Norms of Morality as the Foundation for the Development of Legislation on the Digital Economy

The study is devoted to identifying the importance of moral norms in the formation of a regulatory framework in the digital economy. Objective: to determine the role of moral norms in the era of the digital economy in law. Results: the importance of moral norms as an effective criterion for determining the admissibility and justification of a new legal norm is proved. Moral norms should be used when establishing rules of conduct in connection with digital objects and the user agreement. The law of the digital economy does not need the formation of new principles of ethics or other in connection with the introduction of digital technologies

Radial HI Profiles at the Periphery of Galactic Disks: The Role of Ionizing Background Radiation

Observations of neutral hydrogen in spiral galaxies reveal a sharp cutoff in the radial density profile at some distance from the center. Using 22 galaxies with known HI distributions as an example, we discuss the question of whether this effect can be associated exclusively with external ionizing radiation, as is commonly assumed. We show that before the surface density reaches $\sigma_{\textrm{HI}}\le 0.5 {\cal M}_\odot/{\textrm {pc}}^2$(the same for galaxies of different types), it is hard to expect the gas to be fully ionized by background radiation. For two of 13 galaxies with a sharp drop in the HI profile, the "steepening" can actually be caused by ionization. At the same time, for the remaining galaxies, the observed cutoff in the radial HI profile is closer to the center than if it was a consequence of ionization by background radiation and, therefore, it should be caused by other factors.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figure

THERMAL STABILITY AND EXTRA-STRENGTH OF AN ULTRAFINE GRAINED STAINLESS STEEL PRODUCED BY HIGH PRESSURE TORSION

International audienceInvestigations of an ultrafine-grained (UFG) Cr-Ni austenitic stainless steel produced by high pressure torsion (HPT) at room and elevated (400 C) temperatures followed by series of annealing up to 700 C are reported. The grain size of the alloy processed at room temperature (55 nm) was found to be about twice lower than the grain size of the alloy (90 nm) processed at elevated temperature. Besides, both as-processed states demonstrated a very high value of microhardness (~590 Hv) , while the steel in initial quenched state had the microhardness about 155 Hv. It is shown that the hardness of the steel in both UFG states does not decrease with annealing up to 650 C, and even a certain increase in hardness was observed for the steel produced at room temperature. At higher temperature (700 C), the recrystallization starts, and precipitation was observed

Перспективы внедрения цифрового рубля в денежный оборот России: атрибуты и принципы формирования доверенной цифровой среды

The rapid nature of the modernization of monetary turnover, accompanied by geopolitical risks against the background of post-pandemic economic recovery and the regionalization process, no longer just arouses the discursive interest of society, but becomes an indispensable condition of the new reality. The process of money turnover transformation by introducing digital currencies into circulation in the wave of digitalization among world powers lagging behind the evolving environment of the cryptocurrency industry is developing into a process of formalization of metaverses and penetrates deeper into the socio-economic reality. The problem of the Russian practice of developing the payment environment consists in its catching-up character, caused by the spontaneous formation of the digital society, resulting in the expansion of the scope of alternative finance outside the legal field. The purpose of the paper is to determine the inherent attributes of the digital trusted environment necessary to ensure digital ruble turnover, based on an empirical study of society’s perceptions about the prospects for using the digital form of the national monetary unit by representatives of various generations. We used systematization, grouping, comparative and content analysis, surveys, and the quota method to achieve the paper’s purpose. The survey involved 35,327 residents from different regions. As a result, the authors revealed the low level of readiness of society for the introduction of the digital ruble as a substitute for cash and cryptocurrency. The paper focuses on the need for an integrated approach to the disclosure of the digital ruble’s value and benefits, which contributes to its successful launch and promotion in the market. The results of the research highlight the importance of correspondence in the digital ruble category “digital currencies”, and also the impossibility of making incorrect decisions in the transformation of money turnover, which leads to the growth of risks of digital inequality, the clash of interests of certain groups of the population in the prevailing behavioral patterns in the form of a cautious attitude to digital finance with insufficient financial literacy.Стремительный характер модернизации денежного оборота, сопровождаемой геополитическими рисками на фоне постпандемийного восстановления экономики и процесса регионализации, не просто вызывает дискурсивный интерес общества, а становится неотъемлемым условием новой реальности. Процесс трансформации денежного оборота путем внедрения цифровых валют на волне гонки цифровизации среди мировых держав, отстающих от эволюционирующей криптовалютной индустрии, перерастает в процесс формализации метавселенных и все глубже проникает в социально- экономическую действительность. Проблема российской практики развития платежной среды заключается в ее догоняющем характере, обусловленном самопроизвольным становлением цифрового общества, приводящем к расширению масштабов альтернативных финансов вне рамок правового поля. Целью исследования стало определение неотъемлемых атрибутов доверенной цифровой среды, необходимой для обеспечения оборота цифрового рубля, и выявление особенностей восприятия перспектив использования цифровой формы национальной денежной единицы представителями различных поколений. Для достижения цели использованы методы систематизации, группировки, компаративного и кон- тент-анализа, анкетирования, метод квот. В опросе приняли участие 35 327 жителей различных регионов страны. Выявлен низкий уровень готовности общества к внедрению цифрового рубля как заместителя наличных денег и альтернативы криптовалюты. Акцентировано внимание на необходимости комплексного подхода к раскрытию ценности и преимуществ цифрового рубля, содействующего его успешному запуску и продвижению. Результаты исследования подчеркивают значимость соответствия цифрового рубля категории «цифровые валюты» и акцентируют внимание на недопустимости принятия неверных решений при трансформации денежного оборота, приводящих к нарастанию рисков цифрового неравенства, столкновению интересов определенных групп населения в условиях сложившихся поведенческих паттернов в виде настороженного отношения к Digital finance при недостаточной финансовой грамотности

