Process for extracting and purifying chitin by using green solvents

Process for the treatment of biomass comprising chitin with a process solvent selected from a eutectic solvent consisting of a hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen bond donor, an ionic liquid and/or a mixture of said eutectic solvent and said ionic liquid, said process comprising the following steps: A. mixing the biomass with the process solvent; B. separating the chitin precipitated in step A. from the remainder of the mixture; wherein: i. the hydrogen bond acceptor is a choline salt with a C2-C6 organic acid, and containing at least one carboxyl group and optionally substituted in the alkyl chain with at least one hydroxyl group, ii. the hydrogen bond donor is an organic acid selected from: glycolic acid, diglycolic acid, levulinic acid, or is imidazole; provided that when choline glycolate is used as a hydrogen bond acceptor, the hydrogen bond donor must be different from glycolic acid; iii. in step A. a polar protic solvent soluble in both said process solvent and water is added to the process solvent; selected from a linear or branched C1-C6 aliphatic alcohol; iv. the ionic liquid is the salt resulting from the exchange reaction between one of the organic acids used as a hydrogen bond donor listed above in point ii. and a choline salt specified in i. used as a hydrogen bond acceptor

Composizione anticalcarea

Composizione comprendente: a) un primo solvente scelto tra: a1) un solvente eutettico costituito da un accettore di legame idrogeno e da un donatore di legame idrogeno, a2) un liquido ionico o a3) una miscela di detto solvente eutettico e detto liquido ionico; eventualmente in associazione con un secondo solvente b) scelto tra almeno un alcol inferiore, acqua o relative miscele

A limescale composition

Uso come decalcificante o anticalcare di una composizione comprendente: a) un primo solvente scelto tra: a1) un solvente eutettico costituito da un accettore di legame idrogeno e da un donatore di legame idrogeno, a2) un liquido ionico o a3) una miscela di detto solvente eutettico e detto liquido ionico; eventualmente in associazione con un secondo solvente b) scelto tra almeno un alcol inferiore, acqua o relative miscele, in cui nel primo solvente eutettico a1) l’accettore di legame idrogeno e il donatore di legame idrogeno sono privi di alogeni

Deep eutectic solvent as solvent and catalyst: One-pot synthesis of 1,3-dinitropropanes via tandem Henry reaction/Michael addition

The Henry reaction was performed using microwave heating within the deep eutectic solvent (DES) choline chloride/urea (ChCl/urea) which acted as both the catalyst and solvent for the reaction. The optimisation of the conditions (temperature, heating mode, time, DES) allowed 1,3-dinitropropane derivatives to be obtained via tandem Henry reaction/Michael addition, in one step from a range of different aromatic aldehydes in high yields and under mild reaction condition

Processo per il trattamento di biomasse

Processo per il trattamento di biomasse lignocellulosiche con un solvente di processo scelto tra un solvente eutettico, un liquido ionico o una miscela di detto solvente eutettico e detto liquido ionico

Deep Eutectic Solvents: Promising Co-solvents to Improve the Extraction Kinetics of CyMe4-BTBP

In this communication, we report on the use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for processing nuclear waste, with a view to selectively recovering minor actinides (MA) from highly active raffinate solutions. DESs are an interesting new class of green and eco-sustainable solvents. Herein, a representative family of DES was tested as a co-solvent for MA/lanthanides partitioning based on Selective ActiNide EXtraction (SANEX)-like hydrometallurgical processes. The reference system exploits the CyMe4-BTBP lipophilic extractant for selective MA recovery, but the slow kinetics is the main limitation toward the industrial implementation. A selection of hydrophilic DESs has been proposed as a phase transfer catalyst and tested to improve the process performances. In this work, the radiochemical stability and the extraction behavior of these DESs have been ascertained. Moreover, a preliminary optimization of system composition has been achieved. This study underlines a catalytic effect of DES that can be proficiently exploited to enhance CyMe4-BTBP extraction and selectivity

Synthesis of DPA-triazole structures and their application as ligand for metal catalyzed organic reactions

In this work, the use of DPA-triazole (DPA = dipicolylamine) molecules as ligands for metal catalyzed organic reactions has been investigated. A small library of ligands has been prepared by a CuAAC (click reaction) between propargyl-DPA and different azides. For a selected ligand the complexation with Zn(II) in solution has been investigated by NMR and MS. DFT calculation supported the structure of the complex as revealed by NMR data. The ligand was then used for metal-catalyzed organic transformation. The Henry reaction between nitromethane and aromatic aldehydes was efficiently catalyzed by the Zn(II)-DPA-triazole complex with only 2 mol% of catalyst. Changing the metal from Zn(II) to Cu(II), the system proved to be effective in the formation of acetals from the reaction of aldehydes and methanol or ethanol, thus revealing the versatility of the DPA-triazole ligand. Finally, a soluble polymer-supported ligand was used in the Zn(II) catalyzed Henry reaction, allowing for the recovery and reuse of the catalyst up to five times without evident loss of activity