64 research outputs found
Co-occurrence of risky lifestyle behavior with overweight, excess abdominal fat and high blood pressure - case oriented approach [ZajedniÄka pojavnost riziÄnog ponaÅ”anja i prekomjerne tjelesne težine, abdominalne debljine i visokog tlaka - studija sluÄajeva]
The objective was to estimate the proportion of cases developed interim risk factors (INTF: overweight, excess abdominal fat, high blood pressure) in relation with behavioral risk factors (BEHF: smoking, heavy alcohol intake, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity). NOBIR group was defined as cases with no BEHF and BIR as those with them. Both groups show higher proportions of INTF in older age. The increase by age varies of twofold (overweight: 13.2-29.2 for men, 18.1-42.6 for women) to six fold (high blood pressure: 4.6-26.5 for men, 6.6-40.8 for women) in proportions. Women show higher proportions of INTF than men in both groups, but BIR group shows higher proportions than NOBIR in all the age groups taking the both gender together. As a BEHF the physical inactivity has a markedly increase with age (from 4% to more than 25%). Smoking is the only BEHF decreasing in oldest for all the INTF
Kultura bolesniÄke sigurnosti utjeÄe na prezentizam i apsentizam: presjeÄno ispitivanje u hrvatskih zdravstvenih djelatnika
Healthcare workers have high rates of injuries and illnesses at the workplace, and both their absence from work due to illness (absenteeism) or working ill (presenteeism) can compromise patient safety and the quality of health care delivered. Following this premise, we wanted to determine whether presenteeism and absenteeism were associated with patient safety culture (PSC) and in what way. Our sample consisted of 595 Croatian healthcare workers (150 physicians and 445 nurses) who answered the short-form WHO Health and Work Performance Questionnaire and the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. The results have confirmed the association with both presenteeism and absenteeism in several PSC dimensions, but not as we expected based on the premise from which we started. Opposite to our expectations, lower job performance (as a measure of presenteeism) was associated with higher PSC instead of lower PSC. Absenteeism, in turn, was associated with lower PSC, just as we expected. These findings suggest that it is the PSC that shapes presenteeist and absenteeist behaviour and not the other way around. High PSC leads to presenteeism, and low PSC to absenteeism. We also believe that the presenteeism questionnaires should be adjusted to health care and better define what lower performance means both quantitatively and qualitatively in a hospital setting.Zdravstveni djelatnici imaju visoku stopu ozljeda na radu i bolesti vezanih uz rad. Njihova odsutnost s posla zbog bolesti (apsentizam), kao i prisutnost na poslu kad su bolesni (prezentizam), mogu ugroziti bolesnikovu sigurnost i kvalitetu pružene zdravstvene skrbi. SlijedeÄi tu pretpostavku, htjeli smo utvrditi jesu li, i kako, prezentizam i apsenzitam povezani s kulturom bolesniÄke sigurnosti. NaÅ” je uzorak obuhvatio 595 zdravstvenih djelatnika (150 lijeÄnika i 445 medicinskih sestara) koji su odgovorili na upitnik Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije za mjerenje zdravlja i radne uÄinkovitosti te Upitnik o kulturi bolesniÄke sigurnosti u bolnici. Rezultati su potvrdili povezanost prezentizma i apsentizma s nekoliko dimenzija kulture bolesniÄke sigurnosti, ali ne i pretpostavku od koje smo zapoÄeli istraživanje. Suprotno naÅ”im oÄekivanjima, niži radni uÄinak (kao mjera prezentizma) bio je povezan s viÅ”om ā a ne nižom ā kulturom bolesniÄke sigurnosti. Apsentizam je bio povezan s nižom kulturom, kao Å”to smo i oÄekivali. Ovi rezultati upuÄuju na to da kultura bolesniÄke sigurnosti utjeÄe na ponaÅ”anje zdravstvenih djelatnika, odnosno na njihov prezentizam i apsentizam, a ne obrnuto. Visoka kultura bolesniÄke sigurnosti dovodi do prezentizma, a niska do apsentizma. TakoÄer vjerujemo da se upitnici o prezentizmu trebaju specifiÄno prilagoditi zdravstvenoj skrbi kako bi se kvantitativnim i kvalitativnim metodama preciznije utvrdio niži radni uÄinak
Zdravstvena politika u doba izbora
Älanak koji Äitate uvodni je dio pregleda programa zdravstvenih politika parlamentarnih stranaka u Hrvatskoj. Nažalost, nikako nismo uspjeli ukljuÄiti sve parlamentarne stranke, meÄutim ovo je po prvi puta da je na jednom mjestu sakupljena i dokumentirana veÄina stranaÄkih zdravstvenih ciljeva i planova za provoÄenje istih. U dosadaÅ”njim izborima zdravstvo nije bilo tema kojoj se pridavalo dovoljno pažnje Å”to je moglo ostaviti dojam da u Hrvatskoj ne postoji struÄnost u domeni zdravstvene politike. DapaÄe, zbog same specifiÄnosti struke i obrazovanja lijeÄnika postoji dojam da uz potporu stranke "svaki" lijeÄnik može postati dobar zdravstveni politiÄar. To naravno ne znaÄi da ne postoje lijeÄnici s prepoznatljivim kredibilitetom eksperta u zdravstvenoj politici i u veÄini sluÄajeva upravo oni formiraju i planiraju stranaÄke zdravstvene politike
