Time-series analysis of temperature and relationship between atmospheric systems and recurring maximum temperatures-A case study of Isfahan city

ABSTRACT The environmental effect of temperature and the role in which the latter plays in micro-andmacro-models planning has attracted the attention of researchers. The aim of this paper is to study temperature variation for Isfahan during INTRODUCTION The socio-economic and environmental effects of global warming exist because of certain fundamental issues such as climate change and extensive research has been conducted on global, regional, and local scales in this field. These previous studies indicate that there has been an average global temperature increase of 0.15 ± 0.45 °C over the past hundred years, and there has been an obvious increasing trend in the first decade of the twentieth century. Daily changes in air quality, air pollution standard index shows that this comparison is the range of urban air pollution in cities provides. Ecologists believe that longterm fluctuations in the average air temperature affect sensitive ecological systems, even if the fluctuations do not exceed 0.2-0.1 °C. Air quality standards for acceptable levels of pollutants in a certain set period of time and is produced in different countries with different method

Hesperidin Plays Neuroprotective Effects Against Quinolinic Acid in Human SH-SY5Y Cells: Focusing on ROS Levels and Cell Cycle Arrest

Background and objectives: In some neurodegenerative diseases, an aberrant accumulation of quinolinic acid is frequently associated with the loss of nerve cells and a condition known as neuritis. This is typically caused by an excessive production of free radicals. Studies have shown that hesperidin has potent antioxidant effects, but nothing is known about how it protects against the neurotoxicity induced by quinolinic acid. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of hesperidin against quinolinic acid-induced neurotoxicity in the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line. Methods: The MTT test was used to determine cell viability and protective dosage of hesperidin. Flow cytometry using propidium iodide (PI) staining was used to determine the cell cycle of SH-SY5Y cells after exposure to quinolinic acid in combination with hesperidin. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels within cells were also measured using 2', 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) in the mentioned groups. Results: Our results demonstrated that hesperidin had a protective effect against quinolinic acid-induced toxicity at nontoxic concentrations (p<0.001). Moreover, the percentage of apoptotic cells in the sub-G1 phase increased significantly (p<0.001). Hesperidin pretreatment significantly decreased sub-G1 arrest that was induced by quinolinic acid (p<0.001). Hesperidin significantly decreased ROS levels generated by quinolinic acid (p<0.001). Conclusion: The current study showed that hesperidin exerts its effect through antioxidant activity and can be considered a promising neuroprotectant agent against quinolinic acid-induced neurotoxicity in neurodegenerative disorders; however, more research is necessary in this area for the treatment

Perinatal Outcomes of Idiopathic Polyhydramnios with Normal Ultrasound: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Incidence of polyhydramnios in various studies has been reported from 0.2 to 3.9%. Approximately, 50-60% of cases are idiopathic with no known etiology. We aimed to investigate perinatal outcomes of idiopathic polyhydramnios with a normal ultrasound. Materials and Methods: In this study, Persian and English databases including Barakatkns, SID, Magiran, Medline, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochran, Embase, and ProQuest were searched for articles published from 1950 to August 2018. The search procedure was conducted with keywords related to "idiopathic polyhydramnios", "perinatal outcomes", "normal ultrasound", and their equivalents in "Mesh" and PICO. In meta-analysis, first we quantified heterogeneity by using I2 statistics and tested using the Cochran’s Q test. Even when a low heterogeneity was detected, a fixed-effects model was applied, and for more than 75% of heterogeneity, random-effects model was used. The Forest Plot chart was drawn up and the relative risk (RR) estimate for each study (ES), the pooled estimate of "RR" by combining all the studies and its 95% CI, and the P-value associated with it, were indicated. Results: In this study, 13 articles involving 325,426 pregnant women were included for the Meta-analysis. The RR and 95% CI of Caesarian Section (C.S), 1.61(1.25-2.07), macrosomia, 1.84(1.40-2.42), preterm delivery, 2.45(1.29-4.64), NICU admission, 2.90(1.77-4.74), Apgar score min

A hybrid model for suppliers' selection based on clustering method using NRGA and NSGA-II algorithms

Supply chain management (SCM) is one of the most important competitive strategies used by modern companies. The main goal of supply chain management is integration different suppliers to fulfill market demand. Therefore, evaluation and selection of suppliers has critical role and significant effect on supply chain management. This paper presents hybrid model based on clustering approach and suppliers' selection. At first, K-harmonic means clustering method which is one of the most popular methods in clustering analysis is used for clustering suppliers. Then, according to theoutput of clustering, a multi-objective model is considered to select the best supplier. Since the model belongs to the class of NP-hard optimization problems, two meta-heuristic algorithms named Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGAII) and Non-dominated Ranked Genetic Algorithm (NRGA) is used for solving model in reasonable time. Computational results show that the clustering analysis can be considered as an effective way to the suppliers' selection. Also, several data sets are applied to evaluate the effect of clustering analysis on suppliers' selectio

Environmental assessment of contaminated soils in Dostbaiglou mine (north of Meshginshahr - Iran)

