Perbanyakan Tunas Mikro pada Beberapa Umur Simpan Umbi dan Pembentukan Umbi Mikro Bawang Merah pada Dua Suhu Ruang Kultur

Shallot bulb generally stored for several month before planted in the fi eld. Since explant age is one of important factors in tissue culture development, storage period of shallot bulb might alter the explant growth in vitro. Shoots of shallot formed in the in vitro culture should form bulbs before can be use as seedling, and temperature may affect micro bulb induction. Two experiments had been conducted to evaluate 1) the effect of storage period in the fi eld on the growth of shallot explant in vitro and 2) the effect of culture room temperature in microbulbs induction of shallot. In the fi rst experiment, shallot bulb had been stored for 1, 2, 3 and 4 months before used as explants. Storage period signifi cantly infl uenced the explant growth in vitro. Bulb with 2 months storage gave the best performance on number of micro shoot, number of leaves and roots, and less of vitrifi cation. Micro shoots on three weeks after planting (WAP) was feasible to use as propagule for shallot micro bulb induction. In the second experiment, shoots from propagation medium was transplanted to bulb induction medium and grown in growth chamber with different temperatures (day/night) 20/17 oC and 30/27 oC, respectively. Micro bulb induction was infl uenced by temperature. Lower temperature showed good results for number of leaves, length of leaves, number of roots, and length of roots. However, temperature of 30/27 oC gave the best result on number of micro bulb, diameter of bulb and bulb width:bulb disk diameter ratio

Pengelolaan Pemangkasan Jeruk Keprok (Citrus sp.) Di Kebun Blawan, Bondowoso, Jawa Timur

Program penelitian dilakukan di Blawan Estate, Bondowoso, Jawa Timur selama tiga bulan mulai tanggal 13 Februari sampai 13 Mei 2012. Tujuan program penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan teknis dan manajerial. Program penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode langsung dan tidak langsung, dengan mengikuti seluruh praktik di lapangan, observasi lapangan perkebunan, dan diskusi dengan staf (metode langsung). Informasi yang dikumpulkan termasuk data primer dan data sekunder. Kriteria pemangkasan, kondisi tanaman, prestasi kerja, waktu pemangkasan, dan pertumbuhan tunas meningkat sebagai data primer. Pemangkasan bisa menurunkan intensitas dan tingkat keparahan antraknosa. Namun, pengelolaan pemangkasan jeruk tidak dapat diimplementasikan sebagai SOP (Standart Operating Prosedure)

Induksi Tetraploid Tunas Pucuk Jeruk Siam Simadu (Citrus Nobilis Lour) Menggunakan Kolkisin secara In Vitro

Seedless fruit is one of the criteria (necessary) to improve the quality of Simadu tangerine. The most effective method to obtain seedless triploid cultivars is hybridisation between tetraploid and diploid parents. Simadu tangerine is a diploid plant. Tetraploid Simadu tangerine can be obtained with doubling chromosome using colchicines.The aim of this research was to obtain tetraploid Simadu tangerine shoot which would serve as parent to produced seedless Simadu tangerine. Shoot-tips of Simadu tangerine without leaves were treated with colchicines at four different concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3%) for 3 hours. The results showed that the high concentration of 0.3% reduced survival rate. The colchicine treatments reduced growth of shoot-tip of Simadu Tangerine.The leaves of colchicines treated shoots were thicker than control. Leaves from control (0% colchicine) and 0.1% colchicine treated shoots had 8.67 and 18.25 chloroplast per pair of guard cells. Compared to those of control, leaves with 0.1% colchicine had lower stomatal density, and larger stomatal size. It appeared that 0.1% colchicine treatment resulted in tetraploid Simadu Tangerine Shoot

Ketahanan Beberapa Klon Kentang (Solanum Tuberosum L.) terhadap Asam Fusarat dan Penyakit Busuk Kering Umbi

Fusaric acid produced by Fusarium spp. played a major role in potato dry rot development. Using fusaric acid as a selection agent may be useful to identify resistant clones. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the morphological responses of 10 potato clones (Granola, Atlantic, Cipanas, DTO 28, DTO 33, Russet Burbank, IPB 1, CIP 801040, CIP 801045, dan CIP 801050) and their resistance level to fusaric acid and Fusarium solani. The research was conducted in Plant Breeding Laboratory and Tissue Culture Laboratory 3, Departement of Agronomy and Horticulture from April 2014-February 2015. The in vitro experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with 4 fusaric acid concentrations and 4 replications, while the F. solani infection experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with 5 replications. The result showed that fusaric acid inhibits growth, reduce microtubers production, and caused planlets death. Correlation analysis between in vitro resistance to fusaric acid and F. solani infection on tuber showed positive and notable result. Accordingly, fusaric acid can be used to identify any clones resistant to F. solani

