IX GPFast capsule obtained the maximum score (3). The Brazilian ionomer cements presented less microleakage than imported cements, although this difference was only significant (p=0.003) among the encapsulated materials

QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE IDOSOS EM HEMODIÁLISE: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA / QUALITY OF LIFE OF ELDERLY IN HEMODIALYSIS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Introdução: A doença renal crônica afeta a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, principalmente dos idosos. Objetivo: Avaliar, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, as principais implicações do tratamento hemodialítico na qualidade de vida do paciente idoso com doença renal crônica. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica feita na base de dados da Bireme, Scielo e Google acadêmico com os descritores qualidade de vida, idoso e hemodiálise. Resultados: A pesquisa selecionou 12 trabalhos completos publicados entre 2003 e 2013. As alterações funcionais do envelhecimento, a diminuição da vida social e as limitações físicas impostas pelo tratamento dialítico são as principais causas da baixa qualidade de vida desses pacientes. Conclusão: Os estudos mostraram uma redução na qualidade de vida dos idosos com doença renal crônica submetidos à hemodiálise, indicando que os piores escores nos instrumentos que avaliam a qualidade de vida estão relacionados ao aspecto físico, sexo feminino e baixa escolaridade.Palavras-chave: Qualidade de vida. Idoso. Diálise Renal.AbstractIntroduction: Chronic kidney disease affects the life quality of patients, especially the elderly. Objective: Evaluate, through literature review, the main implications of hemodialysis on life quality of elderly patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: This is a literature review performed on the databases Bireme, SciELO and Google scholar using the keywords quality of life, elderly and hemodialysis. Results: The study selected 12 full papers published between 2003 and 2013. Functional changes of aging, diminishing social life and the physical limitations imposed by dialysis are the main causes of poor life quality of these patients. Conclusion: The study showed reduction in the quality of life of elderly patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis, indicating that the worst scores on instruments that assess quality of life are related to the physical aspect, female gender and low education.Keywords: Quality of life. Elderly. Renal Dialysis

Can be grandmother as child’s daytime caregiver a risk factor for higher caries experience in early childhood? : A retrospective study

Objective: To investigate the association between child’s daytime caring person and risk for higher early childhood caries (ECC) experience. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of all clinical records (census) of children (0-3 years old) attended in a public dental clinic, which contained information about caries experience and child’s daytime caring person (mother, grandmother or others). Caries experience was dichotomized as dmft ≤ 2 or dmft >2. Data were analyzed by the chi-square (α = 0.05). Binary logistic regression models were built. Results: From a total of 310 children, 19% of children had the grandmother as daytime caring person. There was no association between child’s daytime caring person and caries experience (p=0.32). Logistic regression analysis showed that low daytime caregiver schooling (OR: 5.76 95%CI 1.18-28.18; p=0.02) and child’s age (OR: 1.14 95% CI 1.09-1.19; p=0.00) were risk factors, and breastfeeding duration (> 9 months – OR: 0.38 95% CI 0.21-0.68; p=0.00), no nocturnal feeding (OR: 0.50 95% CI 0.27-0.91; p=0.02), and absence of sugar consumption between main meals (OR: 0.50 95% CI 0.28- 0.89; p=0.02) were protection factors for ECC. Conclusion: A higher caries experience in early childhood is not associated to child’s daytime caring person. On the other hand, the higher caries experience is associated with low caregiver schooling and older children

Crop coefficient estimated by degree-days for ‘Marandu’ palisadegrass and mixed forage

