Metabolic alterations in experimental models of depression

Introduction: Major depressive disorder is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and is associated with a severe impact on the personal functioning, thus with incurring significant direct and indirect costs. The presence of depression in patients with medical comorbidities increases the risks of myocardial infarction and decreases diabetes control, and adherence to treatment. The mechanism through which these effects are produced is still uncertain. Objectives of this study were to evaluate the metabolic alterations in female Wistar rats with induced depression, with and without administration of Agomelatine. The methods included two experiments. All data were analyzed by comparison with group I (control), and with each other. In the first experiment we induced depression by: exposure to chronic mild stress-group II; olfactory bulbectomy-group III; and exposure to chronic mild stress and hyperlipidic/ hyper caloric diet-group IV. The second experiment was similar with the first but the rats received Agomelatine (0.16mg/ animal): group V (depression induced through exposure to chronic mild stress), VI (depression induced through olfactory bulbectomy) and VII (depression induced through exposure to chronic mild stressing hyperlipidic/ hypercaloric diet). Weight, cholesterol, triglycerides and glycaemia were measured at day 0 and 28, and leptin value was measured at day 28. The results in the 1st experiment revealed significant differences (pconclusion, significant correlations were found between high level of triglycerides and depression induced by chronic stress and olfactory bulbectomy. Agomelatine groups had a lower increase of triglycerides levels

Multidimensional scaling for orthodontic root resorption

The paper investigates the risk factors for the severity of orthodontic root resorption. The multidimensional scaling (MDS) visualization method is used to investigate the experimental data from patients who received orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, during a period of 4 years. The clusters emerging in the MDS plots reveal features and properties not easily captured by classical statistical tools. The results support the adoption of MDS for tackling the dentistry information and overcoming noise embedded into the data. The method introduced in this paper is rapid, efficient, and very useful for treating the risk factors for the severity of orthodontic root resorption

Jetrena osteodistrofija: globalni pre(po)gled problema

Hepatic osteodystrophy is a common and frequently untreated complication, manifested as osteoporosis or osteopenia, encountered in the evolution of chronic liver diseases. Th is article provides a narrative review of hepatic osteodystrophy. Th e aim is to revise the prevalence, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of hepatic osteodystrophy. We searched medical literature via PubMed, Google Scholar, Wiley, Science Direct, and Springer Link using respective keywords to obtain data on low bone mineral density connected to chronic liver diseases. Many studies have reported an increased prevalence of osteoporosis/osteopenia in patients with chronic liver diseases. Th e pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving genetic factors, vitamin defi ciencies, proinfl ammatory cytokines, hypogonadism, hyperbilirubinemia, antiviral therapy, corticosteroid drugs, and lifestyle factors. Th e management of patients should include individualized assessment for fracture risk factors and bone mineral density. Vitamin D and calcium supplementation should be recommended in all patients with chronic liver diseases and osteoporosis. Bisphosphonates are the most effi cient drugs used in the treatment of hepatic osteodystrophy. In the future, it is necessary to defi ne better the management and specifi c treatment of hepatic osteodystrophy for prevention of fragility fractures and to improve the patient quality of life.Jetrena osteodistrofi ja je česta i nerijetko neliječena komplikacija koja se manifestira kao osteoporoza ili osteopenija, a susreće se u bolesnika s kroničnim bolestima jetre. Ovaj narativni pregled jetrene osteodistrofi je preispituje učestalost, patofiziologiju, dijagnostiku i liječenje jetrene osteodistrofi je. Proveli smo pretragu medicinske literature u bazama podataka PubMed, Google Scholar, Wiley, Science Direct i Springer Link pomoću prikladnih ključnih riječi kako bismo dobili podatke o niskoj mineralnoj gustoći kosti povezanoj s kroničnim bolestima jetre. Mnoga istraživanja izvještavaju o povećanoj učestalosti osteoporoze/osteopenije u bolesnika s kroničnim jetrenim bolestima. Patogeneza je multifaktorijalna i uključuje genetske čimbenike, pomanjkanje raznih vitamina, proupalne citokine, hipogonadizam, hiperbilirubinemiju, protuvirusnu terapiju, kortikosteroidne lijekove te čimbenike povezane s načinom života. Liječenje ovih bolesnika treba obuhvatiti individualiziranu procjenu čimbenika rizika za prijelome te mineralnu gustoću kosti. Svim bolesnicima s kroničnim bolestima jetre i osteoporozom treba preporučiti uzimanje dodataka vitamina C i kalcija. Bisfosfonati su najučinkovitiji lijekovi za liječenje jetrene osteodistrofi je. Potrebno je bolje defi nirati zbrinjavanje i specifi čno liječenje jetrene osteodistrofi je kako bi se sprije čili prijelomi zbog krhkih kosti te poboljšala kvaliteta života ovih bolesnika

