Effect of rosuvastatin on arginase enzyme activity and polyamine production in experimental breast cancer

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumour of women around the world. As a key enzyme of the urea cycle, arginase leads to the formation of urea and ornithine from L-arginine. In the patients with several different cancers, arginase has been found to be higher and reported to be a useful biological marker. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rosuvastatin on serum and cancer tissue arginase enzyme activity, and ornithine and polyamine (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) levels. Study Design: Animal experiment. Methods: In this study, 50 male Balb/c mice were used. Erchlich acid tumour cells were injected into the subcutaneous part of their left foot. The mice were divided into five groups: healthy control group, healthy treatment, tumour control, treatment 1 and treatment 2. Then, 1 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg doses of rosuvastatin were given intraperitoneally. Serum and tissue arginase enzyme activities and tissue ornithine levels were determined spectrophotometrically. HPLC measurement of polyamines were applied. Results: Increased serum arginase activity and polyamine levels were significantly decreased with rosuv- astatin treatment. In the tumour tissue, arginase activity and ornithine levels were significantly decreased in treatment groups compared to the tumour group. Tissue polyamine levels also decreased with rosuvastatin treatment. Conclusion: We suggest that rosuvastatin may have some protective effects on breast cancer development as it inhibits arginase enzyme activity and ornithine levels, precursors of polyamines, and also polyamine levels. This protective effect may be through the induction of nitric oxide (NO) production via nitric oxide synthase (NOS). As a promising anticancer agent, the net effects of rosuvastatin in this mechanism should be supported with more advanced studies and new parameters

Balkan Medical Journal and Legal Regulation

[Abtract Not Available

The antioxidant effects of taurine, melatonin and N-acetylcysteine in cadmium-induced lung injury

Amaç: Antioksidan özelliği bilinen taurin, melatonin ve N-asetilsisteinin (NAC) kadmiyum klorüre (CdCl2) bağlı olarak gelişen akciğer hasarını önlemedeki ve oluşmuş hasarı tedavi etmedeki etkinlikleri karşılaştırıldı. Çalışma Planı: Çalışmamızda 90 adet erkek Sprague-Dawley cinsi sıçan dokuz gruba ayrıldı. Üç ay süreyle grup 1'e içme suyu, grup 2'ye 200 ppm CdCl2, grup 3'e 200 ppm CdCl2 ve %1 taurin, grup 4'e 200 ppm CdCl2 ve %0.02 melatonin, grup 5'e 200 ppm CdCl2 ve %0.5 NAC içme sularına katıldı. Grup 6, 7, 8 ve 9'un içme sularına üç ay süreyle 200 ppm CdCl2 katıldıktan sonra; yedi gün süreyle 6. gruba içme suyu, 7. gruba %4 taurin, 8. gruba %0.08 melatonin ve 9. gruba %2 NAC içme sularına katılarak verildi. Bulgular: Koruyucu amaçla verilen melatonin ve NAC'nin azalmış glutatyon düzeyini artırdığı, hem koruyucu hem de tedavi amaçlı verilen üç ajanın da artmış olan lipit peroksidasyonun son ürünlerinden biri olan malondialdehit düzeylerini azalttığı görüldü. Sonuç: Taurin, melatonin ve NAC CdCl2'e bağlı olarak gelişen akciğer hasarına karşı hem koruyucu hem de tedavi edici rol oynamaktadır.Objectives: The potential protective and therapeutic effects of taurine, melatonin and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which are recognized as antioxidant agents, in cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-induced lung injury were compared. Study Design: Ninety male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 9 groups. During the 3 months treatment period, group 1 received drinking water, group 2 200 ppm CdCl2, group 3 200 ppm CdCl2 and 1% taurine, to, group 4, 200 ppm CdCl2 and 0.02% melatonin, and group 5 received 200 ppm CdCl2 and 0.5% NAC all added into drinking water in each group. After, groups 6, 7, 8 and 9 received 200 ppm CdCl2 in their drinking water for 3 months, group 6 was given drinking water, group 7, 4% taurine, group 8, 0.08% melatonin and group 9, 2% NAC, each for 7 days. Results: Melatonin and NAC which were given for protective purposes, increased the decreased glutathione levels. The 3 substances that were administered for both protective and therapeutic purposes, decreased the increased malondialdehyde levels, one of the end products of lipid peroxidation. Conclusion: Taurine, melatonin and NAC play protective and therapeutic roles in CdCl2 induced lung injury

Effects of vitamin A and E on arginase activity, ornithine and urea levels in brain tissues of rats on long-term alcohol administration