Contamination of soil with pathological and carcinogenic toxic elements presents a vitally important challenge for the environment. The dispersed contamination source is one of the important pollution sources, which different elements originate from weathering of rock and alterations zones and diffuse in the environment. The mine lands are considered as one of the dispersed contamination sources. In these locations, excavation, concentration and uncovering of some elements cause contamination of soil, which leads to contamination of the environment. This paper presents the pollution load of toxic elements in 236 soil samples collected around mining zone in north of Meshginshahr, northwest of Iran. Pollution intensity of the soils was calculated based on the pollution index and enrichment factor. Classification of the soils was done by using the factorial and cluster analysis. Soil samples collected in this study contain higher concentrations of harmful elements compared to the target and intervention limits set by international regulatory standards. Concentration of elements such as As (3-3430mg/kg), Mo (0.5-160mg/kg), Sb (0.21-97.6mg/kg), Pb (3.7-518mg/kg), Cu (10-748mg/kg) and Sn (0.5-11.4mg/kg) was found to be very high in the region soils. Some of the soil samples also have a worrying levels of Cr (3-267mg/kg), Mn (27-4120mg/kg) and Co (0.5-211mg/kg) concentrations. As per the pollution index, 19.4-66.7% of the soils on the mineralized and altered zones in the region are considered as contaminated with toxic elements. There is a high variation of concentration of elements in the soil samples. Distribution of the elements have been influenced heavily by both chemical (pH, organic carbon content (%), concentration of Fe + Mn, Al and S) and physical (grain size < 63µm) factors. Emphasis need to be put on control measures of pollution and remediation techniques in the study area

Dynamic Analysis of Maneuvering Flexible Spacecraft Appendage Using Higher Order Sandwich Panel Theory

Abstract This paper is devoted to the vibration of rotating flexible spacecraft. The maneuver of the spacecraft is modeled by a constant torque input acting on the hub. For the first time in this paper the equations of motion of flexible spacecraft are derived based on higher order sandwich panel theory (HSAPT). Hamilton's principle is used for driving the governing partial differential equations of motion. The generalized differential quadrature method (GDQ) is utilized to solve the partial differential equations of motion. The effect of different parameters on vibration of rotating flexible spacecraft appendage is investigated. It is also investigated the effect of these parameters on natural frequencies. The result of HSAPT and Euler Bernoulli theory is compared with each other. To show the accuracy the natural frequencies of recent paper are compared with the literature

A survey on flora, life forms and geographical distribution of plant species in the protected forests of Fandoghlu (Ardabil province)

Fandoghlu forest is located in the north west of Ardabil city. The highest and lowest altitudes of the area are 1500 and 1850 m a.s.l. respectively. The studied flora included 191 species which belonged to 145 genera and 47 families. The families of Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, Asteraceae, Poaceae and Fabaceae were the richest families which constituted 47.6% of the total species. Hemicryptophytes (45.6%), Therophytes (24%) and Phanerophytes (16.8%) were the most important life forms according to Raunkiaer classification. The chorotype studies showed that the plants of the area belonged to Irano-Turanian region (29.8%), Irano-Turanian/ Mediterranean (17.2%), and Irano-Turanian/ Euro-Siberian (16.2%), Irano-Turanian/ Euro-Siberian/ Mediterranean (15.1%)

Multi-drug Resistance Profiles and Expression of AdeIJK and AbeM in Acinetobacter baumannii Collected from Humans by Real-time PCR

Background:      Acquiring genetic determinants with antibiotic resistance and mutation in regulatory genes of Acinetobacter baumannii can made many problems in treatment of patients. The AdeIJK pump are associated with decrease susceptibility to trimethoprim, fluoroquinolones, β-lactams, novobiocin, tetracycline, lincosamides, erythromycin, chloramphenicol and  AbeM pump can decrease the MIC of chloramphenicol, trimethoprim, aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. Upregulation of drug transporters systems, modifications in gyrA and parC genes have major role to fluoroquinolones resistance in A. baumannii. The aim of this study was investigation the contribution of adeJ and abeM pumps in extrusion of ciprofloxacin in A. baumannii.Methods:     For confirmation of species the blaOXA-51 gene was applied. Disk diffusion method was performed for antimicrobial susceptibility test. For illustration of active efflux pumps the CCCP and ciprofloxacin were used to determine MIC. To detect the RNA transcript of AdeJ and AbeM pumps in isolates collected from two hospitals from July 2016 to March 2017 qRT-PCR was carried out.Results:    The MICs of ciprofloxacin decreased 32-fold or more in 7 strains, 16-fold in 2 strains, 8-fold in 10 strains, 4-fold in 25 strains and 2-fold in 6 strains after adding CCCP. Overexpression of the adeJ (84%) and abeM (88.63%) genes were indicated by qRT-PCR.Conclusion: Efflux pups inhibitor are new approach for increase susceptibility to many classes of antibiotics. In A. baumannii strains transporting system may have contribution in ciprofloxacin resistance as shown with this study. </strong