USING NON-BLASTING TECHNOLOGIES FOR DESTRUCTION OF HARD ROCK IN SURFACE MINING

Determination the effective application field of non-blasting technology and technologies for the hard rock preparation for excavation during surface mining

The Impact of Low Rank Coal (LRC) Utilization on the Indonesian Economy 2025 : An Input-Output Analysis

The main objective of this paper is to quantify the economic impact of LRC utilization on the Indonesian economy in 2025 using Input-Output (IO) analysis. Combined with mathematical models, IO tables can be used to analyze economic impact, simulate the impact of policies and make estimates. In this study, the analysis is based on the 2005 IO Table 175 x 175 sectors with domestic transaction based on producer prices. The table was then adjusted to the conditions of 2013 and projected to 2025 with scenarios of economic growth at 5.5%. These growth scenarios are also used in forecasting energy demand. The type and amount of LRC utilization calculation results are based on economic and forecasting of energy demand, these then entered in the IO table as a new economic sector. After the IO tables are projected to 2025, multiplier, linkage and economic impact analyses are then carried out. Keywords: low rank coal, input-output analysis, multiplier, linkage, economic impact analysi

Measurement and analysis of partial lightning currents in a head phantom

Direct lightning strikes to the human head can lead to various effects, ranging from burnings to death. The biological and physical mechanisms of a direct lightning strike in the human head are not well understood. The aim of this paper is to design an experimental setup to measure the spatial and temporal current distribution during a direct lightning strike to physical head phantoms to establish normative values for personal lightning protection equipment design and testing. We created head phantoms made of agarose, replicating the geometric and dielectric properties of scalp, skull, and intracranial volume. The bases of the three compartments were galvanically contacted via copper electrodes to measure the current per compartment. We used pulse generators to apply aperiodic voltage and current signals that modelled lightning components. Our experiments indicated that the scalp compartment was exposed to the current with a fraction of 80–90%. The brain and skull compartments were exposed between 6–13% and 3–6% of the total measured current respectively. In case of a flashover, most of the current (98–99%) flowed through the discharge channel. Unlike previous theoretical estimates and measurements in technical setups, we observed considerably longer times for the flashover to build up. In our experiments, the time to build up a fully formed flashover varied from approximately 30–700 μs. The observed current patterns in cases without and with flashover provided information on regions of possible damage in the human head. Consequently, we identified the phenomenon of a flashover as a potential mechanism for humans to survive a lightning strike. Our measured current distributions and amplitudes formed the base for normative values, which can be used in later experimental investigations regarding the possibilities of individual lightning protection equipment for humans

