Are interventions effective at improving driving in older drivers?: A systematic review

Background With the aging of the population, the number of older drivers is on the rise. This poses significant challenges for public health initiatives, as older drivers have a relatively higher risk for collisions. While many studies focus on developing screening tools to identify medically at-risk drivers, little research has been done to develop training programs or interventions to promote, maintain or enhance driving-related abilities among healthy individuals. The purpose of this systematic review is to synopsize the current literature on interventions that are tailored to improve driving in older healthy individuals by working on components of safe driving such as: self-awareness, knowledge, behaviour, skills and/or reducing crash/collision rates in healthy older drivers. Methods Relevant databases such as Scopus and PubMed databases were selected and searched for primary articles published in between January 2007 and December 2017. Articles were identified using MeSH search terms: ("safety" OR "education" OR "training" OR "driving" OR "simulator" OR "program" OR "countermeasures") AND ("older drivers" OR "senior drivers" OR "aged drivers" OR "elderly drivers"). All retrieved abstracts were reviewed, and full texts printed if deemed relevant. Results Twenty-five (25) articles were classified according to: 1) Classroom settings; 2) Computer-based training for cognitive or visual processing; 3) Physical training; 4) In-simulator training; 5) On-road training; and 6) Mixed interventions. Results show that different types of approaches have been successful in improving specific driving skills and/or behaviours. However, there are clear discrepancies on how driving performance/behaviours are evaluated between studies, both in terms of methods or dependent variables, it is therefore difficult to make direct comparisons between these studies. Conclusions This review identified strong study projects, effective at improving older drivers' performance and thus allowed to highlight potential interventions that can b- (undefined

Наноалмазы как идеальные наноносители для циансодежащих цитостатиков

Цианосодержащие цитостатики - новый класс открытых нами лекарств, которые благодаря цианогруппам хорошо закрепляются на наноалмазах, с увеличением активности

The Design and Development of New Cold Roll Formed Products by Finite Element Modeling and Optimisation

The design and development of new cold roll formed products can incur significant cost and the product may not be optimised for either performance or manufacture. This paper describes a new method to develop an optimum structural design of profile by cold roll forming using a combined approach of finite element analysis and optimisation techniques. To illustrate the concept, the design and development of a new channel beam and a new drain grating subjected to bending are presented. The two case studies, demonstrate how a roll formed profile may be optimised to improved structural performance through use of stiffeners and/or dimples. Improved performance of cold roll formed products is achieved by increasing the strength of the product without increasing the amount of the material used. The results of this paper clearly demonstrate an efficient and effective method and tool set to optimise design for performance and manufacture of cold roll formed products

Relaxation of Vibrational Excitons in Molecular-Ionic Crystal s Measured by Picosecond Time-Resolved CARS

The decay times of the internal vibrations in K2S04, KCl04, NaN03 and CaC03 single crystals have been measured at different temperature s by picosecond time-resolved CARS. The low temperature experimental data and their temperature dependence are interpreted on the basis of an energy relaxation mechanism, involving two-phonon and higher order decay processes

A Retrospective Multicenter Analysis of the Incidence of Bone-Only Disease at PSMA PET/CT in Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients

PSMA PET/CT has unprecedented accuracy for localization of initial or recurrent prostate cancer (PC), which can be applied in a metastasis-directed therapy approach. PSMA PET/CT (PET) also has a role in the selection of patients for metastasis-directed therapy or radioligand therapy and therapy assessment in CRPC patients. The purpose of this multicenter retrospective study was to determine the incidence of bone-only metastasis in CRPC patients who underwent PSMA PET/CT for restaging, as well as identifying potential predictors of bone-only PET positivity. The study analyzed data from 179 patients from two centers in Essen and Bologna. Results showed that 20.1% of the patients had PSMA uptake only in the bone, with the most frequent lesions located in the vertebrae, ribs, and hip bone. Half half of the patients showed oligo disease in bone and may benefit from a bone-metastasis-directed therapy. Initial positive nodal status and solitary ADT were shown to be negative predictors of osseous metastasis. The role of PSMA PET/TC in this patient population needs to be further explored in terms of its role in the evaluation and adoption of bone-specific therapies

High resolution optothermal spectroscopy of pyridine in the S-1 state

The optothermal technique has been utilized to obtain the first high resolution spectrum of pyridine in the region of the S1←S0 electronic transition. Rotational profiles for several vibronic bands (000,6a10,16b206a10,6a20,1210) were measured and found to be severely homogeneously broadened with linewidths of the order of 3–5 GHz, in agreement with previous lifetime measurements. Rotational constants of pyridine in the excited S1 vibronic levels were extracted by a band contour analysis. The values obtained are in good agreement with results from ab initio calculations, also presented here

A drug safety evaluation of abiraterone acetate in the treatment of prostate cancer

Introduction: To evaluate the safety profile characteristics of abiraterone acetate (AA) in the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). Areas covered: In this literature review the authors evaluate safety data from phase III trials investigating the combination of abiraterone acetate plus prednisone (AAP) in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. In particular, the aim was to clarify its toxicity profile, long-term exposure impact, and the correlation with general health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Expert opinion: Based on the studies reviewed, it appears that abiraterone acetate has favourable outcomes, is effective and well tolerated, mostly in asymptomatic or slightly symptomatic patients, and has recognised toxicity profile characteristics. Incidence of adverse events (AEs), such as mineralocorticoid- and corticosteroid-releated AEs, and hepatotoxicity is well known and widely described. Understanding the toxicity profile of AA could assist decision-making in clinical practice

Dealing with aging and multigeneration workforce topics at top global companies: evidence from public disclosure information

The way organizations deal with aging employees and the way they manage the existence of a multigenerational gap within the workforce falls well within the scope some public information reporting practices, such as corporate responsibility. The aim of this study is to ascertain the level and characteristics of reporting practices on aging and multigenerational workforce among the top 50 global companies. The analysis of the public information disclosure was carried out using a quantitative approach by applying a three-stage data collection procedure. It can be concluded that companies' information disclosure about aging workforce topics is markedly low and, accordingly, it appears at a low level of relevancy on their institutional websites structure/content, as well as in their public reports. The main finding pointed out to the fact that top global companies do not widely report the way they take actions to deal with aging and multigenerational workforce challenges

Business model configurations and performance: A qualitative comparative analysis in Formula One racing, 2005-2013

We investigate the business model configurations associated with high and low firm performance by conducting a qualitative comparative analysis of firms competing in Formula One racing. We find that configurations of two business models-one focused on selling technology to competitors, the other one on developing and trading human resources with competitors-are associated with high performance. We also investigate why these configurations are high-performing and find that they are underpinned by capability-enhancing complementarities, accelerating firms' learning and supporting the development of focused firms' capabilities