Avaliação do nível de conhecimento da população do campus universitário da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais sobre câncer bucal

Exportado OPUSMade available in DSpace on 2019-08-12T17:03:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 crcomunian___disserta__o.pdf: 607492 bytes, checksum: c63770a476ceb859e7272577b56037c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 30O câncer bucal (CB) é um problema de saúde pública, que ainda representa um quadro dramático de morbidade e mortalidade e cujo diagnóstico não requer aparelhos caros, nem intervenções complicadas. Embora vários trabalhos discutam a prevalência e incidência, como também os fatores de risco, existem poucos artigos que tratam do nível de informação da população em geral a respeito do tema. As campanhas abordam vários tipos de câncer, mas o CB, apesar de freqüente, não é devidamente enfatizado. Nesse estudo foi investigado o nível de conhecimento sobre o CB, da população do Campus Universitário da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (CUUFMG). Foi aplicado um questionário que investigou aspectos como o conhecimento sobre fatores de risco e de proteção, sinais iniciais e conhecimento sobre auto-exame. Foram entrevistadas 260 pessoas vinculadas à UFMG entre alunos, professores e funcionários técnico-administrativos, dentre as quais, 231 (88,8%) declararam já terem ouvido falar a respeito de CB. As respostas foram pontuadas de 1 a 15 e determinou-se cinco níveis de conhecimento assim distribuídos em nossa amostra: 1 a 3 pontos = Baixo conhecimento sobre CB (8,7%); 4 a 6 pontos = Regular (42,0%); 7 a 9 pontos = Médio (34,6%); 10 a 12 pontos = Bom (12,1%); 13 a 15 pontos = Ótimo (2,6%). Obtivemos como resultados uma média de 6,8 (dp ± 2,7) pontos, onde 117 (50,7%) pessoas entrevistadas apresentaram um nível de conhecimento Baixo e Regular sobre CB. As variáveis independentes não influenciaram o conhecimento, exceto a idade acima de 51 anos, que mostrou uma tendência a influenciar (p = 0, 07, com CI = 95%) e a renda familiar que influenciou diretamente o nível de conhecimento (p = 0,004 com CI = 95%). Ao final conclui-se que, por se tratar de uma população diferenciada mais exposta à informação, o conhecimento sobre CB foi insatisfatório, devendo, pois, ser incentivadas mais campanhas educativas. Novos estudos envolvendo populações regionalizadas devem ser realizados com vistas à determinação do nível de conhecimento sobre o CB.Despite of the simple and costless diagnose of oral cancer, this disease still shows epidemiological concern because of its worldwide very high morbidity and mortality. There are many published studies about the prevalence and incidence of this disease in the literature. However, very few of them deal with the population level of information on oral cancer. Uncouthly public campaigns cover different types of cancer, but oral cancer remains still insufficiently targeted. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of knowledge in a particular population belonging to a University Campus namely the Campus of the Federal University of Minas Gerais. The investigation was carried on with a questionnaire in order to depict the knowledge of risk factor as well as protection factor on oral cancer, initial signals of oral cancer and self-examination. The sample consisted of 260 individuals distributed amongst students, professors and administrative workers. From those, 231 (88,8%) had already heard about oral cancer. In order to analyze the results concerning the level of knowledge on oral cancer, the answers for the questionnaire were given grades from 1 to 15. From that, five levels of knowledge were established: 1-3 grades = poor (8,7%); 4-6 grades = regular (42%); 7-9 grades = medium (34,6%); 10-12 grades = good (12,1%); 13-15 grades = good (2,6%). In this study the mean result for the main question concerning level of knowledge on oral cancer was 6,8 grades (dp ± 2,7). Hundred and seventeen individuals (50,7%) showed a very poor understanding on oral cancer. The independent variables did not seem to have played an important role on the level of knowledge about oral cancer in this study. Nevertheless, individuals above 51 years of age seem to know less about it than others. However, this was not statistically significant, remaining in the field of tendency only (p = 0,07, com CI = 95%). Considering the possibility of high exposure to information of the sample is this study, the level of knowledge regarding the oral cancer found was X not at all satisfactory. Rather it indicates the urgent need for establishing educational programs on the subject as well as further studies on the subject