Management of land reclamation quality for agricultural use in opencast mining

Purpose. Theoretical substantiation of principles and development of recommendations for the choice of technological variant to form the quality of lands of technogenic origin, which would ensure rational spending of funds allotted for reclamation and preservation of the reclaimed lands suitability for agricultural use with the highest requirements for agrophysical soil characteristics. Methods. The following methods were used in the process of the research: the method of theoretical generalization and systematization (to determine the characteristics peculiar to the formation of qualitative characteristics of man-made soil using mechanization of reclamation works), analytical (to determine the factors influencing the effectiveness of land reclamation in opencast mining), comparison (to analyze the efficiency of different versions of reclamation works mechanization). Findings. The influence of technical means of reclamation works mechanization on the quality of lands subject to restoration in conditions of opencast mining is analyzed. A methodological approach to the choice of mechanization of land reclamation works in respect to the indicators of the formed quality of technogenic agricultural lands as a factor of their monetary valuation and the level of costs for their reproduction is proposed. Recommendations for quality management of man-made lands by technical support of the process of their consumer properties formation, aimed at achieving a favorable ratio between quality and, accordingly, monetary valuation of man-made lands, on the one hand, and, on the other, – the cost of their reclamation. Originality. A scientific and methodological approach to the choice of technical equipment for reclamation works is proposed, where two factors are considered: reclamation costs and quality of man-made lands, which allows to determine the priority of cost savings or land quality improvement according to the target criterion of reclamation works efficiency. Practical implications. The obtained results are aimed at improving the methodological bases for management of the manmade lands reclamation process based on the choice of its mechanization means.Мета. Теоретичне обґрунтування засад та розробка рекомендацій щодо вибору технологічного варіанту формування якості земель техногенного походження, які б відповідали вимогам раціонального використання коштів на рекультивацію та збереження придатності відтворених земель до використання за сільськогосподарським напрямом, як таким, що має найвищі вимоги щодо агрофізичних характеристик ґрунту. Методика. У процесі дослідження використано метод теоретичного узагальнення та систематизації (для визначення особливостей формування якісних характеристик техногенного ґрунту з використанням засобів механізації рекультиваційних робіт), аналітичний (для визначення факторів, що впливають на результативність відтворення земель в умовах відкритих гірничих розробок), порівняння (для аналізу ефективності різних варіантів механізації рекультиваційних робіт). Результати. Здійснено аналіз впливу технічних засобів механізації рекультиваційних робіт на якість земель, що підлягають відтворенню в умовах відкритих гірничих розробок. Запропоновано методичний підхід до вибору варіанту механізації робіт з рекультивації земель за показниками сформованої якості техногенних земель сільськогосподарського призначення, як чинника їх грошової оцінки, та рівнем витрат на їх відтворення. Розроблено рекомендації щодо управління якістю техногенних земель шляхом технічного забезпечення процесу формування їх споживчих властивостей, скерованого на досягнення сприятливого співвідношення, з одного боку, між якістю та, відповідно, грошовою оцінкою техногенних угідь, а з іншого – витратами на їх відтворення. Наукова новизна. Запропоновано науково-методичний підхід до вибору технічного устаткування для проведення рекультиваційних робіт, який відрізняється урахуванням двох чинників – витрат на рекультивацію та якість техногенних земель, і дозволяє визначити пріоритетність заощадження витрат або покращення якості земель за цільовим критерієм ефективності рекультиваційних робіт. Практична значимість. Отримані результати спрямовані на удосконалення методичних основ управління процесом відтворення техногенних земель на основі вибору засобів його механізації.Цель. Теоретическое обоснование принципов и разработка рекомендаций относительно выбора технологического варианта формирования качества земель техногенного происхождения, соответствующего требованиям рационального использования средств на рекультивацию и обеспечения пригодности воспроизводимых земель к сельскохозяйственному использованию, предусматривающему наиболее высокие требования к агрофизическим характеристикам почв. Методика. В процессе исследования использованы метод теоретического обобщения и систематизации (для определения особенностей формирования качественных характеристик техногенного грунта с использованием средств механизации рекультивационных работ), аналитический (для определения факторов, влияющих на результативность воспроизводства земель в условиях открытых горных разработок), сравнения (для анализа эффективности различных вариантов механизации рекультивационных работ). Результаты. Выполнен анализ влияния технических средств механизации рекультивационных работ на качество земель, подлежащих восстановлению в условиях открытых горных разработок. Предложен методический подход к выбору варианта механизации работ по рекультивации земель в зависимости от его влияния на качество техногенных земель сельскохозяйственного назначения как фактора денежной оценки и уровня затрат на их восстановление. Разработаны рекомендации по управлению качеством техногенных земель путем технического обеспечения процесса формирования их потребительских свойств, направленного на достижение благоприятного соотношения, с одной стороны, между качеством и, соответственно, денежной оценкой техногенных угодий, а с другой – затратами на их восстановление. Научная новизна. Предложен научно-методический подход к выбору технического оборудования для проведения рекультивационных работ, позволяющий на основе учета затрат на рекультивацию и качества техногенных земель определять приоритетность экономии затрат или улучшения качества земель согласно целевому критерию эффективности рекультивационных работ. Практическая значимость. Полученные результаты направлены на совершенствование методических основ управления процессом восстановления техногенных земель на основе выбора средств его механизации.The authors extend their gratitude to the professor, Ph.D. Prokopenko Vasyl Ivanovych for the phase consultations during preparation of the present scientific article

