5 research outputs found
Early origins of lung disease: Towards an interdisciplinary approach
The prenatal and perinatal environments can have profound effects on the development of
chronic inflammatory diseases. However, mechanistic insight into how the early-life microenvironment
can impact upon development of the lung and immune system and consequent initiation and progression
of respiratory diseases is still emerging. Recent studies investigating the developmental origins of lung
diseases have started to delineate the effects of early-life changes in the lung, environmental exposures and
immune maturation on the development of childhood and adult lung diseases. While the influencing
factors have been described and studied in mostly animal models, it remains challenging to pinpoint
exactly which factors and at which time point are detrimental in lung development leading to respiratory
disease later in life. To advance our understanding of early origins of chronic lung disease and to allow for
proper dissemination and application of this knowledge, we propose four major focus areas: 1) policy and
education; 2) clinical assessment; 3) basic and translational research; and 4) infrastructure and tools, and
discuss future directions for advancement. This review is a follow-up of the discussions at the European
Respiratory Society Research Seminar “Early origins of lung disease: towards an interdisciplinary
approach” (Lisbon, Portugal, November 2019)
Mood Disorder With Manic Features in a Patient Treated With Granulocyte-Monocyte Colony Stimulating Factor
ERS International Congress 2022: highlights from the Basic and Translational Science Assembly.
In this review, the Basic and Translational Science Assembly of the European Respiratory Society provides an overview of the 2022 International Congress highlights. We discuss the consequences of respiratory events from birth until old age regarding climate change related alterations in air quality due to pollution caused by increased ozone, pollen, wildfires and fuel combustion as well as the increasing presence of microplastic and microfibres. Early life events such as the effect of hyperoxia in the context of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and crucial effects of the intrauterine environment in the context of pre-eclampsia were discussed. The Human Lung Cell Atlas (HLCA) was put forward as a new point of reference for healthy human lungs. The combination of single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial data in the HLCA has enabled the discovery of new cell types/states and niches, and served as a platform that facilitates further investigation of mechanistic perturbations. The role of cell death modalities in regulating the onset and progression of chronic lung diseases and its potential as a therapeutic target was also discussed. Translational studies identified novel therapeutic targets and immunoregulatory mechanisms in asthma. Lastly, it was highlighted that the choice of regenerative therapy depends on disease severity, ranging from transplantation to cell therapies and regenerative pharmacology