4,319 research outputs found
Exploration of evaluation and research methods for improving student learning in art and design
This paper is a comment on the problematics of evaluating an ongoing project on the impact of a self-and peer assessment programme on art and design students' approaches to their learning
Enhancing the design curriculum through pedagogic research
Pedagogic research is becoming increasingly recognised as an important aspect of academic life. Many generic studies (Marton, Saljo, Entwistle, Biggs, Gibbs, Prosser, Trigwell et al), focusing on broad concepts of student learning, have found a purchase within particular disciplines. Concepts of 'deep' and 'surface' approaches to learning are now commonplace within subject-based rationales. Approaches to assessment have also benefited from research of this kind. The value of this kind of research is most pertinent when it is used at subject level to explore the learning and teaching axis. Subject-focused research, using these established frameworks and methodologies, is only just beginning to emerge. Inevitably, the application of this new research is not so widespread. Subject-based research asks the questions about what it is that is characteristic about learning and teaching a particular subject. Recent research in creative subjects (Reid A, 1998 and Reid A and Davies A, 2000) has revealed that the quality of learning is predicated on how both students and teachers conceptualise the subject of study. In design, for instance, what teachers think design is determines how they frame the curriculum and how they go about teaching. Equally, students beliefs about what design is underpin their intentions when they go about learning. The research reveals that there are significant qualitative differences amongst teachers as well as students as to what design is. This has an impact on the quality of the outcomes of learning design. This paper explores the implications of the outcomes of thi
Effective Assessment in Art and Design : writing learning outcomes and assessment criteria in art and design
This document has been written to help teachers in art and design who are writing project
briefs or unit outlines in learning outcomes form for the first time. It is not meant to be
prescriptive but rather a general guide that attempts to clarify the purposes of outcome-led
learning and identify some of the pitfalls you might encounter.
You will find that the most successful examples of outcome-led learning come from
competency-based learning where it is relatively straightforward for students to provide
evidence of their learning because the outcomes are almost always skills oriented.
Increasingly, universities are adopting the learning outcomes approach (student-centred) in
preference to the aims and objectives approach (teacher-centred). Many examples now exist
of text-based subjects working with learning outcomes. One of the major challenges for them
is to take the term 'understanding' and redefine it in terms of more specific measurable
cognitive (thinking) outcomes. In art and design our challenge is greater because we work
with rather more ambiguous terms such as 'creativity', 'imagination', 'originality' etc as well as
'understanding'. A significant challenge for you then will be to articulate learning outcomes in
a way which promotes these important cognitive attributes but at the same time provides
some useful methods of measuring their achievement
Using assessment to improve the quality of student learning in art and design.
The purpose of this ongoing project is to evaluate the impact of a self- and peer
assessment programme on students' approaches to their learnin
Using learning journals to identify critical incidents of understanding
Learning journals have been used extensively in Art and Design at University College
Worcester (UCW) as a means of evidencing the kind of approach, deep/surface, students
have taken to their learning. They are increasingly being recognised as a more reliable
means of establishing whether students understand what they are doing than the finished
artefacts such as paintings, ceramics and even essays. This paper will outline the role of the
journals in relation to the assessment scheme, which is structured around Biggsâ SOLO
taxonomy (Biggs J, Collis K, 1982), and explore several of the problematics that arise in
both their use and their non-use. The paper will also examine the nature and use of learning
outcomes since they play a significant role in the journals themselves
Variation in teachers' and students' understanding of teaching and learning in Fine Art and the broader community
This paper focuses on discerning the critical differences, or variation, in the way
teachers and students experience and understand the subject of Fine Art and its
relation to its broader community. In previous research (Reid, 1999; Davies & Reid,
2001), relations have been found within the music and design disciplines where
teachers and students experience of one of three defined dimensions was strongly
related to the ways in which they understood teaching and learning their subject. The
musicians and designers (and their students) described their experience of the
professional world in three hierarchically related ways. This constitution has become
known as the subject 'Entity'.
