Abnormal branching of the axillary artery: an axillo-hepatic artery

The axillary artery is a continuation of the subclavian at the outer border of first rib. Reports of anatomic variations of the axillary artery encountered during cadaveric dissection are not uncommon. However, abnormal branching patterns of the axillary artery identified on imaging studies are rare. We encountered an abnormal branch of the right axillary artery, which descended along the lateral thoraco-abdominal wall and gave off branches to the liver capsule before terminating at the level of the ipsilateral iliac crest. Knowledge of this variation, which we term the axillo-hepatic artery, will be of interest to anatomists, radiologists and adult- and pediatric- surgeons operating on the upper chest and abdominal regions. To our knowledge, such a vessel has not been reported previously in the extant medical literature

Concomitant Posterior Hip Dislocation, Ipsilateral Intertrochanteric- and Proximal Tibial- Fractures with Poplitea Artery Injury: A Challenging Trauma Mélange

Constellation of ipsilateral posterior hip dislocation, intertrochanteric- and proximal tibial fracture with popliteal artery injury is rare. Management of this presentation is challenging. A motor vehicle accident victim presented with these injuries, but without any initial signs of vascular compromise. Popliteal artery injury was diagnosed intra-operatively and repaired. This was followed by external fixation of tibial fracture, open reduction of dislocated hip and internal fixation of intertrochanteric fracture. Patient regained bilateral complete weight bearing and returned to pre-accident activity level. Apt surgical management including early repair of vascular injury in such a trauma mélange allows for a positive postoperative outcome

Concomitant posterior hip dislocation, ipsilateral intertrochanteric- and proximal tibial- fractures with popliteal artery injury: a challenging trauma mélange

Constellation of ipsilateral posterior hip dislocation, intertrochanteric- and proximal tibial fracture with popliteal artery injury is rare. Management of this presentation is challenging. A motor vehicle accident victim presented with these injuries, but without any initial signs of vascular compromise. Popliteal artery injury was diagnosed intra-operatively and repaired. This was followed by external fixation of tibial fracture, open reduction of dislocated hip and internal fixation of intertrochanteric fracture. Patient regained bilateral complete weight bearing and returned to pre-accident activity level. Apt surgical management including early repair of vascular injury in such a trauma mélange allows for a positive postoperative outcome

Neonatal Perforated Appendicitis Attributed to Localized Necrotizing Enterocolitis of the Appendix: A Review

Neonatal appendicitis is a rare clinical entity associated with remarkable morbidity and mortality. Appendicular perforation is common and the diagnosis is usually made intra-operatively. The causative etiology of neonatal perforated appendicitis (NPA) is a subject of debate and has not been elucidated. Although many etiologic theories exist, increasing evidence suggests a subset of NPA cases may represent a form of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) localized to the appendix. We herein present a review of the current literature to include cases of NPA attributed to localized NEC. A high index of clinical suspicion and early laparotomy are recommended

Neonatal Perforated Appendicitis Masquerading as Necrotizing Enterocolitis

A preterm neonate underwent emergent laparotomy for presumed necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Intra-operatively, neonatal perforated appendicitis (NPA) was encountered. This may represent a form of NEC localized to the appendix. A high index of clinical suspicion and early laparotomy are recommended