C. elegans Body Cavity Neurons Are Homeostatic Sensors that Integrate Fluctuations in Oxygen Availability and Internal Nutrient Reserves

SummaryIt is known that internal physiological state, or interoception, influences CNS function and behavior. However, the neurons and mechanisms that integrate sensory information with internal physiological state remain largely unknown. Here, we identify C. elegans body cavity neurons called URX(L/R) as central homeostatic sensors that integrate fluctuations in oxygen availability with internal metabolic state. We show that depletion of internal body fat reserves increases the tonic activity of URX neurons, which influences the magnitude of the evoked sensory response to oxygen. These responses are integrated via intracellular cGMP and Ca2+. The extent of neuronal activity thus reflects the balance between the perception of oxygen and available fat reserves. The URX homeostatic sensor ensures that neural signals that stimulate fat loss are only deployed when there are sufficient fat reserves to do so. Our results uncover an interoceptive neuroendocrine axis that relays internal state information to the nervous system

Hierarchical simulation of aquifer heterogeneity: implications of different simulation settings on solute-transport modeling | [Simulation hiérarchique de l’hétérogénéité des aquifères: implications de différentes configurations de simulation sur la modélisation du transport de solutés]

The fine-scale heterogeneity of porous media affects the large-scale transport of solutes and contaminants in groundwater and it can be reproduced by means of several geostatistical simulation tools. However, including the available geological information in these tools is often cumbersome. A hierarchical simulation procedure based on a binary tree is proposed and tested on two real-world blocks of alluvial sediments, of a few cubic meters volume, that represent small-scale aquifer analogs. The procedure is implemented using the sequential indicator simulation, but it is so general that it can be adapted to various geostatistical simulation tools, improving their capability to incorporate geological information, i.e., the sedimentological and architectural characterization of heterogeneity. When compared with a standard sequential indicator approach on bi-dimensional simulations, in terms of proportions and connectivity indicators, the proposed procedure yields reliable results, closer to the reference observations. Different ensembles of three-dimensional simulations based on different hierarchical sequences are used to perform numerical experiments of conservative solute transport and to obtain ensembles of equivalent pore velocity and dispersion coefficient at the scale length of the blocks (meter). Their statistics are used to estimate the impact of the variability of the transport properties of the simulated blocks on contaminant transport modeled on bigger domains (hectometer). This is investigated with a one-dimensional transport modeling based on the Kolmogorov-Dmitriev theory of branching stochastic processes. Applying the proposed approach with diverse binary trees and different simulation settings provides a great flexibility, which is revealed by the differences in the breakthrough curves

Proteomic analysis of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum leaf microsomal fractions finds an imbalance in V-ATPase stoichiometry during the salt-induced transition from C3 to CAM.

The halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum adapts to salt stress by salt uptake and switching from C3 photosynthesis to CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism). An important role in this process is played by transport proteins in the tonoplast of the central vacuole. In the present study we examine dynamic changes in the protein composition during salt-stress adaptation in microsomes from M. crystallinum leaves. Plants challenged with 400 mM NaCl accumulate salt by day 4 of treatment and malic acid only at day 12; a switching to CAM hence follows any initial steps of salt adaptation with a delay. Using a label-free and semiquantitative approach, we identified the most dramatic changes between the proteome of control plants and plants harvested after 12 days of the treatment; the abundance of 14 proteins was significantly affected. The proteomic data revealed that the majority of the subunits of V-ATPase (vacuolar H(+)-ATPase) holoenzyme. The salt treatment somewhat decreased the abundance of all subunits in the short term (4 days). Long-term adaptation, including the switching to CAM, goes together with a strong increase in the representation of all detectable subunits. Because this increase is subunit-specific, with the highest rise occurring for subunits E and c, the data suggest that long-term adaptation to salt stress correlates with a change in V-ATPase subunit stoichiometry and highlight the structural plasticity of this holoenzyme