VIOLATION OF INFORMATION ECOLOGY IN MEDIA SPACE

The extreme “pollution” of the global information space has a negative impact on the social well-being of the population for media space is a kind of social space covered by the media. It is necessary to create an effective system of legal protection and social guarantees so that any citizen can receive minimal social protection and be protected from the negative impact of the adverse ecology of the mass media. Not everyone who is experiencing intense exposure to the media is aware of its negative effects including “fatigue syndrome”. To prevent it, D. Lewis proposes the following algorithm: use all information technologies of business and everyday communication; improve the methods of studying and processing data; set the right priorities for their analysis and use [26]. All media and actors that interact with them must master information culture, for which it is necessary to train specialists in the field of media ecology who are aware of the influence of media and social technologies on people’s feelings, thoughts, values and behavior. So far, experts on media ecology do not have a sufficient theoretical basis for conducting sociological research and identifying how the media forces the audience to structure what it sees, hears and feels in a certain way. Today’s media (especially electronic) can have a violent and undesirable effect - this is not only a psychological but also a philosophical, social and cultural problem that affects both children and adults. “Information anarchy” leads not only to moderate negative consequences but in some cases to “information ecocide” - destruction of traditional information and the media. Countering the contamination of the information environment should include the following steps: development of requirements for the content creation; monitoring of the collection, storage, processing and destruction of information; development of criteria for assessing the use of information. It is necessary to introduce a single rating system for information products, which will allow users to evaluate the quality of information sources according to the following criteria: purity of information; work on creating content; source coverage; quality (completeness) of information; sources of specific data sets; social-demographic characteristics of potential users

Evaluation of the Effectiveness as to the Provision of Biological Safety of Works with Fixed Rabies Virus in the Process of Anti-Rabies Immunoglobulin Manufacturing

Analyzed is the performance of works with the strains of fixed rabies virus under the conditions of anti-rabies immunoglobulin manufacturing. Evaluated is the effectiveness of the established system for the provision of biological safety, which has allowed for safe manufacturing of anti-rabies immunoglobulin within the period of 12 years

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE OPTIMIZATION FOR CHECKING RESIDUAL ETHANOL IN THE PREPARATION OF HETEROLOGOUS ANTI-RABIES IMMUNOGLOBULIN

The article presents the results of determination of residual ethanol in the preparation of heterologous antirabies immunoglobulin, using portable photoionization gas chromatograph PGC-1. The advantages of the method are as follows: accuracy, sensitivity, promptness. It does not require sample preparation; the results can be processed automatically

Specific features of Bazhenov suite sediments in south-eastern Nurolsk sedimentary basin (Tomsk Oblast)

The specific sediment features in Georgiev (J[3]kmgr), Bazhenov (J3vbg) and Kulomzin (K1bkl) suites, exposed by drilling in the S-E Nurolsk depression (Tomsk Oblast), were defined and described via petrographic, X-ray diffraction and fluorescence-microscopy analysis methods. The classification of agrillites was identified, the structure-texture features, composition, voids and bitumen types and their distribution were determined. It was defined that Bazhenov suite argillites are characteristic of fine-dispersion, high biogenic silica content and scattered organic matter, enriched multi-composite syngenetic bitumen (from light to resin-asphaltine), as well as fractured surface where the migration of light bitumen occurs

(Anti-)self-dual homogeneous vacuum gluon field as an origin of confinement and SUL(NF)×SUR(NF)SU_L(N_F)\times SU_R(N_F) symmetry breaking in QCD

It is shown that an (anti-)self-dual homogeneous vacuum gluon field appears in a natural way within the problem of calculation of the QCD partition function in the form of Euclidean functional integral with periodic boundary conditions. There is no violation of cluster property within this formulation, nor are parity, color and rotational symmetries broken explicitly. The massless limit of the product of the quark masses and condensates, $m_f \langle \bar\psi_f \psi_f \rangle$, is calculated to all loop orders. This quantity does not vanish and is proportional to the gluon condensate appearing due to the nonzero strength of the vacuum gluon field. We conclude that the gluon condensate can be considered as an order parameter both for confinement and chiral symmetry breaking.Comment: 16 pages, LaTe

Predicted facies, sedimentary structures and potential resources of Jurassic petroleum complex in S-E Western Siberia (based on well logging data)

This paper is devoted to the current problem in petroleum geology and geophysics- prediction of facies sediments for further evaluation of productive layers. Applying the acoustic method and the characterizing sedimentary structure for each coastal-marine-delta type was determined. The summary of sedimentary structure characteristics and reservoir properties (porosity and permeability) of typical facies were described. Logging models SP, EL and GR (configuration, curve range) in interpreting geophysical data for each litho-facies were identified. According to geophysical characteristics these sediments can be classified as coastal-marine-delta. Prediction models for potential Jurassic oil-gas bearing complexes (horizon J[1]{1}) in one S-E Western Siberian deposit were conducted. Comparing forecasting to actual testing data of layer J[1]{1} showed that the prediction is about 85%