Characteristics of immigrants and bilateral trade

This paper tests the impact of immigration on bilateral trade using Spanish data from 1995 to 2003. It also explores some possible mechanisms behind this link. It uses a gravity equation for trade augmented with an immigrant’s stock variable and a set of control variables. The immigrants variable enters the estimated equation in different ways depending on immigrant relevant characteristics both individual and non individualspecific. Results show that there is a positive link between immigration and both exports and imports. We find evidence for the trade transaction cost channel but not for the preference one. The mechanisms behind this link are the information effect –immigrant’s additional information about products and about social and political institutions– and the social or ethnic network effect –immigrants with a medium level of education and those related to business activities are the ones who have a positive effect on bilateral trade.International Trade, migration

Does Immigration Help to Explain Intra-Industry Trade? Evidence for Spain

This paper argues and provides evidence that the stock of immigrants in a country have a positive effect on the share of its bilateral intra-industry trade (IIT). The paper links the literatures about immigration and trade and about IIT determinants. The key is that immigration contributes to trade transaction costs reduction and this would benefit more intra than inter-industry trade. We test this hypothesis using Spanish data and departing from the models developed by Helpman (1987). Immigration helps more IIT in manufactures and IIT between Spain and less developed countries. Results are robust both to different estimation methods and specifications.Intra-industry trade, immigration.

Immigrant’s Characteristics and its different effects on bilateral trade

This paper tests for the impact of immigration on bilateral trade using Spanish data from 1995 to 2003. It also explores some possible mechanisms through which the stock of immigrants in a country can contribute to its trade. It uses a gravity equation for trade augmented with an immigrants stock variable and a set of control variables. The immigrants variable enters the estimated equation in different ways depending on immigrant relevant characteristics. Results show that there is a positive link between immigration and both exports and imports. We find evidence for the trade transaction cost channel but not for the preference one. We find evidence that support that the mechanisms behind this link are the information effect - additional information about product and about social and political institutions brought by immigrants - and the social o ethnic network effect - since immigrants with a medium level of education and those who are related to business activities are the one who have a positive effect on bilateral trade.International Trade, Migration

Nicolás Fernández de Moratín, recreador del Arte de amar.

Sin resume

Anaxárete : de Ovidio a Jorge Guillén

This paper deals with Jorge Guillén's recreation of the Iphis and Anaxarate myth in «Tiempo Perdido., a fifteen-poem sequence included in Homenaje. The only classical source for this theme is Ovid's narration in Metamorphosis XIV, 698-761, although it has a long tradition in Spanish Literature from Garcilaso to Calderón. Guillén faithfully recreates Ovid's text, above all in poems such as .,Las coronas» (paraclausithyron in the elegiac way with a first-person focalization), «Últimas resistencias» (allusion to Anaxarate's arrogant attitude) and «Muerte y petrificación (tragic ending). This fidelity to the hipotext goes together with a logical trans-stylizationEste artículo trata con la recreación de Jorge Guillén del mito de Iphis y Anaxarate, en “Tiempo Perdido”, una secuencia de quince poemas incluidos en “Homenaje”. La única fuente clásica de este tópico se encuentra en la narración de Ovidio “Metamorfosis” (XIV, 698-761), pese a contar con una larga tradición en la literatura española, yendo desde Garcilaso hasta Calderón. Guillén recrea de manera fiel el texto de Ovidio, sobre todo en los poemas “Las coronas” (paraclausithyron en forma elegíaca con focalización en primera persona), “Últimas resistencias” (en alusión a la actitud arrogante de Anaxarate) y “Muerte y petrificación” (final trágico). Esta fidelidad al hipotexto va de la mano con una transestilización consecuente y lógica

La Eneida de Virgilio, un viaje entre Troya y Roma

In the Aeneid the Aeneas’ journey is only a brief sequence of a longer and more relevant travel through time, a travel that covers the distance between the legendary Troy and the historical Rome, which is the real argument of the Vergilian epic

Classical Tradition in Spain: Some Perspectives from Classical Philology

Se definen conceptos previos relacionados con el estudio de la fortuna de lo clásico y se destacan algunas obras críticas fundamentales para esta disciplina. Se pone de relieve en especial la importancia de la producción de María Rosa Lida de Malkiel como modelo para el estudio de la presencia de lo clásico en la literatura española. Y se analizan, en general y en pasajes concretos, dos obras de la literatura española en relación con su recepción de lo clásico: el Libro de buen amor del Arcipreste de Hita (siglo XIV), ejemplo de recepción medieval, y la Fábula de Faetón del Conde de Villamediana (siglo XVII), ejemplo de recepción barroca. El ingrediente clásico en la obra del Arcipreste proviene mayoritariamente de fuentes intermedias (Pamphilus, Compendium moralium de Geremia da Montagnone, etc.) y es sobre todo de carácter material (elementos doctrinales, morales, tópicos). La fábula mitológica de Villamediana no solo es deudora de lo clásico en su argumento mitológico-ovidiano, sino en su estilo oscuro, que se fundamenta en el latinismo constante y en el recurso a la perífrasis culta y frecuentemente mitológica; estas características de la obra requieren una especial pericia para su correcta edición y glosa.This paper defines previous concepts related to the study of the fortune of the classical and highlights some key critical works to this topic. The importance of María Rosa Lida de Malkiel’s production is brought to light as a model for the study of the presence of the classical in Spanish Literature. Two works of Spanish literature are also analyzed, in general and in specific extracts, according to the relation with their reception of the classical: the Libro del buen amor by Archpriest of Hita (14th century), example of medieval reception, and the Fabula de Faetón by the Count of Villamediana (17th century), example of reception in the Baroque period. The classical element in the Archpriest’s work comes chiefly from intermediate sources (Pamphilus, Compendium Moralium by Geremia da Montagnone, etc.) and is mainly of a material nature (doctrinal, moral, commonplace elements). Villamediana's mythological fable is not only influenced by the classic in its mythological-Ovidean plot, but also in its obscure style, based on the constant Latinisms and on the frequent use of learned and mythological periphrasis; these characteristics of this work demand a special expertise for its correct edition and comment

Pigmalión y la estatua: muestras de un tema ovidiano en la poesía española

In this article they are picked up and commented poetic Spanish textes (Cetina, Figueroa, Calderón, Porcel, Lloréns, Hierro, Botas and Velaza), that show the pervivence of Ovidian passage about Pygmalion (Met. X243-297)