The Current Approaches to the Transborder Studies in the Sphere of Tourism

The transborder relations have been intensively studied recently. The target of research depends on the specialization of the scientists involved in studying different aspects of transboundary ties. Depending on the aims, researchers elaborate on the notion of a transboundary region itself. The objective of our study is the consideration of approaches of different fields of study to the issues of transborder tourism; a search of innovative forms of transborder cooperation and identification of tools having a stimulating impact on the development of transborder tourism regions as a form of sustainable socio-economic development of transborder and border areas. Methods: comparative analysis, recreational and marketing approaches applied in tourism and recreational projecting of a space, and a cluster approach. The study resulted in the identification of the main areas of transborder and border cooperation; sets of issues were determined connected with studying transborder regions; properties characteristic of transborder regions were specified; major innovative tools were identified influencing the establishment of new transborder regions and clustering of the existing ones; and common regularities of tourism development in border regions were determined. Keywords: transborder tourism region, tourism resources, cross-border tourism, spatial planning in tourism, regional development, geographical aspects of tourism JEL Classifications: F5; L8; Z

Cross-border Movement of People between Russia and Poland and Their Influence on the Economy of Border Regions

The ever-increasing role of cross-border movement for the development of the economies of the regions of neighboring countries located in the immediate vicinity of the border defines the topicality of this research. It is important to continually assess the dynamics of cross-border cooperation, reflecting the change in the foreign policy interaction between the Russian Federation and neighboring countries in Europe, to develop timely measures to minimize the negative consequences of such tendencies. The aim of research was to analyze the dynamics of cross-border movements and exchanges between the residents of the Kaliningrad Region and Poland, the assessment of the objectives' structure of visits and the distance from the border to the visit target. As a result of the research was compiled a “portrait” of the main groups of residents of the Kaliningrad region and Poland participating in cross-border movements, and authors' assessment of the positive and negative effects of such movements and exchanges on the economic development of these regions is given. Keywords: trans-border cooperation, regional development, economic cooperation, tourism, Kaliningrad region, Russia, Poland JEL Classifications: F63, R1

Kaliningrad Architectural Landscape as a Tourist Attraction

The authors consider the development of urban tourism as one of the factors behind the socioeconomic development of a territory. They give estimates for tourism revenues associated with the emergence of a new attraction and its inclusion into travel itineraries and landmark maps. The authors look at the experience of development of historical European towns from the perspective of tourist attractiveness and explore the role of architectural landscape in creating a positive image of a town for tourists; they also provide a background for including historical and cultural landmarks into a traveller's experience. The authors analyse the results of the international urban development competition for the best concept of the historical area of the centre of Kaliningrad Korolevskaya Gora and Its Surroundings/The Heart of the City. Further, they come up with recommendations on using the most interesting proposals of the contestants from the perspective of tourist attractiveness and identify the possibilities for the development of new architectural landscapes

Problems and Prospects of Cross-Border Cooperation in Tourism between Russia and Europe

The relevance of this research is related to the increasing role of tourism in the world in general and in border areas in particular. This article sets out to identify the problems and prospects of the development of cross-border cooperation in tourism between Russia and European countries. The authors focus on the scientific and theoretical aspects of cross-border cooperation and examine the role of tourism, and recreational potential and its effective use. The authors employ the methods of expert judgement and statistical analysis, refer to the surveys of Russian and European consumers showing their preferences, as well as to the authors’ own materials. The analysis makes it possible to have a deeper insight into the issue of cross-border cooperation in tourism between Russia and European countries and to assess the prospects of it. The authors provide an assessment of changes in the socio-economic relations between Russia and European countries and identify key problems in the development of cross-border cooperation in tourism. These problems relate to both macroeconomic and regional/industrial factors. The article is of interest for researchers studying cross-border tourism, the regional and local administrations of border areas of Russia and European countries, and representatives of the tourism business