Multiple Bone Metastatic Invasion with Clinical Implications due to Ductal Mammary Carcinoma – Case report and Short Literature Review

Multidisciplinary approach of clinical cases in rehabilitations units can be very complex and divers. Method: We present a case of a woman 30 years old, whose oncological histo-ry begins 9 years ago, when the diagnosis of invasive ductal mammary infiltrating ca-nelular carcinoma grade I was made and treated by tumorectomy (lumpectomy). The pa-tient refused oncological treatment at that time and resorted to alternative medicine dur-ing a period of 7 years: diet without sugar and animal products; regular vitamin B17 treatments; almond kernel cure; high-dose intravenous vitamin C treatment for; intrave-nous ozone therapy; apitherapy with bee venom; oral administration of cannabis oil dur-ing the past four years until now; physical therapy. Results: The evolution is marked by the appearance of multiple bone metastatic lesions. The most worst clinical consequence was a hyperalgesic cervicobrachial neuralgia, due to multiple C6-T3 lytic lesions diag-nosed 2 years ago and C7 compression (close to spinal cord injury), situation which had as medical approach two surgeries interventions, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Con-clusions: The rehabilitation program was adapted to every stage of clinical evolution and was marked by many complications. All the steps were made for functional improvement and for increase the quality of life

Incidence of spinal cord injuries in Constanta County (Romania) between 2017-2021

The purpose of this study was to investigated cases of spinal cord injury (SCI) during the years 2017-2021, in Constanta County (Romania) to update the data on SCI and thus identify the SCI trends in this region of Romania. Methods: The study retrospectively analysed patients with SCI in Constanța County, whose data (medical records) were provided to us by the Romania Motivation Foundation. This analysis was made for the period January 1, 2017 - August 31, 2021. Results: Ninety-six new traumatic cases of SCI were reported between 2017 and 2021 in Constanța County. It was found that the annual incidence is 2.48 per hundred thousand inhabitants. The male / female ratio was 5:1 and the mean age at injury was 33.52 ± 15.1 (33.41 ± 14.80 for men and 33.92 ± 16.01 for women). The most common cause of injury was unintentional fall (48.95%), followed by road accidents (39.58%), stab wounds (4.16%), gunshot wounds (3.12%) and injuries caused by diving 2.08%). Fifteen patients (15.62%) were quadriplegic, and 81 patients (84.37%) were paraplegic. The most common level of lesions was C4 (33.33%) in tetraplegics and T12 (25.92%) in paraplegics. The most common associated injury was head trauma (15.8%), followed by limb fractures (9.5%). The incidence rate of SCI in Constanta County increased (p <0.05) and the highest increase in the incidence of spinal cord injuries was observed among patients in the age groups 29 - 49 years. Conclusions: Due to the existence of limitations, it is difficult to obtain accurate epidemiological data for SCI. Therefore, more studies are needed to provide a large amount of data and evidence. Our data indicate the need to take measures both for prevention and to provide specialized care for this type of traumatic pathology

