Cardiovascular complications in coronavirus disease-2019 patients

Background and Aims: Cardiovascular (CV) complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are neither well-defined nor comprehensively characterized. Hence, long-term studies are required to monitor silent but progressive CV complications postrecovery in COVID-19 patients. Our aim of the study was to assess and determine the presence of CV morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at our institute. All COVID-19-positive patients who were admitted in the intensive care unit during April 3, 2020–May 23, 2021, were recruited for the study. A total of 1460 patients were enrolled and monitored until discharge/death. Patients were evaluated based on demographics, clinical data, and laboratory values and 42 patients among them underwent coronary angiography for an adequate understanding of CV complications. Results: The total reported deaths among the study sample were 453 (31%). Common preexisting clinical conditions among them were hypertension 520 (35.6%), diabetes 211 (14.45%), CV disease 88 (6.02%), and hypothyroidism 61 (4.17%). A total of 149 patients displayed elevated creatine phosphokinase-MB (CPK-MB) levels, while 141 patients displayed elevated hs-TnI levels. The absolute rise of cardiac troponin (hs-TnI) and CPK-MB displayed a technically positive correlation, but a weaker relationship (r: 0.2113, P < 0.01 for correlation). Twenty-two out of 42 patients showed the presence of single/multivessel disease and 31 patients displayed mild-to-severe left ventricular dysfunction. Conclusions: The results of the current study provide evidence for the risk and burden of CV complications among COVID-19 patients. Hence, attention to long-term CV health and disease among COVID-19 survivors is necessary

Abstract 3869: Proteomics highlights which G-protein coupled receptors are candidates for ADC development

Abstract Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a recent and exciting development for targeted therapy of cancer. Their efficacy is governed by ADC-intrinsic characteristics such as avidity, drug load and linker chemistry, and mechanisms of activation and action, which can be controlled or clarified in the early stages of ADC development. In contrast, the properties that define a promising ADC target are still somewhat unclear. OGAP is a unique proteomic database that integrates information at the tissue, disease and protein isoform level across diseases, indications, and normal tissues to clarify protein expression levels and profiles. Specifically, it currently holds information on ∼2,000,000 human protein peptide sequences, ∼16,000 human proteins sequenced, ∼7,000 cancer membrane proteins, ∼50 tissues/organs, and ∼60 diseases. Building on OGAP and a proprietary sample preparation and processing workflow that relies on state-of-the-art high-throughput mass spectrometry and data processing to provide quantitative information on over 4,000 membrane-enriched proteins from ∼ 15,000 unique peptide sequences per analysis, we have established a novel predictive tool to establish each protein's potential to serve as a target for ADC development. The tool considers proteomic and target-specific information on antigenicity, structure, function, expression level, regulation, and tissue distribution in order to highlight the most suitable candidates for ADC development. We will demonstrate the utility of this process for the protein family of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), which according to a recent bioinformatics prediction encompasses 899 distinct members in the human genome. These cell surface receptors are the target of more than one third of conventional drugs, yet their potential for ADCs is largely unexplored. Here we show that proteomics in the context of the OGAP database can highlight which of this large family of receptors have the potential to become true ADC targets. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3869. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3869</jats:p