Considering profitability in pasture-based systems, investigating parameters affecting crop coefficients for irrigation management becomes important. In this experiment, we determined the crop coefficient of ‘Marandu’ palisadegrass based on accumulated degree-days and estimated plant water consumption under single (‘Marandu’ alisadegrass) and mixed (‘Marandu’ palisadegrass + black oats + Italian ryegrass) cropping regimes. The research was conducted at the Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture in Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, between 2016 and 2017. Evapotranspiration was assessed using weighing lysimeters while crop evapotranspiration was calculated using mean weight variation. Reference evapotranspiration and degree-days were estimated. Data were obtained from an automated weather station. Equations and regression models relating crop coefficient with accumulated degree-days were generated for two seasons (spring/summer and autumn/winter) and evaluated for two year-cycles, from 2015 to 2018. The results showed better prediction accuracy for the single cropping system in spring/summer 2017–18. Highlights The model for determinating crop coefficient (Kc) by accumulated degree-days showed efficient for use in determination local. The use of the degree days for determination Kc is more vantage because only necessary to measure the air temperature (maximum and minimum). The equations for determining crop coefficient by accumulated degree days for the spring/summer season in Marandu palisade grass cultive show more precision that in mixture forage system.Considering profitability in pasture-based systems, investigating parameters affecting crop coefficients for irrigation management becomes important. In this experiment, we determined the crop coefficient of ‘Marandu’ palisadegrass based on accumulated degree-days and estimated plant water consumption under single (‘Marandu’ alisadegrass) and mixed (‘Marandu’ palisadegrass + black oats + Italian ryegrass) cropping regimes. The research was conducted at the Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture in Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, between 2016 and 2017. Evapotranspiration was assessed using weighing lysimeters while crop evapotranspiration was calculated using mean weight variation. Reference evapotranspiration and degree-days were estimated. Data were obtained from an automated weather station. Equations and regression models relating crop coefficient with accumulated degree-days were generated for two seasons (spring/summer and autumn/winter) and evaluated for two year-cycles, from 2015 to 2018. The results showed better prediction accuracy for the single cropping system in spring/summer 2017–18. Highlights The model for determinating crop coefficient (Kc) by accumulated degree-days showed efficient for use in determination local. The use of the degree days for determination Kc is more vantage because only necessary to measure the air temperature (maximum and minimum). The equations for determining crop coefficient by accumulated degree days for the spring/summer season in Marandu palisade grass cultive show more precision that in mixture forage system

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Clear Communication Index to Brazilian Portuguese

OBJECTIVE: To perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the Clear Communication Index instrument from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC-CCI) from English to Brazilian Portuguese. METHODS: This study comprised initial discussion about the conceptual equivalence of the instrument by a committee formed by experts on health education. We performed translations, synthesis of translations, back-translations, revision by the committee, and linguistic revision. Semantic equivalence was obtained by analyzing the referential and general meaning of each item by the committee, resulting in a pre-final version of the instrument. Subsequently, thirty professionals with health sciences degrees performed a pre-test. These professionals used the pre-final version of the instrument to assess a health education material. A questionnaire was applied to evaluate the acceptability of the instrument, the understanding of each of the 20 items, as well as the individual and professional variables. We analyzed the scores attributed to the health education material, the variables related to healthcare professionals, the proportions of the acceptability of the instrument, and the comprehension of each item. RESULTS: After we obtained the conceptual equivalence of the instrument, the committee of experts, the instrument’s main author, and the linguist produced the pre-final version using two translations, a synthesis of the translations, and two back-translations. A general equivalence was maintained in 15 of the 20 items (75%), four of the items were slightly altered (20%), and one item was very altered (5%). Nineteen items presented referential equivalence or near equivalence (95%). We then carried out with the pre-test, in which the professionals used the pre-final version. Two items in the domains of “risks” and “main message” were unclear and needed to be revised. CONCLUSION: The process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Clear Communication Index provided an adapted version to the Brazilian Portuguese language

Psychometric properties of BREALD-30 for assessing adolescents’ oral health literacy

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) administered to adolescents. METHODS: The study included 750 adolescents: 375 aged 12 years and 375 aged 15–19 years, attending public and private schools in Campina Grande, state of Paraíba, Brazil, in 2017. Reliability was measured based on internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Convergent validity was measured based on correlations between BREALD-30 and Functional Literacy Indicator scores. Divergent validity was measured by comparing BREALD-30 scores with sociodemographic variables. For predictive validity, the association between BREALD-30 scores and the presence of cavitated carious lesions was tested using a multiple logistic regression model. All statistical tests were performed with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: BREALD-30 showed good internal consistency for the 12 year olds and 15 to19 year olds (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.871 and 0.834, respectively) and good test-retest reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.898 and 0.974; kappa = 0.804 and 0.808, respectively]. Moreover, item-total correlation was satisfactory for all items. BREALD-30 had convergent validity with the Functional Literacy Indicator for 12 year olds (rs = 0.558, p < 0.001) and for 15 to 19 year olds (rs = 0.652, p < 0.001). Participants with higher oral health literacy levels who attended private schools (p < 0.001), belonged to economic classes A and B2 (p < 0.001), and who had parents with higher education levels (p < 0.001) were included, indicating the divergent validity of the BREALD-30. Participants with lower BREALD-30 scores were more likely to have cavitated carious lesions [12 year olds: odds ratio (OR) = 2.37; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.48–3.80; 15 to 19 year olds: OR = 1.96; 95%CI 1.24–3.11]. CONCLUSIONS: BREALD-30 shows satisfactory psychometric properties for use on Brazilian adolescents and can be applied as a fast, simple, and reliable measure of oral health literacy