Taking a phenomenographical approach, the paper asks whether the experience of
learning and teaching in Fine Art education, both for students and teachers, is
consistent with conceptions shared, within the educational community, about the
professional world of fine artists. In so doing this research project is intended to
reveal the 'Fine Art Entity'. Discerning and describing the 'Fine Art Entity' is
intended, not only to provide a basis for enhancement of learning, teaching and
curriculum development in Fine Art practice, bit also to make a significant
contribution to the subject discourse within the communit
Uncovering problematics in design education - learning and the design entity
This paper attempts to articulate some of the challenges for the curriculum, teaching
methods and assessment in design education arising from research currently
underway in London and Australia. Taking a phenomenographical approach, the
research asks whether the experience of learning and teaching in design education,
both for students and teachers, is consistent with conceptions shared, within the
educational community, about the professional world of designers. We believe that
there is substantial variation in the conceptions held by both students and teachers
about what design is and how it should be learned. These variations in conceptions
have a significant impact on how students learn and how teachers teach
Teachers' and students' conceptions of the professional world
In the original 'Improving Student Learning' project led by Prof Graham Gibbs in 1991, one of the case studies focused on approaches to learning on a BA(Hons) Graphic Information Design course. The case study, led by Allan Davies, had the modest intention of trying to determine whether a particular
curriculum innovation encouraged a deep approach to learning. Our only significant tool then was Bigg's SOLO taxonomy. Eleven years later and the innovators have moved on, the course has disappeared and the research context and methodologies have developed. During this period, research
has suggested that both teachers and students describe their understanding of teaching and learning
according to their perception of the teaching/ learning environment (Ramsden, 1992; Prosser & Trigwell, 1999). Studies have identified variation in the way that teachers experience teaching (Samuelowicz & Bain, 1992; Prosser, Trigwell & Taylor, 1994 for example) and variation in the way teachers experience student learning (Bruce & Gerber, 1995).
More recently, Reid (1997) has widened the context of research by examining the relation between the
experience of work and teaching/learning within the music discipline. In further research (Reid 1999),
relations were found within the music discipline where teachers' and students' experience of one of three defined dimensions was strongly related to the ways in which they understood teaching and learning music. The musicians (and their students) described their experience of the professional world in three hierarchically related ways. This constitution has become known as the 'Music' Entity.
In 1999, following a fortuitous meeting at the ISL conference in York, Davies and Reid conducted a joint
enquiry, using a phenomenographic approach, to determine the 'Design' entity (Davies and Reid, 2001). This research focused on discerning the critical differences, or variation, in the way teachers and students experience and understand their subject and its relation to the professional design world. The outcomes of this research has, consequently, begun to impact on student learning through course design and, in particular, assessment. This paper will be a comparative study of the research already carried out by the authors in a number of disciplines in which the same focus and methodology has been used
Tidal and marine energy in the ukâ identifying the future challenges for supply chain development
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the current technical and operational supply chain issues surrounding the development of tidal and marine energy production in the UK. The paper outlines the market and growth potential of tidal energy production in the UK before identifying the key supply chain themes surrounding tidal energy production including an analysis of the portability and transferability of current supply chain thinking and development from other renewable energy systems such as wind turbine technology towards the development of tidal energy supply chain systems. The paper closes by identifying the major challenges that the UK supply chain must overcome in order to develop a comprehensive and robust supply chain system
Concussions and Student Sports: A \u27Silent Epidemic\u27
An issue that has gained attention concerns concussions among studentâathletes in elementary and secondary schools. In fact, in light of the âsilent epidemicâ of concussions among studentâathletes, in the six month period ending in August of 2011, the number of states that enacted statutes on concussion management jumped from eleven to thirtyâone and the list of jurisdictions with laws in place continues to grow.
Based on the significance of concussion management, the remainder of this article is divided into two sections. The first part of the article examines the background on concussions while the second offers recommendations for concussion management and prevention. The article ends with a brief conclusion
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