Decreased Type I Interferon Production by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Contributes to Severe Dengue

The clinical presentation of dengue virus (DENV) infection is variable. Severe complications mainly result from exacerbated immune responses. Type I interferons (IFN-I) are important in antiviral responses and form a crucial link between innate and adaptive immunity. Their contribution to host defense during DENV infection remains under-studied, as direct quantification of IFN-I is challenging. We combined ultra-sensitive single-molecule array (Simoa) digital ELISA with IFN-I gene expression to elucidate the role of IFN-I in a well-characterized cohort of hospitalized Cambodian children undergoing acute DENV infection. Higher concentrations of type I IFN proteins were observed in blood of DENV patients, compared to healthy donors, and correlated with viral load. Stratifying patients for disease severity, we found a decreased expression of IFN-I in patients with a more severe clinical outcome, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). This was seen in parallel to a correlation between low IFNα protein concentrations and decreased platelet counts. Type I IFNs concentrations were correlated to frequencies of plasmacytoid DCs, not DENV-infected myloid DCs and correlated inversely with neutralizing anti-DENV antibody titers. Hence, type I IFN produced in the acute phase of infection is associated with less severe outcome of dengue disease

Hereditary C1q Deficiency is Associated with Type 1 Interferon-Pathway Activation and a High Risk of Central Nervous System Inflammation

\ua9 The Author(s) 2024.Hereditary C1q deficiency (C1QDef) is a rare monogenic disorder leading to defective complement pathway activation and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like manifestations. The link between impairment of the complement cascade and autoimmunity remains incompletely understood. Here, we assessed type 1 interferon pathway activation in patients with C1QDef. Twelve patients with genetically confirmed C1QDef were recruited through an international collaboration. Clinical, biological and radiological data were collected retrospectively. The expression of a standardized panel of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) in peripheral blood was measured, and the level of interferon alpha (IFNα) protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) determined using SIMOA technology. Central nervous system (encompassing basal ganglia calcification, encephalitis, vasculitis, chronic pachymeningitis), mucocutaneous and renal involvement were present, respectively, in 10, 11 and 2 of 12 patients, and severe infections recorded in 2/12 patients. Elevated ISG expression was observed in all patients tested (n = 10/10), and serum and CSF IFNα elevated in 2/2 patients. Three patients were treated with Janus-kinase inhibitors (JAKi), with variable outcome; one displaying an apparently favourable response in respect of cutaneous and neurological features, and two others experiencing persistent disease despite JAKi therapy. To our knowledge, we report the largest original series of genetically confirmed C1QDef yet described. Additionally, we present a review of all previously described genetically confirmed cases of C1QDef. Overall, individuals with C1QDef demonstrate many characteristics of recognized monogenic interferonopathies: particularly, cutaneous involvement (malar rash, acral vasculitic/papular rash, chilblains), SLE-like disease, basal ganglia calcification, increased expression of ISGs in peripheral blood, and elevated levels of CSF IFNα

Essais d'hyperoxygenation des mouts. Influences sur la qualite des vins d'Alsace

INRA de Colmar, laboratoire d'oenologi

DPP4 inhibition reveals interleukin-33-dependent eosinophil-mediated tumor immunity in hepatocellular carcinoma

International audienc

Antioxidant activity of olive oil mill wastewater obtained from different thermal treatments

In food industry, Olive Oil Mill Wastewater (OOMWW) is considered a by-product because of the presence of biostatic compounds with a high polluting rate, in particular phenols. Moreover, during olive oil processing, a large amount of this by-product constitutes an ecological and economical problem for the producers. To reevaluate this by-product, the reuse of this wastewater to obtain useful compounds appears to be very important. In order to purify the wastewater, the development of operations that modify its organic content seems necessary for obtaining of eventual fertilizing agents and/or to recover substances with a high added value such as phenolic compounds, which are currently recognized scientifically as molecules with a high antioxidant activity. A chromatographic analysis of these compounds was conducted to characterize different concentrations of wastewater and the reducing power of the extracts was measured. The thermal treatment of olive oil mill wastewater in a rotary evaporator and in an oven involved an increase in radical scavenging efficiency. These results could be correlated with the possibility of recovering and reusing this type of waste for its antioxidant properties.<br><br>En la industria alimentaria, el alpechín se considera un subproducto debido a la presencia de compuestos bioestáticos, con una alta tasa de contaminación, particularmente los fenoles. Además, durante el procesado de la aceituna, la generación de una gran cantidad de este subproducto supone un problema ecológico y económico para los productores. Es importante la reutilización de este agua de desecho para obtener compuestos útiles. Para purificar el agua de desecho es necesario el desarrollo de operaciones que modifiquen su contenido orgánico, para poder obtener agentes fertilizantes y/o recuperar sustancias con un alto valor añadido como los compuestos fenólicos, que actualmente están reconocidos científicamente como moléculas con una elevada actividad antioxidante. Se realizó un análisis cromatográfico de dichos compuestos para caracterizar las diferentes concentraciones en el alpechín, y posteriormente se determinó el poder reductor de los extractos. El tratamiento térmico del alpechín en rotavapor y en estufa incrementó la eficiencia en la captura de radicales. Estos resultados pueden correlacionarse con la posibilidad de recuperar y reutilizar este tipo de desecho debido a sus propiedades antioxidantes