Odkrywanie w\u142a\u15bciwo\u15bci sieci neuronowych: przy u\u17cyciu program\uf3w w j\u119zyku C#

S\u142owa kluczowe: sieci neuronowe; modelowanie cybernetyczne ludzkiego m\uf3zgu \u2013 neuronowe metody przetwarzania informacji i systemy modeluj\u105ce struktur\u119 ludzkiego m\uf3zgu i zachowanie cz\u142owieka; logika matematyczna; automatyczne rozpoznawanie obraz\uf3w; programy w j\u119zyku C

Space Charge at Nanoscale: Probing Injection and Dynamic Phenomena Under Dark/Light Configurations by Using KPFM and C-AFM

International audienc

Relationship Between Anti-DFS70 Autoantibodies and Oxidative Stress

Background: The anti-DFS70 autoantibodies are one of the most commonly and widely described agent of unknown clinical significance, frequently detected in healthy individuals. It is not known whether the DFS70 autoantibodies are protective or pathogenic. One of the factors suspected of inducing the formation of anti-DFS70 antibodies is increased oxidative stress. We evaluated the coexistence of anti-DFS70 antibodies with selected markers of oxidative stress and investigated whether these antibodies could be considered as indirect markers of oxidative stress. Methods: The intensity of oxidative stress was measured in all samples via indices of free-radical damage to lipids and proteins such as total oxidant status (TOS), concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides (LPH), lipofuscin (LPS), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The parameters of the non-enzymatic antioxidant system, such as total antioxidant status (TAS) and uric acid concentration (UA), were also measured, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Based on TOS and TAS values, the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. All samples were also tested with indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and 357 samples were selected for direct monospecific anti DFS70 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing. Results: The anti-DFS70 antibodies were confirmed by ELISA test in 21.29% of samples. Compared with anti-DFS70 negative samples we observed 23% lower concentration of LPH (P =.038) and 11% lower concentration of UA (P =.005). TOS was 20% lower (P =.014). The activity of SOD was up to 5% higher (P =.037). The Pearson correlation showed weak negative correlation for LPH, UA, and TOS and a weak positive correlation for SOD activity. Conclusion: In samples positive for the anti-DFS70 antibody a decreased level of oxidative stress was observed, especially in the case of samples with a high antibody titer. Anti-DFS70 antibodies can be considered as an indirect marker of reduced oxidative stress or a marker indicating the recent intensification of antioxidant processes

Root growth and crop performance of soybean under chemical, physical, and biological changes after subsoiling.

Chemical, physical and biological soil attributes can facilitate soybean root growth in greater volume and depth in the soil, which can minimize yield reduction caused by water deficit. Soil management can contribute positively or negatively to these soil attributes. The aim of this work was to evaluate the root growth and crop performance of soybean, in response to chemical, physical and biological changes after subsoiling at different depths. At the R5 phenological stage, trenches were made for sampling and soil collection for chemical, physical and biological analysis and root growth was carried out. At V5, V7, R2 and R5 stages, plants were collected to evaluate height, leaf area and dry mass. At V5, stage number and dry mass of the nodules were evaluated. Subsoiling increased pH and Ca, and decreased Al in the soil, resulted in higher relative density and did not affect in mechanical penetration resistance compared to non-subsoiled soil. Basal respiration and soybean nodulation were higher in the subsoiled soil. Up to 15 cm depth, there were 87.91% of the total root dry mass and 78.79% of the total root volume. Initial and final plant growth were the same in subsoiled and non-subsoiled soil. Number of nodules in the subsoiled soil was 28% higher than in the non-subsoiled soil. Under these study conditions, subsoiling provides lower root growth but benefits grain yield

Environmental factors shaping ungulate abundances in Poland

Population densities of large herbivores are determined by the diverse effects of density-dependent and independent environmental factors. In this study, we used the official 1998–2003 inventory data on ungulate numbers from 462 forest districts and 23 national parks across Poland to determine the roles of various environmental factors in shaping country-wide spatial patterns of ungulate abundances. Spatially explicit generalized additive mixed models showed that different sets of environmental variables explained 39 to 50 % of the variation in red deer Cervus elaphus, wild boar Sus scrofa, and roe deer Capreolus capreolus abundances. For all of the studied species, low forest cover and the mean January temperature were the most important factors limiting their numbers. Woodland cover above 40–50 % held the highest densities for these species. Wild boar and roe deer were more numerous in deciduous or mixed woodlands within a matrix of arable land. Furthermore, we found significant positive effects of marshes and water bodies on wild boar abundances. A juxtaposition of obtained results with ongoing environmental changes (global warming, increase in forest cover) may indicate future growth in ungulate distributions and numbers

Statechart-based Controllers Synthesis in FPGA Structures with Embedded Array Blocks

Statechart diagrams, in general, are visual formalism for description of complex systems behaiour. Digital controllers, which act as reactive systems, can be very conveniently modeled with statecharts and efficiently synthesized in modern programmable devices. The paper presents in details syntax and semantics of statecharts and new implementation scheme. The issue of statecharts synthesis is not still ultimately solved. Main feature of the presented approach is the transformation of statechart diagrams into Finite State Machine, and through KISS format, functional decomposition and mapping into Embedded Memory Blocks. Embedded Memory are part of the modern programmable devices

Address Generator Realization Using Completely-Specified Boolean Functions

Prezentujemy efektywną metodę syntezy w pełni określonych funkcji boolowskich charakteryzujących się dużą dysproporcją występującą na wyjściu. Opisywane funkcje zawierają jedynie mały podzbiór słów dla których wartość jest równa 1. Opracowano specjalny algorytm selekcji takich wektorów. Badania zostały wykonane na układach programowalnych FPGA Stratix firmy Altera. W porównaniu do klasycznych metod syntezy osiągnęliśmy, przy porównywalnym użyciu wbudowanych bloków pamięciowych EMB, redukcję zasobów logicznych LUT - średnio do 95%.We are proposing a cost-efficient realization scheme for completely-specified logic functions characterized by a huge disproportion. The functions described contain millions of input words but only few of them can give us information. An appropriate method of logic synthesis for identifying mentioned vectors (registered vectors) has been developed. In this method logic functions are implemented using both embedded memory blocks and LUT-based programmable logic blocks available in today's FPGAs. In comparison with the classical logic synthesis methods we have obtained extremely encouraging results: with a comparable number of EMBs, the number of logic cells has been reduced by 95%. The investigation has been implemented using Altera's Stratix devices