Transplantul hepatic ortotopic de la donator decedat la adult. Experienţa Centrului de Chirurgie Generală şi transplant hepatic Fundeni

Studiul de faţă analizează experienţa Centrului de Chirurgie Generală şi Transplant Hepatic din Institutul Clinic Fundeni în transplantul hepatic ortotopic cu ficat întreg de la donator decedat la adult (THO), din aprilie 2000 până în aprilie 2006. În această perioadă au fost realizate 45 de THO – 20 femei şi 25 de bărbaţi, cu vârste cuprinse între 19-57 de ani (medie de 45 ani).Indicaţiile pentru transplantare au fost: ciroză VHB – 11, ciroză VHB VHD – 6, ciroză VHC – 13 (2 cu hepatocarcinom), ciroză VHB VHC – 2, ciroză VHB VHD etanol – 1, ciroză biliară primitivă – 5, boala Wilson – 2, ciroză toxic-nutriţională – 2, ciroza toxică non-alcoolică – 1, ciroză autoimună – 1, colangită sclerogenă primitivă – 1. Cu trei excepţii, la care s-a folosit tehnica clasică de transplantare, ficatul a fost grefat după tehnica Belghiti. Complicaţiile postoperatorii locale au survenit la 19 bolnavi (42,22%), iar generale la 19 (42,22%); complicaţiile tardive au fost înregistrate la 20 pacienţi (44,44%), iar recidiva bolii la 7 pacienţi (15,55%). Mortalitatea intraoperatorie şi postoperatorie imediată a fost de 6,66% (3 din 45 pacienţi). La peste 30 de zile de la TH, au decedat alţi cinci pacienţi (11,11%). Patru pacienţi (8,88%) au decedat la distanţă de momentul transplantului prin boală venoocluzivă, prin cancer bronho-pulmonar şi prin infarct miocardic -2. Patruzeci si doi de pacienţi au supravieţuit perioadei postoperatorii (93,33%) şi 33 peste un an (73,33%). THO reprezintă metoda principală de transplantare hepatică, cu o morbiditate şi mortalitate acceptabile

LINK BETWEEN SKELETAL RELATIONS AND ROOT RESORPTION IN ORTHODONTIC PATIENTS

External root resorption is one of the possible complications of the orthodontic treatment, severe cases presenting a higher frequency. The aim of the present study was to test the existence of a relation between the severity of root resorption and the sagittal or vertical skeletal relations. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a group of 55 patients with fixed orthodontic devices, applied bimaxillarily for at least 6 months. The sample presented mostly mild or moderate apical root resorption, with an average value of 1.31 mm (standard deviation 0.60). Patients with abnormal sagittal skeletal relations presented a more severe root resorption compared to those with a normal pattern. The tendency towards more severe external root resorption was also noticed in cases with mandibular clockwise rotation and hiperdivergent facial pattern. A good knowledge on the variables associated to severe root resorption is essential for the identification of the high risk patients, as well as for the selection of the best suited treatment alternative in terms of low probability of root resorption occurrence

THE NEED FOR ORAL REHABILITATION IN OPEN BITE

Aim of the study .The open bite is a part of dentomaxillary anomalies and is classified by anatomic open bite and functional open bite. In this study, we demonstrated the frequency of the open bite , the dysfunctional factors involved as well as the etiopathogenesis of the anomaly. Materials and methods. We did a retrospective study for a group of 290 patients who were treated at the clinic Orthodontics “Iuliu Haţieganu” Cluj Napoca (2015-2017). The study was based on data collected from completed forms for each patient. Results. The data were systematized in tables and were subjected to statistical analysis. Our study focuses on a group of 290 patients of which 26 (9%) have an open bite, and 264 patients (91%) have other dentomaxillary anomalies. Conclusions . Prophylaxis means and interception will eliminate dysfunctional factors and ensure the normal development of the dentomaxillary apparatus