Pengaruh Iradiasi Sinar Gamma Terhadap Variasi Pertumbuhan Anggrek Brachypeza Indusiata (Reichb.f) Garay Secara in Vitro

A research was carried out in Orchid Laboratory of Bogor Botanical Gardens to observe the effect of gamma ray irradiation on the growth variation of Brachypezo indusiata (Reichb.f) Garray and suitable culture medium for propagating the plant. The research was arranged in a factorial experiment with a Completely Randomized Design. The first factor was gamma ray irradiation on protocorm-like­bodies (plb) of germinated seeds of B. indusiata in which four levels of irradiation was applied, i.e. 0, 10, 20, and 30 Gy. The second factor was the use of two different culture media, i.e. Vacin & Went medium supplemented with either banana pulp or a mixture of tomato and sprout bean as the essential organic compound of the medium. The result showed that the irradiation treatment improved the survival of B. indusiata explants, most significantly at 20 Gy level of irradiation, and could modify the growth of the resulted plantlets by reducing the height of the plant and the length and width of the leaves. The higher the level of irradiation the smaller the plantlets produced. Meanwhile, the addition of organic compound derived from banana fruit into the basal medium of Vacin & Went enhanced the growth of the plantlets better than that derived from a mixture of tomato fruit and bean sprout. However, there was no significant interaction effect detected between the irradiation treatments and the use of different culture media

Pengaruh Kombinasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh BAP dan IAA terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Tanaman Daun Dewa (Gynura Procumbens (Back)) dalam Kultur In Vitro

Gynura procumbens (Back) has been used for traditional medical treatment in Indonesia. Micropropagation. one of propagation methods, becomes an effective method in propagating the G. p.rocumbens (Back). The in vitro research using The group Randomize Block Design was conducted to study the growth and development of G. procumbens (Back) explant by applying combinations of BAP ( 0, /,2, and 3 ppm) and IAA (0, 0.5, and / ppm) in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The results showed combination of BAP 3 ppm and IAA 0.5 ppm was the optimum combination for the shoot multiplication, which produced 85.4 shoots per bottle. BAP 3 ppm combined with / ppm of lAA resulted in 100 % callussed culture with the largest diameter

Induksi Mutasi Kalus Embriogenik Gandum (Triticum aestivum L.) melalui Iradiasi Sinar Gamma untuk Toleransi Suhu Tinggi

Mutation techniques through gamma ray irradiation is useful to support breeding programs for genetic improvement of wheat. Genetic improvement on tolerance to high temperatures is necessary for development of wheat in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of radiosensitivity to be used as the basis for the induction of mutations by gamma ray irradiation on embryogenic callus to obtain putative mutants with high temperature tolerance. Explants used were embryogenic callus cultured on MS medium containing 30 g L-1 sukrosa, 2 g L-1 gelrite, 2 mg L-1 2.4D and 1 mg L-1 picloram. Culture incubated for 6 weeks with temperature 20±4 oC in the room culture. Five irradiation doses (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 Gy) were used in radiosensitivity testing. A factorial, completely randomized design was applied to the experiment. The first factor was selection temperature with three levels (25, 30 and 35 oC), and the second factor was doses of gamma ray iradiation with three levels (10, 20, and 30 Gy). The result showed that radiosensitivity levels varied among varieties, LD20: 7.79 to 18.96 Gy and LD50: 24.29-33.63 Gy. Selayar variety which has highest sensitivity value compared with Dewata and Nias. Increasing doses of iradiation and temperature decrease survival of embryogenic callus, number of embryos, and percentage of germinated plantlets. Based on in vitro selection using high temperature (25, 30, and 35 oC), the obtained 19 putative mutants were derived from embryos that appear on the surface of embryogenic callus survival after irradiation and high temperature selection

Pengaruh BAP dan Sukrosa terhadap Perbanyakan Jahe Empirit (Zingiber Officinale Rosc Var. Amarun) secara In Vitro

The need to produce numerous and good quality plantlet in short time has been carried out with in vitro culture. The objective of this research was to study BAP and sucrose effect on the in vitro multiplication of small ginger. Research was done in Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Agronomy. Bogor Agricultural University from November 2002 until August 2003. The treatment used BAP 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ppm and sucrose 20, 30, 40, 50 g/l. The result showed that sucrose significantly influenced shoot number in 2-5 and 8 Week After Planting (WAP) and leaf number in 2-7 WAP; root length, root number and explant fresh weight. BAP only significantly influenced leaf number in 7 WAP and root quality. With time shoot color changed from green to yellow. Higher RAP and sucrose concentration increased micro rhizome percentage. Sucrose 40 g/l or RAP 2 ppm gave numerous shoot and high explant fresh weight