DESAIN DAN FABRIKASI PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA DAN PIKOHIDRO DENGAN SISTEM MONITORING

Energi merupakan kebutuhan primer masyarakat dalam menjalankan kebutuhannya sehari-hari. Namun, saat ini energi menjadi isu global yang harus dihadapi karena berdampak negatif menghasilkan emisi gas rumah kaca. Berdasarkan outlook energi Indonesia tahun 2021, potensi energi terbarukan sangat melimpah seperti, energi hidro sebesar 20.960 MW dan energi surya sebesar 6.379 MW. Indonesia memanfaatkan potensi alam seperti aliran irigasi dan panas matahari sebagai sumber energi baru terbarukan. Penelitian ini berisi perancangan dan pembangunan pembangkit listrik hybrid energi dengan menggabungkan potensi sumber daya air dan panas matahari menjadi energi listrik. Penelitian ini menggunakan turbin jenis ulir dan panel surya tipe monocrystalline. Proses perancangan dan pengembangan produk menggunakan metode Ulrich, membandingkan 3 konsep produk, konsep pertama terpilih karena dianggap sesuai dengan kebutuhan diantaranya mudah difabrikasi, portabilitas baik, dan biaya lebih rendah dari produk existing. Hasil uji performa dilakukan pada saluran irigasi sungai dengan kecepatan aliran air 1,28 m/s, daya rata-rata yang dihasilkan turbin ulir sebesar 29.10 watt, dan daya rata-rata dari panel surya sebesar 24.95 watt. Kinerja dilengkapi dengan sistem monitoring jarak jauh melalui website untuk memantau tegangan, arus, dan frekuensi Total biaya produksi dalam membuat produk hybrid energi sebesar Rp9,534,284.00,-. &nbsp

Desain Saluran Udara Untuk Pengkondisian Udara Gudang Urea Ekspor Kapasitas 20.000 Ton

Abstract - A fertilizer company in Gresik plans to build a urea warehouse with a capacity of 20,000 tons to store urea before export. Urea fertilizer is able to absorb and bind air moisture with its hygroscopic properties. To overcome this problem, it is important to maintain a stable temperature in the urea warehouse, where the expected urea temperature stability is 40 degrees Celsius. The initial stage of this research was carried out by calculating the heating load (internal & external) generated by the warehouse. Furthermore, calculations are carried out for heat supply and air flow to determine the amount of heat needed by the urea warehouse, if the urea flow rate is 95 tons / hour, sensible heat urea is 1.34 kj / kg, and there are air openings through the door and conveyor channel. This research was conducted to design the right air duct design, ranging from the needs of blowers to ducting. where based on calculations obtained Spec blower with flow rate of 44,735 NCfm, blower pressure 1842.94 Pa and blower hydraulic power of 48.61 kW. In addition, the air ducts used were obtained in the form of rounded ducts with diameters of 1.5m, 1.3m, 1.15m, 1m, and 0.65m.. &nbsp

STUDI EKSPERIMEN MODIFIKASI RASIO KOMPRESI PADA 4-STROKE CARBURATOR SI ENGINE DENGAN DUAL-FUEL SYSTEM BENSIN-UAP ETANOL.

Bahan bakar yang semakin berkurang maka dalam penelitian ini membahas tentang dual fuel system dimanaalternatif bahan bakar yang akan digunakan adalah etanol E98, dikarenakan nilai oktan etanol sangat tinggi makaperlu modifikasi pada rasio kompresi karena nilai oktan yang tinggi memerlukan rasio kompresi yang tinggi juga, agartidak terjadi adanya knocking, jadi pada pengujian kali ini akan dilakukan penambahan rasio kompresi dari kompresistandart mesin 9:1, CR 10,5:1 dan CR 11,5 sedangkan penambahan uap etanol pada penelitian ini di modifikasikandengan bukaan katup yaitu bukaan 0°, 30°, 60° dan 90°. Menaikkan kompresi rasio terdapat beberapa cara dimanasalah satunya dengan metode dom piston seperti yang akan dilakukan pada penelitian ini. Penelitian dual fuel yangmenggunakan etanol sebagai bahan bakar alternatifnya banyak dilakukan akan tetapi terjadi penurunan daya padamesinnya, maka pada penelitian ini diharapkan akan mendapatkan hasil nilai daya yang lebih bagus atau optimaldalam pembakaran. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan dengan penambahan rasio kompresi dan masuknya uapetanol yang sudah di atur dengan bukaan valve, maka didapatkan daya maksimum rasio kompresi standartdidapatkan 9,3 HP pada RPM 8000 bukaan katup 90° dan didapatkan torsi maksimum 9,7 N.m pada bukaan katup90° di RPM 6000, sedangkan pada CR 10,5:1 didapatkan daya maksimum 9,5 HP pada bukaan katup 90° di RPM 8000dengan torsi maksimum sebesar 9,41 N.m pada RPM 5500 bukaan katup 0°, pada variasi rasio kompresi terbesaryaitu 11,5:1 didapatkan daya maksimum sebesar 9,7 HP di RPM 8500 dengan bukaan katup 90° dan didapatkan torsimaksimum 9,79 N.m dengan bukaan katup 60° pada RPM 6000, jadi dapat disimpulkan variasi terbaik rasio kompresipada pengujian ini terdapat pada CR 11,5:1 dan bukaan katup 60° karena didapatkan daya maksimum terbesar

