Effect of a Specific Training Programme on Development of Soccer Playing Ability of 14-Year-Old Young Soccer Players

The game soccer is the world’s most popular team game. High level of conditioning programme is required for better performance. Today sports performance is complex in nature. High level of performance depends not only on fitness but also on individual skill along with technique and tactics. To assess the impact of specific training programme on development of physical fitness and soccer playing ability 18 players were selected from inter district school championship to form experimental group. Similarly 18 players were selected from inter school championship to form control group. Experimental group was given some specific treatment for six weeks but control group had no specific training programme but they used to take part in regular school sports activities. After analyzing pre and post test data of experimental and control group, it was found that the experimental group sigficantly improved their fitness level and soccer playing ability whereas the control group failed to show any improvement than the pre test data. Specific fitness training programme had pronounced influence on soccer playing ability over and above fitness development

Treatment dropout: the hidden truth behind the treatment failure of malignancy

Background: Bangladesh is a country with a high burden of malignant people. As this burning issue is recklessly increasing day by day, the aim of this study is to point out the causes behind the cancer patients getting dropped out of the midway of their treatment.Methods:  A total of 40 patients were enrolled in this study at a tertiary level cancer hospital. They were selected from the treatment drop out of the registry of our oncology ward, connected through their contact numbers, and several questions were asked systematically according to a pre-formed questionnaire containing patients’ age, gender, socio-economic and educational status, different possible causes of treatment drop out, etc. Data were collected and analyzed systematically with the help of SPSS 25.Results: Among the study population (n=40), the number of male and female patients was 12 (30%) and 28 (70%) respectively. The mean age of male patients was 65 years (range 45 to 78 years) and that of female were 45 years (35 to 60 years. Most of the patients were from lower-middle-class socio-economic status (45%) with an average of educational status up to secondary school certificate (SSC) exam and family income less than 20,000 BDT per month. Only 15% of patients were self-dependent and the rest of all were dependent on either husband (in the case of female) or children. Among twelve male patients (n=12), five patients (5, 41.6%) had colorectal cancer, three patients (3, 25%) had lung cancer and two patients (2, 16.7%) was harboring prostate cancer. Of twenty-eight female study populations (n=28), more than half of the population (15, 53.6%) had breast cancer, one-fourth of patients (7,25%) had cervical cancer and only two patients (2, 7.14%) had ovarian cancer. The possible vital reason behind early treatment dropout among patients was financial problems (55%). Husbands’ deprivation (13%), Social harassment and isolation (8%) after the first cancer diagnosis,Conclusions: Social awareness, proper steps, and policies of government and non-government organizations for cancer patients taking into consideration all of the causative factors behind treatment drop out can reach the goal of cancer-free Bangladesh

Three Dimensional Space Vector Modulation Theory: Practices without Proofs

In three dimensional (3D) space vector modulation (SVM) theory with α-β-γ frame there are some issues which are well known and are widely practiced being quite obvious but without any proof so far. In this paper necessary scientific foundations to those issues have been provided. The foremost of these issues has been with the frame of reference to be considered in 3D SVM applications for unbalanced three phase systems. Although for balanced three phase systems there has been no controversy with α-β frame as the frame of reference but in 3D it has not yet been established which one, α-β-γ frame or the a-b-c frame, is mathematically correct. Another significant issue addressed in this work has been to ascertain the exact reason when a three phase system has to be represented in 2D or 3D space to apply SVM. It has been presented for the first time in this work that the key factor that determines whether 3D or 2D SVM has to be applied depends on the presence of time independent symmetrical components in a three phase ac system. Also it has been proved that the third axis, the Y–axis, represents the time independent quantity and that it must be directed perpendicular to the α-β plane passing through the origin

Fluvial Trace Fossils in the Middle Siwalik (Sarmatian-Pontian) of Darjeeling Himalayas, India

Trace fossils that record animal and plant activity are described for the first time from the Middle Siwalik, Neogene deposits of Darjeeling Himalaya. Sedimentary facies association attests to a channel– interchannel floodplain fluviatile setting. The intimate association of the burrows with phytoliths, rhizoliths, leaf compressions and coal lenses suggest that the tracemakers dominated a floodplain habitat. Point bar deposits host a low diversity Planolites-Naktodemasis-Macanopsis-Cylindricum equilibrium ichnocoenosis in the heterolithic fine sandstone-siltstone-shale facies that alternates with dense, monospecific colonization of Planolites as opportunistic pioneers relocating under stressed condition. Interlayered floodplain deposits in the fluvial successions preserve enigmatic large diameter, vertical tubes within thin to thick-bedded, dark silty shale facies. These tubes bear mixed characters assignable to both crayfish burrows and large-diameter rhizoliths. Further work on these tubes is necessary to make more accurate interpretations of those structures. Shallow to moderate burrow depths; intermittent, short-lived colonization events and preservation of rhizoliths and rhizohalos under fluctuating moisture content indicate short-term fluctuations of a relatively high water table (close to the paleosurface) in an imperfectly drained proximal floodplain setting. Ichnotaxa distribution and their inferred ethology provide significant faunal data that may put constraints on the reconstruction of Middle Siwalik depositional environment

Application of plastic funnel in blast hole to improve blasting efficiency of opencast coal mine at West Bokaro

Blasting being one of the key activities of mining, its efficiency in terms of lower explosives consumption, improved rock fragmentation, decreased fly-rock, reduced noise and vibration level is very much desired for an effective mining operation which can be achieved by maximizing the utilization of explosive energy in the blast hole. Use of ‘reverse plastic funnel’ into the blast hole is one of the techniques for more utilization of explosives energy to improve blasting efficiency. The reverse plastic funnel is placed between explosive and stemming column in the blast hole which eliminates the contamination of explosive from drill cuttings (used for stemming), thus increases the Velocity of Detonation (VoD) of the explosive. Also, the conic shape of funnel creates a ‘Wedge effect’ guiding more of the explosive energy into the rock rather than upward out of the blast hole which helps in utilizing more explosive energy for rock breakage and reducing fly rock generation. In order to establish the benefit, trials were carried out in OB (overburden) benches of opencast coal mine at West Bokaro. In-hole VoD is measured by using Micro Trap VoD Recorder. It was found that the in-hole Velocity of Detonation (VoD) of the explosive is more in blast hole having funnel which means more strength of explosive. It was also observed that the fly rocks generation is negligible from blast holes in which funnels are placed