Introduction – The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region: 1997-2017

In this survey of the two decades since Hong Kong’s return to the motherland, the author chooses to focus on the performance of the economy, Beijing’s policy towards the territory and the development of the pro-democracy movement. These three variables probably have the most important impact on Hong Kong’s political and social stability and its challenges ahead

The Policy Programme and Human Rights Position of the Xi Jinping Administration

In the Nineteenth Party Congress in October 2017, Xi Jinping managed to consolidate power, generating speculation that he may even seek a third term in 2022 against the established political convention. To a considerable extent, the Party regime has been able to maintain legitimacy through economic growth, a basic social security net covering the entire population and effective governance. Above all else, Xi Jinping’s impressive combat of corruption has been a significant hallmark of his administration. This article attempts to examine the policy programme of the Xi Jinping administration and understand its basic position on human rights in China’s present environment where civil society is still developing under increasingly difficult conditions and as yet to be in no position to confront the Party regime

China’s African Policy – Increasing Importance and Active Adjustments

As China’s economy continues to grow, it wants to expand its markets and secure reliable supplies of resources in support of its economic development. Resource diplomacy therefore becomes a prominent feature of its modernization diplomacy. In turn, many African countries perceive political and economic ties with China an important asset which strengthens their international bargaining power, especially vis-á-vis the Western countries. African countries are also depicted as China’s reliable political and economic partners. Chinese leaders have no intention of engaging in diplomatic and strategic competition with the United States and the European Union in Africa, but they certainly will not cooperate with Western governments in helping Africa because they want to push for multipolarity. China's approach to Africa has come under criticisms of neo-colonialism; and in recent years serious adjustments have been implemented. It is expected that Africa’s significance within the Chinese foreign policy framework will continue to grow

The Hong Kong Pro-democracy Movement: Challenges and Divisions in the Past Decade

This article is an attempt to examine the challenges to Hong Kong’s pro-democracy movement and the movement’s internal divisions in the past decade or so. It is based on the author’s research and writing on Hong Kong’s pro-democracy movement in the past decades as well as his role as a close participant/observer when he served as co-ordinator in a number of campaigns of the movement. In various activities and protests, he had numerous informal discussions and conversations with leaders of pro-democracy groups, activists and ordinary participants. This article does not argue that improved unity and performance of the pro-democracy movement might have changed the outcome; after all, Chinese leaders’ assessment of the broad domestic environment and their Hong Kong policy were the more determining factors. This article has no intention to allocate responsibility and blame either

Chinese Perceptions of Russian Foreign Policy During the Putin Administration: U.S.-Russia Relations and “Strategic Triangle” Considerations Chinas Sichtweise der russischen Außenplitik während der Regierungszeit von Putin: Die Beziehung zwischen den USA und Russland sowie Überlegungen eines "strategischen Dreiecks"

This article examines the Chinese perception of Russian foreign policy during the Putin administration by analysing Beijing’s assessment of Russia’s foreign policy objectives and its policy towards the U.S., as reflected in the official media and the authoritative publications of China’s major security and foreign policy think tanks. Promoting multipolarity and checks and balances against U.S. unilateralism has been a very significant consideration on the part of the Chinese leadership. Using the concept of the “strategic triangle”, the article demonstrates how changes in U.S.-Russian relations have probably become the most important variable in this push for multipolarity. In the past decade and a half, Sino-Russian relations have improved when Russia has become disappointed with the support it received from the U.S. There have also been periods of time when Russia has anticipated closer relations with the U.S. and thus neglected China’s vital interests. The Chinese leadership, however, has exercised restraint at such times. There has been greater optimism in Beijing concerning Sino-Russian relations in recent years because of the expanding economic ties, Russia’s increasing oil wealth and Putin’s authoritarian orientation. In diesem Artikel wird die chinesische Sichtweise der russischen Außenpolitik während der Regierungszeit Putins untersucht

Hong Kong since the Beijing massacre. by Joseph Yu Shek Cheng

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The Occupation Campaign in Hong Kong: A Participant’s View

The Occupation Campaign in Hong Kong ended on December 15, 2014 after 79 days reflected the protesters and pro-democracy groups’ wish to tell the world that they are not going to give up the cause of democracy and that they will continue to fight despite the understanding that it will be extremely difficult to change the decision of the Chinese leadership in the short term. In the eyes of the supporters of the pro-democracy movement, the challenge facing Hong Kong people is not just fighting for a democratic electoral system, but also struggle to maintain their core values, their lifestyles, and their individual dignity – an uphill battle given that the local business community firmly toes the Beijing line. While the political struggles of the young people of Hong Kong are perceived to have brought hope to the pro-democracy movement, the prospects for democracy remain far from promising

Chinese perceptions of Russian foreign policy during the Putin administration: U.S.-Russia relations and "strategic triangle" considerations

This article examines the Chinese perception of Russian foreign policy during the Putin administration by analysing Beijing's assessment of Russia’s foreign policy objectives and its policy towards the U.S., as reflected in the official media and the authoritative publications of China’s major security and foreign policy think tanks. Promoting multipolarity and checks and balances against U.S. unilateralism has been a very significant consideration on the part of the Chinese leadership. Using the concept of the "strategic triangle", the article demonstrates how changes in U.S.-Russian relations have probably become the most important variable in this push for multipolarity. In the past decade and a half, Sino-Russian relations have improved when Russia has become disappointed with the support it received from the U.S. There have also been periods of time when Russia has anticipated closer relations with the U.S. and thus neglected China's vital interests. The Chinese leadership, however, has exercised restraint at such times. There has been greater optimism in Beijing concerning Sino-Russian relations in recent years because of the expanding economic ties, Russia’s increasing oil wealth and Putin's authoritarian orientation.In diesem Artikel wird die chinesische Sichtweise der russischen Außenpolitik während der Regierungszeit Putins untersucht