A class of super Heisenberg-Virasoro algebras

In this paper, we introduce a class of Heisenberg-Virasoro Lie conformal superalgebras $\mathfrak{s}$ by using the conformal modules of Heisenberg-Virasoro Lie conformal algebras. A class of super Heisenberg-Virasoro algebras of Ramond type $\S$ are defined by the formal distribution Lie superalgebras of $\mathfrak{s}$. Then we construct a class of simple $\S$-modules, which are induced from simple modules of the finite-dimensional solvable Lie superalgebras. These modules are isomorphic to simple restricted $\S$-modules, and include the highest weight modules, Whittaker modules and high order Whittaker modules and so on. As a byproduct, we present a class of subalgebras of $\S$, which are isomorphic to the super Heisenberg-Virasoro algebras of Neveu-Schwarz type

Non-weight modules over the super-BMS3_3 algebra

In the present paper, a class of non-weight modules over the super-BMS$_3$ algebras $\S^{\epsilon}$ ($\epsilon=0$ or $\frac{1}{2}$) are constructed. These modules when regarded as $\S^{0}$-modules and further restricted as modules over the Cartan subalgebra $\mathfrak{h}$ are free of rank $1$, while when regarded as $\S^{\frac{1}{2}}$-modules and further restricted as modules over the Cartan subalgebra $\mathfrak{H}$ are free of rank $2$. We determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for these modules being simple, as well as determining the necessary and sufficient conditions for two $\S^{\epsilon}$-modules being isomorphic. At last, we present that these modules constitute a complete classification of free $U(\mathfrak{h})$-modules of rank $1$ over $\S^{0}$, and also constitute a complete classification of free $U(\mathfrak{H})$-modules of rank $2$ over $\S^{\frac{1}{2}}$.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1906.07129 by other author

Application of dual-energy CT angiography in diagnosis of arterial erectile dysfunction: new scanning technology, new scanning area

Objectives To explore the value of dual-energy computed tomography (DE-CT) angiography in diagnosis of arteriogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) patients and feasibility of new scanning area that excludes the testis. Materials and methods Ninety-three patients suspected of suffering arterial ED and 40 health volunteers underwent penile duplex Doppler ultrasound and DE-CT angiography (DE-CTA). The scanning range of DE-CTA covered whole arterial system of pelvis and testis was excluded. Two blinded investigators independently evaluated the arterial system that supplies the penis. Results Finally, 1596 segments were evaluated and 470 segments were judged to be abnormal. The distribution was: 2 (0.4%) in common iliac artery, 7 (1.5%) in internal iliac artery, 82 (17.5%) in internal pudendal artery, 89 (18.9%) in penile artery, 120 (25.5%) in dorsal artery, and 170 (36.2%) in cavernosal artery. The specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of DE-CTA in diagnostic were 86.02%, 87.50%, 94.12%, and 72.92%. Besides, the new scan area allowed for effective evaluation of the arteries while excluding the testis. Conclusion DE-CTA can provide unbiased, safe evaluation of the vascular status of the penile bed in patients with ED

Olanzapine leads to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through the apolipoprotein A5 pathway

The antipsychotic drug olanzapine was reported to induce nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), whereas the underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. This study investigated whether apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5) and sortilin, two interactive factors involved in NAFLD pathogenesis, are implicated in olanzapine-induced NAFLD. In our study, at week 8, olanzapine treatment successfully induced hepatic steatosis in female C57 BL/6 J mice, which was independent of body weight gain. Likewise, olanzapine effectively mediated hepatocyte steatosis in HepG2 cells characterized by substantially elevated intracellular lipid droplets. Increased plasma triglyceride concentration and decreased plasma apoA5 levels were observed in mice treated with 8-week olanzapine. Surprisingly, olanzapine markedly enhanced hepatic apoA5 protein levels in mice, without a significant effect on rodent hepatic ApoA5 mRNA. Our in vitro study showed that olanzapine reduced apoA5 protein levels in the medium and enhanced apoA5 protein levels in hepatocytes, whereas this drug exerted no effect on hepatocyte APOA5 mRNA. By transfecting APOA5 siRNA into HepG2 cells, it was demonstrated that APOA5 knockdown effectively reversed olanzapine-induced hepatocyte steatosis in vitro. In addition, olanzapine drastically increased sortilin mRNA and protein levels in vivo and in vitro. Interestingly, SORT1 knockdown reduced intracellular apoA5 protein levels and increased medium apoA5 protein levels in vitro, without affecting intracellular APOA5 mRNA levels. Furthermore, SORT1 knockdown greatly ameliorated hepatocyte steatosis in vitro. This study provides the first evidence that sortilin inhibits the hepatic apoA5 secretion that is attributable to olanzapine-induced NAFLD, which provides new insight into effective strategies against NAFLD for patients with schizophrenia administered olanzapine

