The Competitive Diffusion of Gases in a Nanoporous Zeolite Using a Slice Selection Procedure

The study of the co-diffusion of several gases through a microporous solid and of the resulting instantaneous distribution (out of equilibrium) of the adsorbed phases is particularly important in many fields, such as gas separation, heterogeneous catalysis, etc. Classical H NMR imaging is a good technique for visualizing these processes but, since the signal obtained is not specific for each gas, each experiment has to be performed several times under identical conditions, and each time with only one incompletely deuterated gas. In contrast, we have proposed a new NMR imaging technique (based on the so-called NMR slice selection procedure) which gives a signal characteristic of each adsorbed gas. It can therefore provide directly, at every moment and at every level of the crystallite bed, the distribution of several gases competing in diffusion and adsorption. Solutions to the direct and inverse problems are based on Heaviside’s operational method and Laplace integral transformation. New procedures for identifying diffusion coefficients for co- diffusing components (benzene and hexane) in intra- and intercrystallite spaces were implemented, using high-speed gradient methods and mathematical diffusion models, as well as the NMR spectra of the adsorbed mass distribution of each component in the zeolite bed. These diffusion coefficients were obtained as a function of time for different positions along the bed. Benzene and hexane concentrations in the inter- and intracrystallite spaces were calculated for every position in the bed and for different adsorption times

R&D in ALICE: The CsI-based RICH high momentum particle identification detector

We report on the R&D studies performed on a CsI-based RICH detector with a liquid perfluorohexane radiator running pure methane at atmospheric pressure. The development, initiated by the CERN RD26 project in 1993, has been pursued in the framework of the ALICE/HMPID collaboration. A prototype of the detector under construction for ALICE is taking data since two years in the STAR experiment at RHIC

Identification of High p⊥\rm p_{\perp} Particles with the STAR-RICH Detector

The STAR-RICH detector extends the particle identification capapbilities of the STAR experiment for charged hadrons at mid-rapidity. This detector represents the first use of a proximity-focusing CsI-based RICH detector in a collider experiment. It provides identification of pions and kaons up to 3 GeV/c and protons up to 5 GeV/c. The characteristics and performance of the device in the inaugural RHIC run are described.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

The STAR-RICH Detector

The STAR-RICH detector extends the particle idenfication capabilities of the STAR spectrometer for charged hadrons at mid-rapidity. It allows identification of pions and kaons up to ~3 GeV/c and protons up to ~5 GeV/c. The characteristics and performance of the device in the inaugural RHIC run are described

The ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC

ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is a general-purpose, heavy-ion detector at the CERN LHC which focuses on QCD, the strong-interaction sector of the Standard Model. It is designed to address the physics of strongly interacting matter and the quark-gluon plasma at extreme values of energy density and temperature in nucleus-nucleus collisions. Besides running with Pb ions, the physics programme includes collisions with lighter ions, lower energy running and dedicated proton-nucleus runs. ALICE will also take data with proton beams at the top LHC energy to collect reference data for the heavy-ion programme and to address several QCD topics for which ALICE is complementary to the other LHC detectors. The ALICE detector has been built by a collaboration including currently over 1000 physicists and engineers from 105 Institutes in 30 countries. Its overall dimensions are 161626 m3 with a total weight of approximately 10 000 t. The experiment consists of 18 different detector systems each with its own specific technology choice and design constraints, driven both by the physics requirements and the experimental conditions expected at LHC. The most stringent design constraint is to cope with the extreme particle multiplicity anticipated in central Pb-Pb collisions. The different subsystems were optimized to provide high-momentum resolution as well as excellent Particle Identification (PID) over a broad range in momentum, up to the highest multiplicities predicted for LHC. This will allow for comprehensive studies of hadrons, electrons, muons, and photons produced in the collision of heavy nuclei. Most detector systems are scheduled to be installed and ready for data taking by mid-2008 when the LHC is scheduled to start operation, with the exception of parts of the Photon Spectrometer (PHOS), Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) and Electro Magnetic Calorimeter (EMCal). These detectors will be completed for the high-luminosity ion run expected in 2010. This paper describes in detail the detector components as installed for the first data taking in the summer of 2008

Study of the chemisorption of formic acid on mordenite type zeolites, NaZ and HZ by

13C and 27Al MAS-NMR study of the chemisorption of HCOOH on mordenite type Z-zeolites gives evidence concerning the active sites and the reaction intermediates

Competitive diffusion of gases in a zeolite using proton NMR and a slice selection procedure

International audienceThe study of the co-diffusion of several gases through a microporous solid and the resulting instantaneous distribution (out of equilibrium) of the adsorbed phases is particularly important in many fields, such as gas separation and heterogeneous catalysis. Classical 1H NMR imaging is a good technique for the visualization of these processes but, since the signal obtained is not specific for each gas, this requires that each experiment be performed several times under identical conditions, and each time with only one incompletely deuterated gas. In contrast we have proposed a new NMR imaging technique (based on the so-called NMR lift) which gives a signal characteristic of each adsorbed gas. It can therefore provide directly, at every moment and at every level of the crystallite bed, the distribution of several gases competing in diffusion and adsorption