Justification of the use of a vegetal additive to diesel fuel as a method of protecting underground personnel of coal mines from the impact of harmful emissions of diesel-hydraulic locomotives

Equipment with diesel engines is used in all mining enterprises. Monorail diesel transport is of great importance in coal mines, as it facilitates the heavy labor of workers when transporting materials and people, fixing mining workings, refueling and repairing equipment, which leads to an increase in the speed of tunneling operations. Reducing the concentration of harmful gases from diesel-hydraulic locomotives at the workplaces of coal mine locomotive drivers can be ensured by the use of additives to diesel fuel that reduce the volume of harmful gas emissions during the operation of diesel-hydraulic locomotives. Additive ester-based on vegetal oil in the amount of 5 mass % in a mixture with hydrotreated diesel fuel reduces the concentration of carbon monoxide by 19-60 %, nitrogen oxides by 17-98 %, depending on the operating mode of the engine, the smoke content of the exhaust gases is reduced to 71 %. There is an improvement in working conditions at the workplace of the driver of a diesel-hydraulic locomotive by the chemical factor due to the reduction of the class of working conditions from 3.1. to 2

Establishing the influence of the excavator standard sizes on the kaolin pit mining system parameters

The article is devoted to the issue of the overburden excavators effective standard sizes substantiation in the conditions of the development of kaolin pits. The influence of the excavator standard dimensions on the total weight of the extraction and loading equipment in the pit at a given annual productivity of the pit was investigated. It has been proven that when the shovel capacity of a hydraulic excavator increases by 7 times from one to 7 m3, the total number of excavators in the conditions of the Rozivskyi kaolin pit decreases by 6.7 times from 20 to 3, and their total metal capacity decreases by 2.3 times from 760 to 348 t. The established dependences of the daily productivity of the equipment and the excavation work cost on the excavator shovel volume allow claiming that scheme where using 5 Volvo EC 750D excavators and 10 Volvo A45 dump trucks is the most effective. The worst performance for all types of costs is the technological scheme using 20 Volvo 350D excavators and 17 Volvo A45 dump trucks. When using 5 Volvo EC 750D excavators and 10 Volvo A45 dump trucks in the proposed scheme, the cost of excavation works up to 34.5 UAH/m3 and is minimal due to the lowest costs for depreciation and repair of equipment, as well as for fuel and lubricants

J. curcas and Manihot esculenta are potential super plants for phytoremediation in multi-contaminated mine spoils

Phytoremediation approaches have increasingly been applied in environmental remediation projects. In this study, the potentials of Manihot esculenta (M. esculenta), Vigna unguiculata (V. unguiculata) and J. curcas curcas (J. curcas) in remediating multi-contaminated mine spoils was evaluated. The target potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are Cd, As, Zn, Pb, and Hg. The test plants were grown and monitored under growth stress conditions for 270 days. Using inductively Coupled Plasma- Mass Spectrometry and EPA method 200.8, the total elemental contents in the shoot and root parts of the plants were determined. Significant differences (p J. curcas> V. unguiculata was observed for multi-contaminant removal in soils. Techniques for enhancing the easy cultivation of the test plants are recommended to enhance their applicabilities in phytoremediation projects

Eight Become One: the EURECA-PRO University Network

[EN] The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 12 is the foundation of the European University on Responsible Consumption and Production consortium (EURECA-PRO). This article introduces the eight EURECAPRO partner universities: Montanuniversität Leoben (Austria), Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg (Germany), Technical University of Crete (Greece), University of León (Spain), Silesian University of Technology (Poland), Mittweida University of Applied Sciences (Germany), University of Petro¸sani (Romania), and Hasselt University (Belgium). In addition, each university’s role within the alliance and unique research and study programmes are outlined. The synergy created by EURECA-PRO enables the pursuit of an ambitious research agenda with five research “Lighthouse Missions” as well as the implementation of joint study programmes.SIMontanuniversität Leoben (Austria