Surface morphological evolutions on single crystal films by strong anisotropic drift-diffusion under the capillary and electromigration forces

The morphological evolution of voids at the unpassivated surfaces and the sidewalls of the single crystal metallic films are investigated via computer simulations by using the novel mathematical model developed by Ogurtani relying on the fundamental postulates of irreversible thermodynamics. The effects of the drift-diffusion anisotropy on the development of the surface morphological scenarios are fully explored under the action of the electromigration (EM) and capillary forces (CF), utilizing numerous combination of the surface textures and the directions of the applied electric field. The interconnect failure time due to the EM induced wedge shape internal voids and the incubation time of the oscillatory surface waves, under the severe instability regimes, are deduced by the novel renormalization procedures applied on the outputs of the computer simulation experiments.Comment: 41 pages, 18 figures. related simulation movies utilizing numerous combination of the surface texture, see http://www.csl.mete.metu.edu.tr/aytac/thesis/movies/index.ht

Prenatal diagnosis and postnatal follow-up of congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries and recurrent supraventricular tachycardia

The prenatal sonographic diagnosis of congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA), a rare form of congenital heart disease is very difficult. A24-year-old woman was referred to our center at 28 weeks’ gestation because of suspected fetal cardiac anomalies. This article reports a case of ccTGA with supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular septal defect, pulmonary valve stenosis, tricuspid valvar displacement and moderate tricuspid regurgitation during her pregnancy. The combined presence of SVT and ccTGA are occasionally present in the literature.peer-reviewe

Reverse polarized inductive coupling to transmit and receive radiofrequency coil arrays

Cataloged from PDF version of article.In this study, the reverse polarization method is implemented using transmit and receive arrays to improve the visibility of the interventional devices. Linearly polarized signal sourcesinductively and receptively coupled radiofrequency coilsare used in the experimental setups to demonstrate the ability of the method to separate these sources from a forward polarized anatomy signal. Two different applications of the reverse polarization method are presented here: (a) catheter tracking and (b) fiducial marker visualization, in both of which transmit and receive arrays are used. The performance of the reverse polarization method was further tested with phantom and volunteer studies, and the results proved the feasibility of this method with transmit and receive arrays. Magn Reson Med, 2012. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, In

Genotypic variation in growth and physiological responses of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seedlings to flooding

Tolerance to flooding stress in root regions of some common bean genotypes (Beyaz Fasulye, Boncuk Sırık, Kökez, Oturak and Sırık) was investigated in terms of morphological and physiological. Plants were grown in a plant growth chamber at 26/18°C (day/night) temperature with RH 70% and 450 m-2 s-1 light intensity. Seedlings were exposed to flooding stress for 3 days when the plants had developed 3 to 4 true leaves. The results obtained showed that root dry weight and leaf area were reduced significantly by flooding treatment. The changes in leaf area showed differences between genotypes. It was found that flooding treatment did not affect the leaf relative water content (RWC) value. Flooding treatment decreased total chlorophyll content significantly. It was observed that some increases and decreases in the total sugar and lipid peroxidation (MDA) contents in root and leaf parts depend on genotypes and treatment. Beside that cell membrane injury and influence of flooding for each genotype were determined measuring the electrical conductivity. It was determined that the tolerance to flooding of five evaluated common bean genotypes, were change depending on root and leaf part. The results also showed that different genotypes responded differently to excess water in the soil, which could be linked to variation in growth and physiological responses. According to the evaluation, these results possibly suggest that ‘Boncuk Sırık’ ‘was relatively tolerant genotype, whereas ‘Sırık’ and ‘Kökez’ were determined as more sensitive genotypes.Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris L., common bean, excess water stress, flooding, lipid peroxidation, membrane injury, waterlogging