MULTIPLE MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS IN THE THYROID GLAND: REPORT OF TWO CASES

The variety of multiple morphological variations in the thyroid gland is found as a result of disturbed organogenesis in humans as agenesis, hypoplasia, accessory, ectopy and hemiagenesis. In the routine undergraduate dissection of the thyroid gland, multiple anomalies of the thyroid gland were encountered in 50 and 60 years old female and male cadaver respectively. These were in form of absent isthmus with accessory thyroid lobe in between two lateral lobes, pyramidal lobe arising from left lobe of thyroid with levator glandulae thyroidae in first case. Second case showed narrow isthmus related to first tracheal ring and levator glandulae thyroidae arising from left lobe. In these case studies, we highlight various developmental anomalies of the thyroid gland as absent isthmus, pyramidal lobe and accessory lobe with levator glandulae thyroidae. Hence a thorough knowledge of such morphological variations of thyroid gland helps the surgeons in better planning of safe, effective and uncomplicated operative procedures in resection of thyroid and tracheotomy procedures

Metaplastic Carcinoma of the Left Breast with Extensive Chondroid Differentiation

Metaplastic breast carcinoma is very rare neoplasm which contains mixture of carcinomatous (epithelial) and sarcomatous (mesenchymal) elements in variable proportion. Metaplastic carcinoma with chondroid differentiation is even rarer. We report a case of metaplastic carcinoma with extensive chondroid differentiation as there is paucity of information regarding pathological features and clinical outcomes for these rare tumors. Tumor had characteristic definite areas of classic infiltrating duct carcinoma with abundant chondromyxoid matrix, focal areas of chondrosarcoma and cartilagenous metaplasia. Tumour cells were immunoreactive for S-100, ER, and PR. When pathologist encounter breast tumor with chondroid differentiation, careful gross sampling, histopathology and immunoreactivity for mesenchymal and epithelial component are most useful to differentiate metaplastic carcinoma from malignant phylloides tumors and malignant adenomyoepithelioma

Cytodiagnosis of isolated primary hydatid cyst of breast masquerading as a breast neoplasm: A rare case report

Hydatid cyst in the breast is very rare and unusual for its location. Reported incidence of hydatid cyst in the breast is 0.27% in the literature. Herein, we report a case of hydatid cyst of breast in a 65-year-old female who presented with painless, slowly growing lump in the breast mimicking breast neoplasm clinically. Radiological investigations such as ultrasonography and mammography may be helpful but not conclusive. Preoperative fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) diagnosis was consistent with hydatid cyst of breast and was without any complications. Histopathological examination of lumpectomy specimen confirmed the diagnosis of hydatid cyst of breast. High suspicion of this entity should be there in the differential diagnosis in the evaluation of breast lump in endemic as well as in migrant population in nonendemic areas

Histomorphological appraisal of orchidectomy specimens in a tertiary care centre of North Maharashtra-A descriptive observational study

Introduction:Testicular lesions are ranges from varied spectrum of non-neoplastic to neoplastic ones with diverse etiologies. Non-neoplastic testicular lesions usually preceded by neoplastic ones. The malignant tumors of testis constitute fourth most common cause of death in young males.Objectives:The present study was undertaken to study varied spectrum of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of testis in our tertiary care institute with emphasis on study of histomorphological patterns of testicular tumors.Material and Methods- Our study was a retrospective, descriptive and observational study over a period of 6 years from May 2015 to April 2021 in our tertiary care centre. We received 60 orchidectomy specimens over a study period. Histopathological slides were collected and reviewed for specific tumor/non-tumor category and results were analyzed.Results- We studied 60 orchidectomy specimens over a period of six years. As per age groups distribution, the childhood predominates in non-neoplastic category and 2nd to 4th decade in malignant category. Out of 60 cases (100%), majority (57%) were malignant testicular tumors. In the malignant category, non seminomatous germ cell tumor (56%) were most frequent finding with mixed germ cell tumor (68%) as predominant histopathological diagnosis. Leydig cell tumor and pure yolk sac tumor was rare findings. In non-neoplastic category, vascular causes (61%) like torsion, ischemic necrosis were major findings. Epidermoid inclusion cyst, acute and chronic orchitis, atrophy are rare findings.Conclusion – Neoplastic lesions were preceded by non-neoplastic lesions in our study. Variable testicular tumors were encountered in present study as per different age groups. Histopathological spectrum of testicular lesions was comparable with other parts of the country. We highlight the role of histopathological examination of each resected orchidectomy specimens as it’s most important to diagnosis and rule out malignant tumors

Primary Eosinophilic Obliterative Appendicitis

Primary eosinophilic appendicitis is a rare condition of unknown etiology having vague and unexplained symptoms. Histopathological hallmark of this entity is eosinophilic infiltration of the muscularis propria with accompanying edema separating the muscle fibers, and absence of neutrophilic infiltration. Preoperative correct diagnosis of this entity is not possible in view of lack of specific imaging technology. Histopathological examination is the gold standard for the diagnosis. Here, we present an unusual case of Eosinophilic Obliterative appendicitis in a 25 years old male patient

Unusual presentation of eosinophilic enteritis as multiple strictures of small intestine

Eosinophilic enteritis is a rare disease of unknown etiology. It is characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the bowel wall to a variable depth and symptoms associated with gastrointestinal tract depending upon the predominant layer involved. Diagnosis of eosinophilic enteritis requires a high index of suspicion and exclusion of various disorders that are associated with peripheral eosinophilia. We report a case of unusual presentation of eosinophilic enteritis clinically presenting as intestinal obstruction due to multiple strictures of the small bowel in an adult male

Benign Intratesticular Epidermoid Cyst of the Testis: Diagnostic Dilemma

Intratesticular epidermoid cysts of the testis are rare benign lesions, comprising about 1-2% of all the testicular neoplasms. Clinically it may not be differentiated reliably from the most common malignant testicular tumours and poses a diagnostic dilemma. Majority of the testicular tumours are malignant one, hence accurate diagnosis in benign lesions such as epidermoid cyst is always warranted to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures like orchidectomy. Herein, we present a case of benign, intratesticular epidermoid cyst of the testis in a 30 years old male treated by conservative approach with testicular preservation, avoiding unnecessary orchidectomy

An unusual case of intracystic papillary carcinoma of breast with invasive component

Papillary carcinoma of the breast is a rare malignant tumor, constituting 1-2 % of breast neoplasms mostly affecting elderly postmenopausal women. Intracystic (Encysted) papillary carcinoma (IPC) is a rare distinct entity with slow growth rate and overall favourable prognosis regardless of whether it is in situ alone or associated with invasive component. Treatment modalities vary from conservative surgery to radical surgery with or without adjuvant therapy depending upon the associated component (DCIS or invasive) of the tumor. Herein, we report a case of 55-year-old female presented with a painless lump in the right breast. FNAC yielded haemorrhagic fluid with scanty cellularity of atypical ductal epithelial cells. Patient underwent wide local excision. The final histopathological diagnosis revealed intracystic papillary carcinoma associated with invasive ductal carcinoma, NOS type