204 research outputs found
Threats to Autonomy from Emerging ICT’s
This thesis investigates possible future threats to human autonomy created by
currently emerging ICT’s. Prepared for evaluation as PhD by Publication, it consists of
four journal papers and one book chapter, together with explanatory material.
The ICT’s under examination are drawn from the results of the ETICA project,
which sought to identify emerging ICT’s of ethical import. We first evaluate this
research and identify elements in need of enhancement – the social aspects pertaining to
ethical impact and the need to introduce elements of General Systems Theory in order to
account for ICT’s as socio-technical systems. The first two publications for evaluation
present arguments from marxist and capitalist perspectives which provide an account of
the social dimensions through which an ICT can reduce human autonomy.
There are many competing accounts of what constitutes human autonomy.
These may be grouped into classes by their primary characteristics. The third
publication for evaluation cross-references these classes with the ICT’s identified by the
ETICA project, showing which version of autonomy could be restricted by each ICT
and how. Finally, this paper induces from this analysis some general characteristics
which any ICT must exhibit if it is to restrict autonomy of any form.
Since ICT’s all operate in the same environment, the ultimate effect on the
individual is the aggregated effect of all those ICT’s with which they interact and can be
treated as an open system. Our fourth paper for evaluation therefore develops a theory
of ICT’s as systems of a socio-technical nature, titled “Integrated Domain Theory”. Our
fifth publication uses Integrated Domain Theory to explore the manner in which sociotechnical
systems can restrict human autonomy, no matter how conceived. This thesis
thus offers two complementary answers to the primary research question
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