PERIODONTAL SYMPTOMATOLOGY IN CRANIO-MANDIBULARY SYNDROME

The cranio-mandibulary syndromes are pathological entities in which at least one of the components of the dento-maxillary apparatus (jaws) is not structurally or functionally adapted to its own activity. These disorders include manifestations at the temporomandibular joint or neuro-muscular system and occlusal disarmony manifested in the dento-periodontal component of the dento-maxillary apparatus. Unfavorable occlusal relations causes changes to the fundamental positions of the mandible, resulting in non-physiological forces exerting a negative impact on the periodontium manifested clinically and radiologically through: dental mobility, gingival retraction, periodontal bags, widening of the desmodontal space. Aim of study: The purpose of this study was to identify periodontal signs produced by occlusal trauma and to remove potentially harmful periodontium factors by obtaining a mandibular-maxillary relationship that maintains the health of the dentomaxillary apparatus. Materials and methods: The study based on the clinical, paraclinical and dental treatment of the patients included in the study group was performed. A group of 20 persons with at least one of the following signs considered to be inherited from cranio-mandibulary disorder: dental mobility, pathogenic dental wear, root resorption, widening of the desmodontal space, Stielmann cracks, occlusal parapuncture (bruxism), hypercementhosis, false or true periodontal pockets. Results: During the study, we were able to highlight that primary or secondary occlusal trauma is a cofactor in the production of periodontal disease. In the absence of microbial plaque, occlusal trauma, does not produce gingivitis or periodontitis, and minor periodontal lesions are reversible. Conclusions: Occlusive trauma occurs when one or more teeth are harmful to excess strain, by intensity, duration, frequency, direction. Occlusal trauma is a cofactor in the production of periodontal disease; therefore, treatment should begin early by correctly identifying the causes of occlusal disharmony and removing the

CHRONIC APICAL PERIODONTITIS AND DIABETES MELLITUS RELATIONSHIP IN ORAL REHABILITATION

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most frequent systemic disorders in medically compromised dental patients. Since it seems to be a significant relationship between diabetes mellitus and apical pathology, any diabetic dental patients should be suspected to develop chronic apical periodontitis both in endodontically treated and untreated teeth. A proper follow-up of root-filled teeth associated with periodical glycaemia control is mandatory to increase their survival. The diabetic status of a patient should be a key prognostic factor of decision in conservative endodontic managemen

IS INLAY A CURRENT METHOD OF TREATMENT ?

Introduction. Incrustation is indicated in the treatment of coronary lesions as an alternative to obturations by direct techniques but also has a number of specific prosthetic indications. At present, most of the cases are based mainly on conservative odontal techniques, whereby the defect or lack of hard dental material is rehabilitated with the help of obturations made of suitable materials. Material and method. The study was conducted over a period of 24 months (between 2016 and 2018), on a batch of 10 patients 20 composites (“Nexco Paste” – Ivoclar-Vivadent) were made by the indirect method for 20 teeth (10 premolars and 10 molars respectively), of which 10 for Class I and 10 cavities for Mezio- occlusal or Disto- occlusal class II cavities. Results. For the evaluation of the results, a set of direct clinical assessment criteria, following the USPHS model (based on the modified CVAR / RYGE criteria), was used. The criteria used to evaluate the results were as follows: 1. Coronary aesthetic / physiognomic aspect; 2. Anatomical coronary form; 3. Coronary axial contour; 4. proximal interdental contact area; 5. Marginal adaptation; 6. Marginal discoloration; 7. Marginal side caries; 8. Postoperative sensitivity. The evolution of the results was followed at 1 year and 2 years respectively. Conclusions. In dentistry, as well as in biology, boundaries can generally be placed only taking into account the particularities of each case. There are clear indications for each type of direct and / or indirect restoration

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Septum: Assessment of Bioactive Molecules and In Vitro Biological Effects

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) septum represents an interesting bioactive compound source by-product. In our study, a rich phenolic walnut septum extract, previously selected, was further examined. The tocopherol content determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) revealed higher amounts of α-tocopherol compared to γ- and δ-tocopherols. Moreover, several biological activities were investigated. The in vitro inhibiting assessment against acetylcholinesterase, α-glucosidase, or lipase attested a real management potential in diabetes or obesity. The extract demonstrated very strong antimicrobial potential against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enteritidis. It also revealed moderate (36.08%) and strong (43.27%) antimutagenic inhibitory effects against TA 98 and TA 100 strains. The cytotoxicity of the extract was assessed on cancerous (A549, T47D-KBluc, MCF-7) and normal (human gingival fibroblasts (HGF)) cell lines. Flow cytometry measurements confirmed the cytotoxicity of the extract in the cancerous cell lines. Additionally, the extract demonstrated antioxidant activity on all four cell types, as well as anti-inflammatory activity by lowering the inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β)) evaluated in HGF cells. To the best of our knowledge, most of the cellular model analyses were performed for the first time in this matrix. The results prove that walnut septum may be a potential phytochemical source for pharmaceutical and food industry

Chemical Constituents and Biologic Activities of Sage Species: A Comparison between Salvia officinalis L., S. glutinosa L. and S. transsylvanica (Schur ex Griseb. & Schenk) Schur.

Even though Salvia genus is one of the most known and studied taxa of Lamiaceae family, the knowledge regarding the chemical composition and health-related benefits of some locally used Salvia species (mostly endemic) is still scarce. In this regard, the present work aims to evaluate the chemical profile and potential bioactivities of 70% (v/v) ethanolic extracts obtained from the less-studied S. transsylvanica and S. glutinosa in comparison with S. officinalis. HPLC-PDA analysis revealed the presence of rutin and catechin as the main compounds in the extracts of the three studied species (using the employed HPLC method), whereas the presence of naringenin was highlighted only in S. glutinosa extract. Chlorogenic acid, rutin and quercetin were identified and quantified for the first time in S. transsylvanica extracts. The in vitro antioxidant capacity of each extract was tested through complementary methods (phosphomolybdenum assay, DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC and FRAP assays), and correlated with the presence of phenolics (especially flavonoids) in high amounts. The neuroprotective and antidiabetic abilities of S. officinalis (the most active as AChE, BChE and α-glucosidase inhibitor), S. glutinosa (the most active as α-amylase inhibitor) and S. transsylvanica were also studied. For each extract it was determined the antimicrobial, antifungal and cytotoxic effects using in vitro assays. The obtained results confirm the potential of S. transsylvanica and S. glutinosa as promising sources of bioactive compounds and as a starting point for further analyses