PENGARUH EVAPORATOR PADA EXHAUST SEPEDA MOTOR KARBURATOR TERHADAP SI ENGINE BAHAN BAKAR DUAL FUEL BENSIN-UAP BIOETANOL

Penambahan bahan bakar berbasis nabati khususnya bioetanol dari penelitian sebelumnya memberikanefek proses pembakaran makin sempurna, sehingga mesin akan menjadi lebih bersih dan emisi gas buang menurunmenjadi ramah lingkungan. Penggunaan bioetanol yang mempunyai oktan tinggi dapat menjadikan akselerasi mesinlebih ringan dan cepat. Dilakukan eksperimen menguapkan bioetanol dengan mendesain evaporator pada exhaustsepeda motor Supra X 125 cc karburator tahun 2008 untuk menciptakan alternatif bahan bakar terbarukan denganmemanfaatkan energi panas dari exhaust (regenerasi energi). Dilakukan dynotest performa SI Engine sebelummodifikasi dan sesudah modifikasi dengan variasi bukaan katup uap bioetanol 30°, 60°, 90°(fully open throttle)dengan variasi RPM yang dinaikkan dengan interval 1000 dimulai dari RPM 5000 hingga RPM 9000. Pengujian SIEngine dengan evaporator pada exhaust sepeda motor dual fuel bensin-uap dapat diterapkan dan layak jalan untukdioperasikan. Hasil eksperimen menggunakan evaporator ini diambil data optimum pada variasi bioetanol bukaankatup 60°, dengan peningkatan daya dan torsi sebesar 9 HP menjadi 9,4 HP, untuk torsi dari 7,98 Nm menjadi 8,3Nm pada RPM 8000. Angka efisiensi termal kendaraan mengalami penurunan sebesar 25,6%, dari 90,3% menjadi65,3% . Untuk data emisi gas buang mengalami penurunan CO sebesar 10%, HC dengan nilai 51%, kemudianmengalami peningkatan CO2sebesar 46,3

FABRIKASI DAN ANALISIS PROSES MANUFAKTUR CAVITY BLADE TURBIN MODEL GORLOV SEBAGAI CETAKAN FIBERGLASS DENGAN METODE HAND LAY UP (HLU)

Electrical energy is an important source of energy for the people of Indonesia because electrical energy is always used in industrial activities and daily life. Indonesia's power generation capacity has increased by almost 15 Giga Watt (GW) to 69.6 Giga Watt (GW) from 54.7 to 69.6 Giga Watt (GW) in the Turbine last five years. This need will continue to grow because fossil raw materials will gradually be eroded. One of the efforts to utilize energy is the renewable energy of the Picohydro Power Plant which utilizes the flow of the river or sea currents as renewable energy. This research is to design a Gorlov Model Blade mold with fiberglass using the Hand Lay Up method. In the process using the Reverse Engineering method to compare the 3 Manufacturing Processes for making the Gorlov model turbine blade mold. In this study, the first process concept was chosen because the price is cheaper, the process is easy and fast, and has a lighter weight than the existing product. The results of the Gorlov Model Blade Turbine performance test on a river flow with an average speed of 1.59 m/s and a river depth of 300 mm resulted in Blade 732.28 Rpm and produced 3.2 Volts. From these data, it can be said that the turbine can work according to its function. Total Cost of Production (HPP) Rp. 5.570.350

Perancangan Dudukan Pelat Adjustable Holder sebagai Sarana Penunjang Mesin Roll di PT. Boma Bisma Indra Pasuruan

In the roll bending process, sheet metal is straightened before rolling. With plates of fairly large dimensions, 6m to 8m in length and 1.5m to 2.5m in width, the alignment process is not easy and takes a lot of time. In this study, we designed an adjustable plate holder to overcome this problem. The design method used is Ulrich's method by creating his three design concepts which later select the best design according to selection criteria. The design of this tool used Fusion 360 software to perform a strength analysis to determine the number of stresses obtained for the loads received and functional analysis to determine if this tool is expected by running torque theory. Make sure it works according to the functions provided. Based on the selected design concept, the strength of the adjustable holder plate structure was analysed and the maximum stress value was 9,662 MPa. This adjustable plate holder can shorten the straightening process to 61 seconds. The total budget required to manufacture this tool is Rp 17,918,000.00. In future research, it is expected to take into account the overall loading and fabrication carried out to obtain more specific results