Serum Folic Acid and Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Introduction: The association between folic acid (FA) and erectile dysfunction (ED) was contradictory in the published original articles, and no meta-analysis was conducted to pool these data. Aim: To verify the role of FA in the pathology of ED and explore the treatment efficacy of FA for ED patients. Methods: An extensive search was performed on PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to obtain all relevant studies published up to October 31, 2020. Studies comparing the serum FA level between ED patients and healthy controls, or comparing the score of the IIEF-5, or IIEF before and after folic acid therapy alone or combination in ED patient were eligible for our meta-analysis. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scales (NOS) was used to qualify included studies. Main Outcome Measures: The standardized mean differences (SMD) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to pool our data. Results: Nine studies were eligible for our meta-analysis to verify the association between FA and ED, and to explore the treatment efficacy of FA for ED patients. The pooled SMD of the FA level difference between ED patients and healthy subjects was -0.94 (95% CI: -1.59, -0.30, P = .004). Moreover, the level of folic acid in healthy subjects, Mild ED patients, Moderate ED patients and Severe ED patients was 11.847 (95%CI = 9.671, 14.022), 9.496 (95%CI = 8.425, 10.567), 6.597 (95%CI = 5.187, 8.007) and 5.623 (95%CI = 3.535, 7.711) respectively. The SMD of changes in score of IIEF-5 was 1.89 with 95%CI (1.60, 2.17) after FA administration in ED patients. Our analysis also showed that combination therapy of FA plus tadalafil changed the score of IIEF with 0.90 (95%CI = 0.44, 1.36) comparing to combination of placebo plus tadalafil. Conclusion: This novel meta-analysis demonstrated that FA was an independent risk factor for ED and FA supplement may have potentially positive effects in the treatment of ED patients.Zhang Y, Zhang W, Dai Y, et al. Serum Folic Acid and Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sex Med 2021;9:100356

Efficacy and safety of 2-hour urokinase regime in acute pulmonary embolism: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Backgrounds Urokinase (UK) 2 200 U/kg·h for 12 hours infusion(UK-12 h)is an ACCP recommended regimen in treating acute pulmonary embolism (PE). It is unclear whether this dose and time can be reduced further. We compared the efficacy and safety of 20, 000 U/kg for 2 hours (UK-2 h) with the UK-12 h regime in selected PE patients. Methods A randomized trial involving 129 patients was conducted. Patients with acute PE were randomly assigned to receive either UK-12 h (n = 70), or UK-2 h (n = 59). The efficacy was determined by the improvement of right heart dysfunction and perfusion defect at 24 h and 14 d post UK treatment. The bleeding incidence, death rate and PE recurrence were also evaluated. Results Similarly significant improvements in right heart dysfunction and lung perfusion defects were observed in both groups. Overall bleeding incidents were low in both groups. Major bleeding directly associated with UK infusion occurred in one patient in the UK-2 h group and one in the UK-12 h group. Mortality rates were low, with one reported fatal recurrent in the UK-12 h group and none in the UK-2 h group. When the rate of bleeding, death and PE recurrence were compared separately in the hemodynamic instability and the massive anatomic obstruction subgroups, no significant difference was found. Conclusions The UK-2 h regimen exhibits similar efficacy and safety as the UK-12 h regimen for acute PE. Trial Registration Clinical trial registered with http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00799968 (Identifier: NCT 00799968)</p