Bioaccumulation of antimony and arsenic in a highly contaminated stream adjacent to the Hillgrove Mine, NSW, Australia

Bioaccumulation and uptake of antimony (Sb) were investigated in a highly contaminated stream, Bakers Creek, running adjacent to mining and processing of Sb-As ores at Hillgrove Mine, NSW, Australia. Comparisons with arsenic (As) were included owing to its co-occurrence at high concentrations. Mean metalloid creek rhizome sediment concentrations were 777 115g g-1 Sb and 60 6g g-1 As, with water concentrations at 381 23g L-1 Sb and 46 2g L-1 As. Antimony and As were significantly elevated in aquatic autotrophs (96-212g g-1 Sb and 32-245g g-1 As) but Sb had a lower uptake efficiency. Both metalloids were elevated in all macroinvertebrates sampled (94-316g g-1 Sb and 1.8-62g g-1 As) except Sb in gastropods. Metalloids were detected in upper trophic levels although biomagnification was not evident. Metalloid transfer to riparian vegetation leaves from roots and rhizome soil was low but rhizome soil to leaf As concentration ratios were up to 2-3 times greater than Sb concentration ratios. Direct exposure to the rhizosphere sediments and soils, water ingestion and consumption of aquatic autotrophs appear to be the major routes of Sb and As uptake for the fauna of Bakers Creek

THE HEALTH CARE MARKETPLACE; PERSPECTIVES ON A SYSTEM IN TRANSITION

Within the last 35 years health care expenditures have increased from $12 billion t o over$350 billion. Recent concern over these costs have led to a reevaluation of the health care delivery system in the United States. This paper reviews four emerging cost containment models. The discussion focuses on the "market-likell incentives introduced in to the health care delivery system by such strategies. Copyright 1986 by The Policy Studies Organization.

The first gene-based map of Lupinus angustifolius L.-location of domestication genes and conserved synteny with Medicago truncatula

We report the first gene-based linkage map of Lupinus angustifolius (narrow-leafed lupin) and its comparison to the partially sequenced genome of Medicago truncatula. The map comprises 382 loci in 20 major linkage groups, two triplets, three pairs and 11 unlinked loci and is 1,846 cM in length. The map was generated from the segregation of 163 RFLP markers, 135 gene-based PCR markers, 75 AFLP and 4 AFLP-derived SCAR markers in a mapping population of 93 recombinant inbred lines, derived from a cross between domesticated and wild-type parents. This enabled the mapping of five major genes controlling key domestication traits in L. angustifolius. Using marker sequence data, the L. angustifolius genetic map was compared to the partially completed M. truncatula genome sequence. We found evidence of conserved synteny in some regions of the genome despite the wide evolutionary distance between these legume species. We also found new evidence of widespread duplication within the L. angustifolius genome