Overview of the causes of inacapablity of railway workers
Istraživanje je provedeno na 409 željezniÄkih radnika koji su u razdoblju od 5 godina pregledavani u Ustanovi za zdravstvenu skrb dr. MijaÄ. Cilj je bio analizirati tip i vrstu zdravstvenog pregleda, ocjenu radne sposobnosti te ustanoviti razloge zbog kojih su radnici bili privremeno ili trajno nesposobni. Analizirani su broj i vrsta pregleda te broj i vrsta ocjene radne sposobnosti. Žene je ukljuÄivalo 3,3 % pregleda, a 96,7 % muÅ”karce, vjerojatno zbog specifiÄnosti željezniÄkog posla te je najveÄi broj pregledanih pripadalo dobnoj skupini 41-62. Obavljena su 62 prethodna, 672 periodiÄna, 10 ciljanih i 28 kontrolnih pregleda. Ocjene radne sposobnosti bile su 772 (88,23 %) sposoban, 27 (3,09 %) nesposoban i 76 (8,68 %) privremeno nesposoban. NajviÅ”e je obavljeno periodiÄnih pregleda, na kojima je najÄeÅ”Äa ocjena bila sposoban. Na izvanrednim i kontrolnim pregledima takoÄer je najÄeÅ”Äa ocjena bila sposoban. Ocjene sposoban, privremeno nesposoban te nesposoban najÄeÅ”Äe su bile donesene na periodiÄnim pregledima. Neki radnici bili su samo jednom privremeno nesposobni jer je njihova dijagnoza zahtijevala kratkotrajno lijeÄenje, a neki viÅ”e puta, sve dok je njihova bolest bila u fazi lijeÄenja te su po zavrÅ”etku lijeÄenja mogli biti sposobni ili trajno nesposobni, ovisno o ishodu lijeÄenja. Trajno nesposobni radnici proglaÅ”eni su nakon Å”to je lijeÄenje zavrÅ”eno te zdravstveno stanje radnika nije ispunjavalo uvjete zdravstvene sposobnosti radnog mjesta a u nekim sluÄajevima i zbog dobi. Bolesti koje su najÄeÅ”Äe bile razlog onesposobljavanja bile su Å”irokog spektra, a najÄeÅ”Äe se radilo o kardiovaskularnim bolestima, psihiÄkim, poremeÄajima, nereguliranim endokrinim poremeÄajima, bolnim sindromima, neuroloÅ”kim poremeÄajima, bolestima oka i bolestima uha. UzimajuÄi u obzir psihiÄku i fiziÄku zahtjevnost željezniÄkog posla, važno je pravovremeno utvrditi bolesti i stanja željezniÄara, ograniÄavajuÄih za obavljanje posla na siguran naÄin za njih same, ali i za okolinu. Za istaknuti je i važnost prethodnih pregleda koji bi odmah trebali eliminirati neadekvatne radnike u smislu zdravstvene sposobnosti, a naknadno i periodiÄnih, kontrolnih i izvanrednih pregleda, kojima se prate eventualne promjene u zdravstvenom statusu te na taj naÄin smanjuje moguÄnost incidenata, ozljeda na radu i profesionalnih bolesti.The research was conducted on 409 railway workers who were examined in a period of 5 years at the Institution for Health Care Dr. MijaÄ. The aim was to analyse the type and type of medical examination, assessment of work ability and to establish the reasons why workers were temporarily or permanently incapable. 3.3% of examinations included women and 96.7% men, probably due to the specifics of the railway jobs, and the largest number of examinations belonged to the age group 41-62. Periodic examinations were performed most frequently, at which the most frequent assessment was capable of work. At intentional and control examinations, the most common assessment was also capable. Grades capable, temporarily incapable, incapable were most often made at periodic examinations. Some workers were temporarily incapacitated only once because their diagnosis required short-term treatment, and some multiple times as long as their disease was in the treatment phase and may be able or incapable at the end of treatment depending on treatment outcome. Permanently incapacitated workers were declared after the treatment was completed, and the health condition of the workers did not meet the requirements of the health ability of the workplace or in some cases due to age. Considering the psychological and physical complexity of the railway work, it is important to identify in a timely manner the diseases and conditions of railway workers that restrict the performance of work in a safe way for themselves and for the environment. It is important to emphasize the importance of previous examinations which should immediately eliminate inadequate workers in terms of medical fitness, and subsequently periodic and control and extraordinary examinations, which monitor possible changes in health status and thus reduce the possibility of incidents, injuries and occupational diseases
- ā¦