Perceptions of Extrinsic IER Consequences for Positive and Negative Scenarios

Interpersonal emotion regulation describes how people regulate other’s emotions by modifying or maintaining their occurrence, frequency, or intensity. There are positive benefits to engaging in interpersonal emotion regulation. However, at the individual level, people tend to engage in emotion regulation more so and with more effort for their negative emotions and experiences. This study directly addresses how a negativity bias may arise in interpersonal emotion regulation interactions and potential individual differences associated with responding in interpersonal scenarios. Undergraduate students (N = 107) were presented with vignettes depicting both negative and positive scenarios and were asked questions to assess their anticipated interpersonal emotion regulation responses. Participants also completed self-report measures assessing envy, the tendency to make social comparisons, and self-absorption. I hypothesized that participants would be more likely to respond, put forth more effort, and perceive their responses to be more urgent for negative scenarios than positive scenarios. Secondly, I hypothesized that envy, social comparisons, and self-absorption would be associated with these outcomes. Consistent with my first hypotheses, I found participants were more likely to report they would respond, with effort and urgency for negative, compared to, positive scenarios. Additionally, I found that public self-absorption tended to be associated with more responsiveness in negative scenarios. Therefore, this study provides a basis for understanding the negativity bias in interpersonal emotion regulation and potential individual differences that may be associated with an individual’s tendency to respond with interpersonal emotion regulation in negative or positive situations.No embargoAcademic Major: Psycholog

The impact of compliance with 6-hour and 24-hour sepsis bundles on hospital mortality in patients with severe sepsis: a prospective observational study

INTRODUCTION: Compliance with the ventilator care bundle affects the rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia. It was not known, however, whether compliance with sepsis care bundles has an impact on outcome. The aims of the present study were to determine the rate of compliance with 6-hour and 24-hour sepsis bundles and to determine the impact of the compliance on hospital mortality in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. METHODS: We conducted a prospective observational study on 101 consecutive adult patients with severe sepsis or septic shock on medical or surgical wards, or in accident and emergency areas at two acute National Health Service Trust Teaching hospitals in England. The main outcome measures were: the rate of compliance with 6-hour and 24-hour sepsis care bundles adapted from the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines on patients' clinical care; and the difference in hospital mortality between the compliant and the non-compliant groups. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 69 years (interquartile range 51 to 78), and 53% were male. The sources of infection were sought and confirmed in 87 of 101 patients. The chest was the most common source (50%), followed by the abdomen (22%). The rate of compliance with the 6-hour sepsis bundle was 52%. Compared with the compliant group, the non-compliant group had a more than twofold increase in hospital mortality (49% versus 23%, relative risk (RR) 2.12 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20 to 3.76), P = 0.01) despite similar age and severity of sepsis. Compliance with the 24-hour sepsis bundle was achieved in only 30% of eligible candidates (21/69). Hospital mortality was increased in the non-compliant group from 29% to 50%, with a 76% increase in risk for death, although the difference did not reach statistical significance (RR 1.76 (95% CI 0.84 to 3.64), P = 0.16). CONCLUSION: Non-compliance with the 6-hour sepsis bundle was associated with a more than twofold increase in hospital mortality. Non-compliance with the 24-hour sepsis bundle resulted in a 76% increase in risk for hospital death. All medical staff should practise these relatively simple, easy and cheap bundles within a strict timeframe to improve survival rates in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock

What Does It Take: The Roles, Responsibilities, and Fidelity to Implement a Physical Activity in Public HealthTraining

Cooperative Extension Service (Extension) Agents are tasked with incorporating physical activity promotion in their work. Physical activity training interventions rarely report specific structures (dose, content) and measures (fidelity, resource cost). The study’s purpose was to evaluate the feasibility and resource costs of Physical Activity in Cooperative Extension (PACE), a training to increase physical activity in public health competency. PACE is a virtual, 9-week, 18-hour general capacity-building training based on the Interactive Systems Framework. Fidelity was calculated as the proportion of objectives delivered as intended and total time to deliver core components. Resource cost was calculated as the time spent on each implementation strategy and responsibility and total time spent delivering PACE. Fidelity was 93% (39/42 planned objectives delivered as intended). PACE required 183 hours to implement, with session delivery (45 hours) and participant communication (40 hours) requiring the most time. Overall, time spent included 37 hours per delivery team member and 18 hours per PACE participant. The personnel time spent was within the standard time spent on other Extension training protocols and perceived as feasible. Fidelity to session components was high and easy to track. Future work should determine the scalability and sustainability of PACE within Extension nationally

A qualitative analysis of the information needs of parents of children with Cystic Fibrosis prior to first admission

Background: Hospitalisation can be stressful for patients and their families. Pre-hospitalisation information is crucial in establishing a good basis for patient satisfaction and cooperation. This qualitative study explored whether parents of children with Cystic Fibrosis, admitted to a UK Children’s Hospital, were adequately prepared for their child’s admission. Methods: Data were collected from twelve parents whose children had been admitted within the last two years for routine intravenous antibiotic treatment. Semi-structured interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Four themes emerged. Parents reported feeling unprepared for their child’s admission; the need to receive information addressing the medical, practical and psychosocial aspects of admission was emphasised. Findings highlighted the adverse effects of inadequate information on the hospital experience. Conclusions: Provision of adequate preparatory information is essential in reducing parental stress, influencing how future experiences are appraised and managed. Effective parent-professional communication and opportunities to participate in care will improve parental satisfaction

OER Metadata Rosetta Stone

This document is the technical specification of core and contextual elements for Open Educational Resources using existing schema to create a Metadata Application Profile. It provides a list of relevant classes and properties used in OER metadata records at the institutional and repository level. It is our hope that this document will support best practices for OER repositories and institutions to leverage existing library expertise and networks

Factors Influencing Student Attendance and Engagement

Undergraduate student researchers assisted with the design, delivery, and analysis for a project investigating low attendance at timetabled teaching sessions. Data was gathered from 208 students representing all four faculties on three Anglia Ruskin University campuses (i.e. Cambridge, Chelmsford, and Guild House, Peterborough), and comparison data was gathered from University Centre Peterborough. Results show that, contrary to anecdotal evidence, poor attendance is not the result of content hosted on the VLE, financial decisions made by fee-paying ‘consumers’, disaffected ‘tap-in’ system users, or employment, but is in fact a complex combination of factors based around an unevenly distributed timetable