Expression of Endocan in Tissue Samples from Prostate Adenocarcinoma and Prostate Hyperplasia: A Comparative Retrospective Study

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to determine whether there is a significant difference in endocan expression levels between prostate adenocarcinoma and prostate hyperplasia tissues by using an immunohistochemical method. Materials and Methods: All 51 patients, who were getting treatment for the last 5 years, participated in the study. 31 of 51 patients underwent transrectal sonography (TRUSG)-assisted prostate biopsy because of prostate adenocarcinoma as diagnosed with elevated PSA levels and histopathological examination. The remaining 20 patients comprised the control group. The control group included patients with benign prostate hyperplasia based on pathological examination. Results: It was found that there was strong positive epithelial staining in 74.2% of patients with prostate cancer while in 5% of controls, indicating a statistically significant difference (P < .001). It was also found that the rate of strong positive endothelial staining was 77.4% in the patient group whereas 5% in the control group (P < .001). Also, the rate of strong positive stromal staining was 64.5% in the patient group while 5% in the control group (P < .001). Conclusion: We found that tissue endocan expression level was statistically significantly higher in patients with prostate cancer compared to those with benign prostate hyperplasia by using an immunohistochemical method

Are Operating Rooms with Laminar Airflow a Risk for Inadvertent Perioperative Hypothermia during Ureterorenoscopic Lithotripsy under Spinal Anesthesia? A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial

Objectives Inadvertent perioperative hypothermia (IPH), defined as a core temperature <36°C, is common during a surgical procedure and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Laminar (LAS) and conventional airflow systems (CAS) are used frequently for clean microenvironmental surgical areas in operating rooms. In LAS, the cold airflow is directed toward the patient, unlike CAS. Does this airflow in LAS cause heat loss from the patient by convection more than CAS? We aimed to compare the IPH frequencies of these airflow systems on patients who underwent ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy (ureterorenoscopic surgery) under spinal anesthesia. Methods The study was a prospective, parallel-group, randomized trial. A total of 246 volunteers were included in the study and divided into group LAS (n = 123) and group CAS (n = 123). Randomization of patients was performed using the closed-envelope method (as 1:1). The tympanic membrane temperature of patients was measured before spinal anesthesia (T0) and then every 15 minutes (Tn) during the procedure. The IPH ratio and the change of the tympanic temperatures (ΔT) were recorded (clinical trial number: IRCT20180324039145N5). Results In total, there were no statistical differences between the IPH ratios of group LAS and group CAS (61.2% [71 of 116] versus 49.6% [57 of 115], respectively; P = 0.075). The IPH ratio was 55.4% (128 of 231). The tympanic temperatures of patients decreased about 0.64°C (0.45°C) at the 30th minute. In both groups, Δ30 was similar (0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.72 [P = 0.65]; 95% confidence interval, 0.55-0.74 [P = 0.236], respectively). Conclusions The risk for IPH of both LAS and CAS in the operating room is similar during ureterorenoscopic surgery. © Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved