Four Voices of Pound in Cantos I-XVII

Between 1922 and 1924, Ezra Pound completed the first sixteen Cantos. He had published three Cantos in 1917, but suspended work on them shortly thereafter. It was not until 1922, after he had moved to Paris that he resumed work on the Cantos, piecing together what now stand as the first sixteen by the summer of 1924. This places the creation of Cantos I-XVI at the same time as the writing of Ulysses and The Wasteland. Cantos XVII-XXVII were published in 1929. In July of 1922 Pound wrote of the first Cantos in a letter: The first 11 cantos are preparation of the palette. I have to get down all the colours or elements I want for the poem. Some perhaps too enigmatically and abbreviatedly. I hope, heaven help me, to bring them into some sort of design and architecture later. Because these first cantos represent such a freshly prepared palette, they provide an excellent microcosm in which to examine the elements of Pound\u27s art. Although Canto XVII was written later than the first sixteen, sometime between 1922 and 1928, it adheres so closely to them thematically and stylistically, in many ways tying elements of the first sixteen together, that studying it with I-XVI is helpful in gaining a glimpse of Pound\u27s nascent design and architecture

Four Voices of Pound in Cantos I-XVII

Between 1922 and 1924, Ezra Pound completed the first sixteen Cantos. He had published three Cantos in 1917, but suspended work on them shortly thereafter. It was not until 1922, after he had moved to Paris that he resumed work on the Cantos, piecing together what now stand as the first sixteen by the summer of 1924. This places the creation of Cantos I-XVI at the same time as the writing of Ulysses and The Wasteland. Cantos XVII-XXVII were published in 1929. In July of 1922 Pound wrote of the first Cantos in a letter: The first 11 cantos are preparation of the palette. I have to get down all the colours or elements I want for the poem. Some perhaps too enigmatically and abbreviatedly. I hope, heaven help me, to bring them into some sort of design and architecture later. Because these first cantos represent such a freshly prepared palette, they provide an excellent microcosm in which to examine the elements of Pound\u27s art. Although Canto XVII was written later than the first sixteen, sometime between 1922 and 1928, it adheres so closely to them thematically and stylistically, in many ways tying elements of the first sixteen together, that studying it with I-XVI is helpful in gaining a glimpse of Pound\u27s nascent design and architecture

Asset-pooling in uncertain times : implications of small-group farming for agricultural restructuring in the Kyrgyz Republic

Substantial theoretical and policy debate in the early 1990s led to an excessive focus on de-collectivisation and individualisation of land rights through privatisation across the former communist bloc. The objective of this paper is to examine “individualised” production systems more closely in order to understand better how certain specific organisational approaches to production differ with respect to a set of indicators of technical efficiency. In this paper we provide quantitative analysis of these new types of farming units and provide a rationale for a deeper exploration into the nature of these groups. Overall we find that the total factor productivity of small groups formed on familial and social ties is higher than that of individual farms, given the uncertain rural environment in Kyrgyzstan and the resource constraints facing landholders at this point in time. The explanation for this hinges primarily on understanding the assetpooling, risk-sharing and labour specialisation functions of groups. In-depth qualitative fieldwork performed in conjunction with this study confirms these explanations (see Sabates-Wheeler 2004). As transition agriculture continues to adapt to land reform choices that were made ten years ago, a major policy question facing the Kyrgyz government must be, what kind of agrarian structure should be facilitated in order to promote agricultural growth? Despite the push for de-collectivisation there remains a place for encouraging group farming, on grounds of both poverty alleviation and agricultural growth. Keywords: Kyrgyzstan; agricultural restructuring; asset-pooling

How do practitioners characterize land tenure security?

Improving land tenure security (LTS) is a significant challenge for sustainable development. The Sustainable Development Goals and other recent global initiatives have renewed and increased the need to improve LTS to address climate change, biodiversity loss, food security, poverty reduction, and other challenges. At the same time, policymakers are increasingly interested in evidence- based policies and decisions, creating urgency for practitioners and researchers to work together. Yet, incongruent characterizations of LTS (identifying the key components of LTS) by practitioners and researchers can limit collaboration and information flows necessary for research and effective policymaking. While there are systematic reviews of how LTS is characterized in the academic literature, no prior study has assessed how practitioners characterize LTS. We address this gap using data from 54 interviews of land tenure practitioners working in 10 countries of global importance for biodiversity and climate change mitigation. Practitioners characterize LTS as complex and multifaceted, and a majority of practitioners refer to de jure terms (e.g., titling) when characterizing it. Notably, in our data just one practitioner characterized LTS in terms of perceptions of the landholder, contrasting the recent emphasis in the academic literature on landholder perceptions in LTS characterizations. Researchers should be aware of incongruence in how LTS is characterized in the academic literature when engaging practitioners.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/155485/1/csp2186.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/155485/2/csp2186_am.pd

Asset-pooling in uncertain times : implications of small-group farming for agricultural restructuring in the Kyrgyz Republic / Rachel Sabates-Wheeler and Malcolm D. Childress

Parallel als Buch-Ausg. erschiene

Oil, transition and security in Central Asia /

Agricultural restructuring in Kyrgyzstan: the next phase / Malcolm D. ChildressCaspian oil and gas: how far have we come and where are we going? / John RobertsCentral Asian military reform: national, regional and international influences / Roy AllisonCentral Asian water problems: the role of international law / Alan BoyleConstitutional change in Central Asia / John AndersonContinuity and change in the societies of Central Asia and the Caucasus: a theoretical approach / Anna ZelkinaEurasian manoeuvres / John EricksonIn search of civil society in Central Asia / Sergei GretskyIndependent Kazakstan: managing heterogeneity / Sally N. CummingsIndependent Kyrgyzstan: liberalisation and economic reform / Meg LuckinsIndependent Tajikistan: ten years lost / Rafis AbazovIndependent Turkmenistan: from post-communism to sultanism / Annette BohrIndependent Uzbekistan: ten years of gradualism or stagnation? / Stuart HorsmanNation-building and language standardisation in Kazakhstan / Pal KolstoPerspectives on the political risk system for western multinational oil company investment in Central Asia / Peter RichesRussian and Iranian national interests and their policies in the Caspian geopolitical region / Habibollah Abolhassan ShiraziSome geopolitical peculiarities of Central Asia, past and present / Talgat IsmagambetovThe Caspian Sea: the management and politicisation of the maritime ecosystem in a period of transition / Stuart HorsmanThe Caspian states of the former Soviet Union: economic performance since 1998 / Helen Boss HeslopTurkmenistan: the political elite in an ethnic society / Shokhrat Kadyro