Amaç: Sıçanlarda uzun süreli alkol kullanımının beyin arjinaz enzim aktivitesi ve ornitin üzerine etkisi ile C ve E vitaminlerinin bu parametreler üzerindeki etkisi araştırıldı. Çalışma Planı: Çalışmada 4-6 aylık, 75 erkek Wistar Albino cinsi sıçan kullanıldı. On beşerlik gruplar halinde beş çalışma grubu oluşturuldu. Birinci gruba alkole eşit kaloride glukoz oral yoldan verilirken, 2. gruba alkol, 3. gruba alkole ek olarak C vitamini, 4. gruba alkole ek olarak E vitamini, 5. gruba alkole ek olarak C ve E vitaminleri 20 hafta süreyle verildi. Yirminci hafta sonunda sıçanlar sakrifiye edildi. Beyin dokusu örneklerinde arjinaz enzim aktivitesi, ornitin ve üre düzeyleri ölçüldü. Bulgular: Beyin dokusu arjinaz aktivitesi, ornitin ve üre düzeyleri tedavi alan gruplarda alkol grubuna oranla anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu. Sonuç: Kronik alkol kullanımında arttığı bilinen nitrik oksit sentazın (NOS), L-arjinin havuzunun tükenmesine yol açarak arjinaz enzim aktivitesinde azalmaya neden olabileceği, antioksidan vitaminler olarak C ve E vitaminlerinin kullanımının, oksidatif stresi azaltıp arjinaz/NOS yolağını arjinaz lehine çevirebileceği ve olumsuz etkileri bilinen nitrik oksit üretiminin azalmasının söz konusu olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Aynı anda üretimi artan poliaminler bu olumlu etkiyi daha da artırabilecektir. Dolayısı ile kronik alkol kullanımının zararlı etkilerini azaltmada C ve E vitaminlerinden yararlanılabilir.Objectives: The effect of long-term alcohol administration on brain arginase enzyme activity, ornithine and urea levels and the changes induced by administration of vitamins C and E were investigated. Study Design: Seventy-five male Wistar Albino rats between 4-6 months of age were used. Five study groups, each consisting of 15 rats were formed. The first group received oral glucose with a calorie value equivalent to alcohol. The second group received alcohol, the third, fourth and fifth groups received vitamins C, E and C+E, respectively, in addition to alcohol, for 20 weeks. All animals were sacrificed by the end of 20 weeks and arginase activity, ornithine and urea levels were measured in brain tissue samples. Results: In the treatment groups, arginase activities, ornithine and urea levels were significantly higher than the alcohol group (group 2). Conclusion: These results suggest that the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme which isshown to have increased in chronic alcohol intake, may cause a decrease in arginase enzyme activity via depleting the L-arginine pool. Antioxidant replacement therapy may increase the arginase enzyme activity and therefore lead to a decrease in nitric oxide production which has been shown to have some negative effects. On the other hand, simultaneously increased polyamine production may potentiate the beneficial effects of these vitamins.Thus, vitamins C and E may prove to be effective in reducing the deleterious effects of chronic alcohol consumption

Larinks epidermoid karsinom prognozunda klinik ve histopatolojik kriterlerin rolü

TEZ3693Tez (Uzmanlık) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2001.Kaynakça (s. 38-41) var.v, 42 s. ; 30 cm.

Meme kist sıvısı serbest amino asit profili

Amaç: Kistik meme hastalıkları kadınlarda en fazla görülen meme hastalığıdır. Apokrin epitelli (Na/K3) olmak üzere iki tip meme kisti bulunmaktadır. Yapılan çeşitli çalışmalar memesinde kistik bir oluşum bulunan kadınların 1.7-7.5 kat daha fazla meme kanserine yakalanma riski taşıdıklarını ortaya koymuştur. Kanserli hastaların periferal dolaşımına bakıldığında ise genellikle anormal bir amino asit profili saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, amino asit profilindeki değişiklikler organ düzeyindeki kanserler ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı meme kanseri gelişimi yönünden yüksek ve düşük risk grubu kistlerdeki amino asit düzeylerini incelemek ve bu kistlerden meme kanseri gelişimi yönündeki olası mekanizmaları araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada kistik meme hastalığı olan kadınlardan alınan meme kist sıvısı kullanıldı. Meme kist sıvısı amino asit düzeyleri HPLC metodu ile ölçüldü. Bulgular: Apokrin epitelli kist grubunda aspartik asit, glutamik asit, hidroksiprolin, serin, glisin, treonin, alanin, prolin, tirozin, metiyonin, izolösin, fenilalanin ve triptofan düzeyleri anlamlı olarak yüksek, lizin düzeyi ise düşük bulundu. Sonuç: Kanser gelişimi yönünden yüksek riske sahip olan apokrin epitelli kistlerde bulunan daha yüksek amino asit düzeyleri, amino asitlerin meme kanseri gelişim sürecinde potansiyel bir role sahip olabileceğini göstermektedir.Objective: Gross cystic breast disease (GCBD) is the most common benign breast disease. There are two types of breast cyst; lined by apocrine epithelium (Na/K<3) or flattened epithelium (Na/K>3). Several studies have shown that women with palpable breast cysts may have 1.7-7.5 times higher risk of developing breast cancer. Patients with malignant disease usually show abnormal amino acid profiles in the peripheral circulation. Changes in amino acid profile diagnostically correlate with organ sites of malignancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of amino acids in two cyst groups and possible mechanisms involved in the development of breast cancer. Material and Methods: The breast cyst fluid aspirated from women with GCBD were analysed. Breast cyst fluid amino acid levels were determined with HPLC. Results: Aspartic acid, glutamic acid, hydroxyproline, serine, glycine, threonine, alanine, proline, tyrosine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine and tryptophan levels were significantly higher, and lysine levels were lower in the apocrine epithelial cysts. Conclusion: In this study, higher concentrations of amino acids in apocrine cysts, which are also known to have a higher risk of developing breast cancer, may indicate the possible role(s) of amino acids in the mechanism of breast cancer development