AFLP-based genetic mapping of the " bud-flowering" trait in heather (Calluna vulgaris)

Background: Calluna vulgaris is one of the most important landscaping plants produced in Germany. Its enormous economic success is due to the prolonged flower attractiveness of mutants in flower morphology, the so-called bud-bloomers. In this study, we present the first genetic linkage map of C. vulgaris in which we mapped a locus of the economically highly desired trait " flower type" .Results: The map was constructed in JoinMap 4.1. using 535 AFLP markers from a single mapping population. A large fraction (40%) of markers showed distorted segregation. To test the effect of segregation distortion on linkage estimation, these markers were sorted regarding their segregation ratio and added in groups to the data set. The plausibility of group formation was evaluated by comparison of the " two-way pseudo-testcross" and the " integrated" mapping approach. Furthermore, regression mapping was compared to the multipoint-likelihood algorithm. The majority of maps constructed by different combinations of these methods consisted of eight linkage groups corresponding to the chromosome number of C. vulgaris.Conclusions: All maps confirmed the independent inheritance of the most important horticultural traits " flower type" , " flower colour" , and " leaf colour". An AFLP marker for the most important breeding target " flower type" was identified. The presented genetic map of C. vulgaris can now serve as a basis for further molecular marker selection and map-based cloning of the candidate gene encoding the unique flower architecture of C. vulgaris bud-bloomers.BLE (Federal Office of Agriculture and Food, Germany)/511–06.01-28-1-43.038-0

Modulation of interleukin 2 high affinity binding to human T cells by a pyrimidodiazepine insect metabolite

AbstractAn insect metabolite containing the little known pyrimido[4,5-b][l,4]diazepine ring system has been found to act as an effective mimic of tetrahydrobiopterin in its ability to modulate the affinity of interleukin 2 (IL-2) for its receptors on human T cells. Semi-empirical molecular orbital calculations reveal that while tetrahydrobiopterin has considerable flexibility, the pyrimidodiazepine has rather few conformational options and offers a useful model for exploring the nature of the pterin binding site

Benzylglucosinolate Derived Isothiocyanate from Tropaeolum majus Reduces Gluconeogenic Gene and Protein Expression in Human Cells

Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) contains high concentrations of benzylglcosinolate. We found that a hydrolysis product of benzyl glucosinolate—the benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC)—modulates the intracellular localization of the transcription factor Forkhead box O 1 (FOXO1). FoxO transcription factors can antagonize insulin effects and trigger a variety of cellular processes involved in tumor suppression, longevity, development and metabolism. The current study evaluated the ability of BITC—extracted as intact glucosinolate from nasturtium and hydrolyzed with myrosinase—to modulate i) the insulin-signaling pathway, ii) the intracellular localization of FOXO1 and, iii) the expression of proteins involved in gluconeogenesis, antioxidant response and detoxification. Stably transfected human osteosarcoma cells (U-2 OS) with constitutive expression of FOXO1 protein labeled with GFP (green fluorescent protein) were used to evaluate the effect of BITC on FOXO1. Human hepatoma HepG2 cell cultures were selected to evaluate the effect on gluconeogenic, antioxidant and detoxification genes and protein expression. BITC reduced the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT/PKB) and FOXO1; promoted FOXO1 translocation from cytoplasm into the nucleus antagonizing the insulin effect; was able to down-regulate the gene and protein expression of gluconeogenic enzymes; and induced the gene expression of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes. Knockdown analyses with specific siRNAs showed that the expression of gluconeogenic genes was dependent on nuclear factor (erythroid derived)-like2 (NRF2) and independent of FOXO1, AKT and NAD- dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1). The current study provides evidence that BITC might have a role in type 2 diabetes T2D by reducing hepatic glucose production and increasing antioxidant resistance

第1090回千葉医学会例会・第7回環境生命医学研究会

<p>HepG2 cells were incubated with BITC 30 μM, insulin 100 nM and insulin + BITC for 30 min. PathScan Signaling Array Kit was used for the detection of the phosphorylated AKT (Thr308). Data shown as mean of fold phosphorylation normalized to untreated control + SEM (n = 3) *p<0.05(Unpaired Student’s t test).</p

Zur Einflussnahme der Eltern auf die gesellschaftlich-politische Aktivitaet von Unterstufenschuelern untersucht an Schuelern einer 3. Klasse

HUB(11) - 84 HB 2473 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Zur Einflussnahme der Eltern auf die gesellschaftlich-politische Aktivitaet von Unterstufenschuelern untersucht an Schuelern einer 3. Klasse

HUB(11) - 84 HB 2473 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

CAT gene expression in HepG2 cells modulated by BITC.

<p>Dose-dependency is shown for the antioxidant enzyme CAT. Results are presented as fold mRNA expression, normalized to the housekeeping gene RPL32 and the control. Data shown as mean value ± SEM *(p<0.05), **(p<0.01) and ***(p<0.001). (Oneway ANOVA and posthoc Bonferroni).</p

U-2 OS-FOXO1-GFP cells treated with BITC at selected concentrations.

<p>Nuclear accumulation was estimated by measuring the ratio of FOXO1 nuclear/FOXO1 cytosolic (FOXO1 Nuc/Cyt) after 1 h treatment normalized to untreated control cells. Ratios higher than 1 showed a nuclear accumulation of FOXO1. Results are presented as mean values + standard error (SEM) (n = 4). Significant differences vs control (0 μM) are labelled for *(p<i><</i>0.05) and **(p<i><</i>0.01) (Oneway ANOVA and posthoc Bonferroni multiple comparisons).</p