Penerapan Metode RCM II untuk Meningkatkan Performa pada Strainer

Missile Fast Boat (KCR 60M) with the type of patrol boat and Hospital Assistance Ship (BRS). In some maintenance processes carried out on the ship system, counted on average carried out for 2 weeks. But that is done for all different equipment and machinery. The topic taken was performance analysis and maintenance proposals for the strainer. Strainer is a support component that functions as an outside water filter that will enter the ship system, because the strainer is the initial entrance of water and easy to do checks and can extend the life time of components such as pumps and heat exchangers that exist in the system. And to analyze all of these things use the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Realibility Centered Maintenance (RCM) methods and the data used such as TTF (Time to Failure) and TTR (Time to Repair). The application of this method is obtained the right maintenance time and more effective. The application of this method to each system on the ship is a sea chest system, sea water cooler system, ballast system, getting an additional maintenance time of 88 hours or about 3 days for the maintenance deadline. In the fuel oil transfer & purifying system, the maximum maintenance time limit is 982 hours or 40 days. As for the oil fill & transfer system to get results which is a time difference of 4.208 hours or about 5 months earlier than company data, it can be a suitable scheduling proposal for each of these systems. And the maximum fouling factor for the strainer component is 3.21 mm. As a result, the life time possessed by each machine component will be longer and its performance becomes optimal especially for strainer components that don’t have a fixed maintenance schedule

RANCANG BANGUN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA DAN PIKOHIDRO DENGAN SISTEM MONITORING JARAK JAUH

Energy is the primary need of society in carrying out their daily needs. However, it is currently a global issue that must be faced because it has a negative impact on producing greenhouse gases. Based on Indonesia's energy outlook in 2021, the potential for renewable energy is very abundant, such as hydro energy of 20,960 MW and solar energy of 6,379 MW. Indonesia has natural potentials such as irrigation flow and solar as a renewable energy source. This research contains the design and construction of a hybrid energy power plant by combining the potential of solar energy and irrigation flow. This research uses a screw turbine and monocrystalline solar panels. Development process used the Ulrich method, comparing 3 product concepts, the first concept was chosen because it was suit among others, easy to fabricate, good portability, and lower costs than existing products. The results of performance tests with a water flow speed of 1.28 m/s, the average power produced by the screw turbine is 29.10 watts, and from solar panels is 24.95 watts. This product is equipped with a remote monitoring system via website to unify the voltage, current and frequency. The total cost of production is Rp. 9,534,284.00,-

Analisis dan Evaluasi Kinerja Heat Exchanger Tipe Shell and Tube – PLTSA Surakarta

Abstract – The reduction of syngas temperature at PLTSa Surakarta is carried out with the help of a shell and tube type heat exchanger. Based on the mechanical properties of the working design, the maximum output temperature of the syngas is 20?. During commissioning, the actual result of syngas temperature does not reach the maximum output temperature specification of the heat exchanger. This research analysis heat exchanger work efficiency was carried out by varying the flow rate of syngas and cooled water. The analysis shows that the flow rate affects the working performance of the heat exchanger in each parameter of Reynold, Prandtl, and Nusselt values. The most effective flow rate in reducing temperature is 1500 Nm3/hr for syngas and 23 m3/hr for cooling water flow rate. With a heat exchanger energy efficiency of 92% at a cooling capacityof 137.0556 kW and Tout syngas 27.75 ?C

Analisa Tegangan dan Nozzle Load pada Jalur Perpipaan Crude Oil Storage Tank

Main Gathering Station (MGS) belongs to the oil and gas company in the Central Java region that serves as terminal storage for crude oil. The company will improve facilities by constructing new storage tank and header manifold. The capacity to be accommodated by 14000 Bbls tank with the aim of being able to fulfill oil demand in the surrounding area. In line with the construction of these equipment also includes piping system that will be designed. Remembering the distribution function for crude oil fluid of pipe on inlet and outlet tank and connected to the header manifold, other than in designing also needed analysis of the piping line. The feasibility of design on pipe NPS 6 can be assessed from the result of the stress that does not exceed the value of allowable stress based on ASME B 31.3 with pipe stress analysis software and also the highest nozzle load results both force and moment to meet the permissible limits. Highest value of stress due to sustained load in the outlet and inlet tank respectively 4119.3 psi and 3268.1 psi. While highest stress due to thermal load at the tank outlet of 3395.9 psi and inlet tank of 4796.8 psi